General overview on management of hazardous waste in Italy Rosanna Laraia National Center for the Waste Cycle ISPRA

Transcription

1 Seminar on hazardous waste and PCB management 15 th of September 2017 Ministry for the Environment, Land and Sea Rome General overview on management of hazardous waste in Italy Rosanna Laraia National Center for the Waste Cycle ISPRA

2 What is ISPRA? The Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA, has been established by Decree no. 112 of 25 th of June 2008, converted into Law no. 133 (with amendments) of 21 st of August ISPRA performs, with the inherent financial resources, equipment and personnel, the duties of: - ex-anpa, Italian Environment Protection Agency (Law no. 61/1994) - ex-apat, Italian Environment Protection and Technical Services Agency (article 38 of Legislative Decree no. 300 of 30 th of July 1999); - ex-infs, National Institute for Wildlife (Law no. 157 of 11 th of February 1992); - ex-icram, Central Institute for Scientific and Technological Research applied to the Sea (Decree no. 496 of 4 th of December 1993, converted into Law no. 61 of 21 st of January 1994, with amendments). The Institute acts under the vigilance and policy guidance of the Italian Ministry for the Environment, Land and Sea.

3 What is the National System for Environmental Protection? ISPRA is part of a network known as National System for Environmental Protection, which is made up of 21 Territorial Environmental Protection Agencies (ARPA/APPA), established by Regional Laws. It is an example of consolidated federal system, which combines the direct knowledge of the territory and its issues with the national policies for environmental protection, so as to become an institutional and technical-scientific reference point for the whole country. The establishment of ISPRA fosters the cohesion of the system, while respecting the territorial differences, and promotes the collaboration and the consistent approach to environmental themes.

4 What is the National System for Environmental Protection? Soon after the first regional agencies were established, a clear need emerged to create opportunities and spaces for discussion and debate among the ARPAs/APPAs for a coordinated development. For this reason the law establishing APAT, then ISPRA, provided for the setting up of a Federal Council, chaired by the President of ISPRA and formed by ISPRA's Director General and by the legal representatives of each ARPA/APPA, with advisory functions on the agreement between ISPRA and the Ministry for the Environment, with particular regard to the allocation of funding and the use of resources, to the technical and operational methodologies used by ARPAs/APPAs.

5 The National System for Environmental Protection Law 132/2016 Establishment of the National System for Environmental Protection and regulation of the Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research sets out specific tasks for the National System such as: inspection activities within the scope of environmental control functions monitoring of the state of the environment collection, organization and dissemination of environmental data which constitute official technical reference to be used, together with the statistical information resulting from the above activities, for the activities falling under the competence of public administration control of pollution sources and factors research activities aimed at supporting its functions technical-scientific support to the activities of state, regional and local bodies with environmental management tasks.

6 The National System for Environmental Protection Article 6 Steering and coordination functions of ISPRA ISPRA s steering and technical coordination functions are aimed at making the activities of the national system homogeneous from the technical point of view and are carried out with the contribution and participation of all the components of the system itself, within the Council of the National System.

7 The National System for Environmental Protection Article 6 (Steering and coordination functions of ISPRA) of Law No. 132/2016 sets out specific tasks for ISPRA such as: the definition of the essential levels of environmental technical performance (LEPTA) the definition of tools, operating procedures and periodicity and homogeneity criteria for carrying out control activities, to ensure periodic evaluation of examined data as well as the definition of methodologies for the collection, evaluation and analysis of environmental data the promotion and coordination of the National Network of laboratories also for the purpose of improving the quality of performed tests and finalizing the accreditation process of laboratories the coordination activities with the European Environment Agency and with European and international organizations competent in environmental matters, with specific reference to the activity of transferring environmental data and for the purpose of adapting to international standards

8 National List of Permits and Communications The territorial administration responsible for issuing ordinary and simplified permits transmits the relevant information to the Waste Register referred to in Article 189 of Legislative Decree 152/2006 Information transmission is carried out according to ISPRA standards The National list is accessible to the public:

9 Traceability of hazardous waste in Italy (article 17 of Directive 2008/98/EC) Traceability is guaranteed from production to final destination (recovery or disposal). Hazardous waste management must be carried out: a) in compliance with the obligations established within the Waste Traceability Control System (Sistri); b) in compliance with the obligations regarding the keeping of loading and unloading registers and the waste identification document. Information must be made available to competent authorities, upon request, during inspections.

