Implementing climate change adaptation interventions in remote outer islands of the Pacific Island region Gillian Cambers and Titilia Rabuatoka

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1 Implementing climate change adaptation interventions in remote outer islands of the Pacific Island region Gillian Cambers and Titilia Rabuatoka Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation in the Pacific region, July 2016

2 From a position of strength

3 Acknowledging our co-authors and partners Our co-authors: Ms Pasha Carruthers, Mr Sanivalati Tubuna and Ms Juliana Ungaro The Pacific Community Our funding partner: The European Union And most importantly our Pacific Island partners

4 Presentation outline 1. Introduction 2. Implementing Climate Change Interventions in Pacific Islands findings: Meeting the high costs in outer islands Adding new technology to traditional practices Influencing behavioural change 3. Challenges for the future

5 2. Implementing climate change interventions in Pacific Islands Refurbished medical lab in Kiribati Coastal protection in Tonga Proposal preparation training in Nauru Tank manufacturing facility in Niue

6 North Pacific Ocean Outer islands present special 0 challenges 11,408 Map of the Marshall Islands 1,729 27,

7 Finding 1: Meeting the high cost of climate change interventions in outer islands

8 Fais Island, Federated States of Micronesia

9 Fais Island, Federated States of Micronesia First flush device Unloading a tank on Fais Island

10 Using local materials Narrow section of the island Roadway at high tide Boulders on the reef flat Using the reef flat boulders to build the causeway

11 Rule of thumb for planning projects in outer islands Calculate project budget and time schedule with as much detail and local input as possible then multiply by a factor of 2. If project estimate is $100,000 for a year, final budget and schedule will be $200,000 for two years. Sometimes you may need to multiply by a factor of 2.5 or even 3 depending on local conditions.

12 Finding 2: Adding new technology and new information

13 Agroforestry

14 Climate-ready crops Agroforestry site in Funafuti, Tuvalu The Pacific Community s Centre for Pacific Crops and Trees (CePaCT) Climate-ready crop seedlings displayed during Tuvalu s Environment Week 2015

15 Keeping it simple Decline in pearl production Water quality monitoring buoy Hand-held probes Results on community noticeboards Alerts to farmers via mobile phones

16 Finding 3: Effective communication to address the required behavioural change

Kiribati 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 2014 (Before SODIS introduced) 2015

17 Number of cases Solar disinfection of water (SODIS) SODIS in practice Number of cases of diarrhoea before and after the introduction of SODIS Bairiki Health Clinic, Kiribati (Before SODIS introduced) 2015 (After SODIS introduced) 50 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Sep Month SODIS Kiribati launch, March 2015

18 Using local languages Marshall Islands Climate Change Glossary SODIS picture codes in i-kiribati language Tuvalu agroforestry pamphlet Water is life promotion, Yap State, FSM

19 3. Challenges for the future

20 Need for further research

21 Upscaling Single demonstration project in one atoll to. A comprehensive whole of atoll/country approach A survey in 2010 by Ministry of Public Works in RMI identified sites that are now vulnerable: Shoreline rehabilitation in Majuro, Jaluit, Ailinglaplap, Arno, Ebon and Ailuk Atolls = US$ 81,086, Airstrip rehabilitation at Wotje, Jaluit & Ebon Atolls = USD$38,255, Costing USD 0.5 million Costing USD 119 million

22 Projects to programmes Phase 1 Phase 2 Entrenchment of activities, e.g. maintenance All activities become part of national processes Measurement of impacts Implementation of all main activities Evaluation Phase 1 Conceptualisation & design

23 Fewer projects more cooperation

24 Involving the private sector Training contractors and introducing new technology Palau Development Bank and the Water Conservation Incentive Program

25 Our world 19 March, 2016 shadow of the moon in the Western Pacific from the space station

OUTLINE OF EXPRESSION OF INTEREST TO PARTICIPATE IN SREP. The Republic of the Marshall Islands

OUTLINE OF EXPRESSION OF INTEREST TO PARTICIPATE IN SREP I. COUNTRY AND GOVERNMENT AGENCY SUBMITTING EXPRESSION OF INTEREST Country: Government Agency: The Republic of the Marshall Islands Marshalls Energy