10 Traceability of hazardous waste in Italy (article 17 of Directive 2008/98/EC) Loading and unloading register containing information on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of generated/managed waste Waste identification document accompanying waste transport Environmental Compulsory Declarations through which the quantities of waste generated, transported, brokered, disposed of, recovered and of waste collected by municipalities are annually declared For non hazardous waste generation, total exemption is envisaged for some specific producers and sectors (e.g. agro-industry, construction & demolition activities) and for all producers with fewer than 10 employees There are penalties for missing or incorrect compilation

11 Loading and unloading register Obliged subjects (any person who collects and transports waste on a professional basis, dealers or brokers, establishments and undertakings that carry out waste recovery and disposal operations, Consortia, undertakings and original producers of hazarodus and non-hazardous waste) fill in the register with the information below: Name and address Number and date of loading and unloading of the waste Origin of the waste, quantity and properties of the waste Specific destination of the waste and method of treatment used Reference to waste identification document other information. Loading and unloading registers must be endorsed and kept for a specific period of time. Register data are used for annual communication to the competent Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Craft and Agriculture.

12 Waste identification document Compiled by an authorized carrier, contains all the information relating to: producer and holder of the waste carrier recipient origin, type and quantity of the waste planned destination date and location of the route method of treatment (recovery or disposal operation) Waste identification document must be endorsed and drawn up in 4 copies, completed, dated and signed by the waste producer or holder, the carrier and the recipient. Copies of the document must be kept for 5 years.

13 Structure of Environmental Compulsory Declarations Waste Section (waste from industrial and economic activities) End of life Vehicles Section Packaging and packaging waste Section Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Section Municipal Waste Section

14 Trade Chambers Unioncame re Regions Data flow (Compulsory Declaration, questionnaires, targeted surveys ) Local Authorities TELEMATIC CATALOG EUROSTAT Municipalit ies Producers Facilities

15 Data source (1/3) Generation and management of municipal waste: Database of Environmental Compulsory Declarations (MUD) filled in annually by municipalities, companies or subjects which are obliged under article 189 of Legislative Decree No. 152 of 3 rd of April Questionnaires sent to public and private entities involved in the collection of information on waste management (regional and provincial agencies for environmental protection, regional, provincial and municipal authorities, establishments and undertakings). Data from the various sources are validated by means of targeted surveys and cross-checked with MUD database. Data are collected for each municipality and management facility, by individual Code of the European List of Waste (LoW) established by Decision 2000/532/EC.

16 Data source (2/3) Generation and management of industrial waste and waste from economic activities: Database of Environmental Compulsory Declarations (MUD) filled in annually by companies or subjects which are obliged under article 189 of Legislative Decree No. 152 of 3 rd of April For hazardous waste, the MUD database provides all relevant information as declaration is compulsory for all producers, with no exceptions. MUD database guarantees a data coverage close to 100%. Specific studies which involve the adoption of estimation methods are used to fill information gaps on non-hazardous waste information for certain producers. Concerning waste generation, data are collected at regional level by individual code of the European List of Waste. Concerning waste management, data are collected for each facility by individual code of the European List of Waste.

17 Data source (3/3) Estimation methods for generation of non-hazardous waste: Method 1: based on data regarding waste management, assuming that all waste generated is sent for disposal or recovery operations, with the exclusion of intermediate management phases (for example, total non-hazardous waste generation from construction and demolition and from human or animal health care and/or related research, and used tyres generation) Method 2: based on the definition of waste generation factors per employee (for example, total non-hazardous waste generation from manufacturing companies with fewer than 10 employees) Method 3: based on the definition of waste generation factors per unit of main product. For all the above-mentioned sectors, analyses are conducted at the level of individual codes of the European List of Waste (Decision 2000/532/EC). All materials managed as by-products according to Article 5 of Directive 2008/98/EC are excluded. Regional breakdown of the estimated quantities through further elaboration which also takes account of socio-economic indicators.

18 What is the role of ISPRA in data monitoring? ISPRA publishes annually a Report on municipal waste and a Report on non-municipal waste, providing a detailed and up-to-date picture on the generation and management of municipal waste and waste from economic activities in Italy. Through an effective and comprehensive system of knowledge on waste, the mentioned reports provide an objective, accurate and up-to-date framework of information, in support of the legislator to guide appropriate policies and to monitor their effectiveness, introducing, if necessary, corrective measures. ISPRA, every two years, processes and transmits to EUROSTAT data on the waste statistics pursuant to article 1 of Regulation (EC) no. 2150/2002. ISPRA monitors the achievement of recovery and recycling targets set out at Community and national level.

19 Hazardous waste generation in Italy, year 2015 Non-municipal hazardous waste Municipal hazardous waste Total hazardous waste Hazardous waste generation (tonnes) 9,097, ,761 9,236, % of the total hazardous waste generation is represented by non-municipal waste, the remaining 1.5% by municipal waste. Non-municipal hazardous waste represents 7% of the total non-municipal waste (132.4 million tonnes).

20 Non-municipal hazardous waste generation by economic activities, year 2015 waste treatment and remediation activities; 30.6% agriculture, forestry and fishing; 0.1% mining and quarrying; 0.2% manufacturing activities; 39.2% trade, transport and other activities; 20.1% public administration, education, human health; 2% construction; 3.8% water treatment and sewerage 2.2% electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; 1.8% Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

21 Percentage (%) 30 Non-municipal hazardous waste generation by chapter of the European list waste, year ,1 0,00 0,1 0,00 0,8 1,6 11,3 0,8 0,3 6,7 3,4 5,3 8,8 0,5 1,8 20,9 8,6 1,8 27,0 0,2 Chapter of the European List of Waste Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

22 Lombardia Veneto Piemonte Emilia Romagna Toscana Lazio Sicilia Campania Puglia Sardegna Friuli Venezia Giulia Liguria Calabria Umbria Marche Abruzzo Trentino Alto Adige Basilicata Molise Valle d'aosta Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017 Non-municipal hazardous waste generation by region (1.000*tonnes), year ,

23 Chapter of the European List of Waste Municipal hazardous waste generation by chapter of the European list of waste, year 2015 Municipal hazardous waste generation tonnes 08 (waste paint and varnish, waste printing toner) (waste hydraulic oils, waste engine gear and lubricating oils, waste of liquid fuels) 1, (waste packaging, absorbents and filter materials) 1, (WEEE, gas in pressure containers, batteries, waste containing oil) 1, (solvents, acids, alkalines, photochemicals, pesticides, WEEE, oil and fat, paint, inks, detergents, medicines, batteries and wood) 135,785 Total 139,761 83% of the total municipal hazardous waste generation is represented by waste electrical and electronic equipment

24 Hazardous waste sent for recovery operations (R1-R12) Hazardous waste sent for disposal operations (D1-D14) Hazardous waste in storage (R13) at the end of the year (31 st of December) Hazardous waste in storage (D15) at the end of the year (31 st of December) Hazardous waste management, Non-municipal hazardous waste year 2015 Municipal hazardous waste (tonnes) Total hazardous waste management 2,312, ,770 2,435,444 5,473,960 9,488 5,483, ,600 14, , , ,480 Hazardous waste exported 955, ,807 Hazardous waste imported 154, ,530 Total hazardous waste management 9,233, ,043 9,380,572

25 Hazardous waste balance by ISPRA Processing by code of the European list of waste (Decision 2000/532/EC) data as wet weight Including other treatment operations (R12, D8, D9, D13, D14) Including quantities in storage at the end of the year (R13, D15) Including exported hazardous waste quantities Excluding imported hazardous waste quantities According to ISPRA data balance, the quantity of hazardous waste managed in 2015 exceeds the quantity of hazardous waste generated by 1.6%.

26 Wastes not otherwise specified in the list 2.8% Non-municipal hazardous waste exported by chapter of the list of waste, year 2015 Waste from thermal processes 2.1% Waste from organic chemical processes 1.0% Other chapters 2.2% Construction and demolition waste 30.9% Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017 Wastes from waste management facilities 60.9% Data reported in the MUD database by the obliged subjects in accordance with current legislation

27 tonnes Non-municipal hazardous waste exported by recipient country, year 2015 Germany France Austria Switzerland Netherlands Sweden Poland Denmark Belgium Slovenia Other Countries Spain Czech Republic United Kingdom USA Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017 Data reported in the MUD database by the obliged subjects in accordance with current legislation

28 Recovery other than energy recovery 29% Management of exported non-municipal hazardous Energy Recovery 13% waste, year 2015 Disposal 58%

29 Wastes from petroleum refining 4.7% Wastes not otherwise specified in the list 2,5% Non-municipal hazardous waste imported by chapter of the list Wastes from chemical surface treatment and coating of metals and other materials 1.1% of waste, year 2015 Wastes risulting from exploration, mining, quarrying and physical chemical treatment of minerals 1.7% Other chapters 2.7% Waste oil and wastes of liquid fuels 17.2% Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017 Waste from thermal processes 70.2% Data reported in the MUD database by the obliged subjects in accordance with current legislation

30 tonnes Spain United Kingdom France Switzerland Germany Greece Belgium Other Countries Austria USA Slovenia China Poland Hungary Monaco Croatia Romania Bosnia-Herzegovina Czech Republic Netherlands Turkey Bulgaria Non-municipal hazardous waste imported by country of origin, year Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

31 1.000*tonnes Non-municipal hazardous waste management in Italy, year Total Recovery operation (R2-R12) Other disposal operation Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017 Storage by 31th dicember (R13-D15) Disposal in landfill Energy recovery Incineration on land Hazardous waste Non hazardous waste % of non-municipal waste managed in Italy is represented by non-hazardous waste, the remaining 6.2% by hazardous waste.

32 Non-municipal hazardous waste management in Italy, year 2015 Storage 7.6% Energy recovery 1.2% Recovery other than energy recovery 26.3% Other disposal operations 45.0% Incineration 4.6% Disposal to landfill 15.3% Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

33 Non-municipal non-hazardous waste management in Italy, year 2015 Other disposal operations 11.6% Incineration 0.5% Storage 11.0% Energy recovery 1.6% Disposal to landfill 7.8% Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017 Recovery other than energy recovery 67.6%

34 900 Recovery operations of non-municipal hazardous waste, year Year 2015 (1.000*tons) R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7+R8 R9 R12 R Fonte: ISPRA, Rapporto Rifiuti Speciali Edizione 2017

35 4.000 Disposal operations of non-municipal hazardous waste, year Year 2015 (1.000*tons) D1 D8 D9 D10 D13 D14 D Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

36 Non-municipal hazardous waste recovered by chapter of the list of waste, year 2015 Waste from thermal processes 20% Other chapters 11% Wastes from chemical surface treatment and coating of metals and other materials 4% Wastes from inorganic chemical processes 6% Construction and demolition wastes 4% Wastes not otherwise specified in the list 18% Waste oil and wastes of liquid fuels 17% Wastes from organic chemical processes 11% Wastes from waste management facilities 9% Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

37 Wastes from waste management facilities 29% Non-municipal hazardous waste disposed of, by chapter of the Wastes from human or animal health care 2% Other chapters 2% list of waste, year 2015 Waste from thermal processes 4% Wastes from chemical surface treatment and coating of metals and other materials 4% Waste oil and wastes of liquid fuels 4% Wastes from shaping and phisycal and mechanical surface treatment of metals and plastics 7% Construction and demolition wastes 8% Wastes not otherwise specified in the list 28% Wastes from organic chemical processes [PERCENTUALE] Source: ISPRA, Report on non-municipal waste Edition 2017

38 Thank you for your attention ISPRA, ISTITUTO SUPERIORE PER LA PROTEZIONE E LA RICERCA AMBIENTALE Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research Centro Nazionale per il Ciclo dei Rifiuti National Center for the Waste Cycle Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, Rome Phone: , Fax: