Projektarbeiten 2. Sem. MSc Bauing - FS 2018

Transcription

1 Leiter der Guillaume Habert Institut: Fachbereich: Anzahl Themen: Institute of Construction & Infrastructure Management Sustainable Construction 8 Themen direkt auf der Website der Professur/des Instituts veröffentlicht Link:

2 Titel der Variability in cement and construction aggregates water footprint due to different production routes Yazmin Lisbeth Mack Vergara The selection of materials supported by environmental criteria is fundamental for the management of sustainability in the construction sector. Regarding water consumption, the ISO standard defines water footprint as metric(s) that quantifies the potential environmental impacts related to water. Within the same material, we may have different production routes. i.e. the same 1 kg of cement could be produced by dry process, wet process, etc. The same for aggregates. Different production routes may result in different water consumption for the same product. Therefore, potential environmental impacts results should not be generalized for the same material if it is produced in different ways. Goal: To study variability in water footprint for the same material produced by different technological routes. Main Tasks: Different production routes for cement and aggregates will be studied. The water inventory for each production route will be collected. The water footprint of each case will be assessed. The water footprint of 1m3 of concrete will be calculated, using different production routes for the concrete components cement and aggregates. Results will be compared to observe variability. What someone will learn if they do the project: Water footprint concept and methodologies, cement and aggregates production routes, variability in potential environmental impacts due to technological routes. What will be considered a successful project: Discussion and conclusions on the results demonstrating understanding of the water footprint concept, production routes and variability. Basic knowledge of LCA, discussion with the supervisors before registration, interest in sustainability of the built environment, English. 2

3 Anzahl: 2 3

4 Titel der where are the leverage option for building material producers? Yazmin Lisbeth Mack Vergara The objective of the project is to identify the foreground and background processes for main building materials. This separation allows to identify which processes contribute more to environmental impacts and to which industry they belong. Can the industry act on it or does it belong to some processes where the industry has no grasp on it. This project provides the base for developing a simplified LCA without losing relevant representativeness of the inventory data and/or significantly changing the results of the LCIA. Goal: The goal of this project is to separate foreground processes from the background processes in the ecoinvent processes for main building materials. Main tasks: The first task will be to go through a sample of the ecoinvent processes related to the construction industry and to separate foreground processes (data) and background processes (data). Then, the industry to which each process belongs should be identified. What someone will learn if they do the project: Knowledge about life cycle inventory analysis. Innovative simplified LCA approach. Knowledge about technological routes for main building materials. What will be considered a successful project: identification of foreground and background processes for main building materials. Identification of the industries to which each process belongs. Discussion and conclusions on the results demonstrating understanding of life cycle inventory analysis, production routes and variability. Anzahl: 4

5 Basic knowledge of LCA and building material. interest in sustainability of the built environment, English. 5

6 Titel der Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for low industrialized products modelled with Ecoinvent database Yazmin Lisbeth Mack Vergara For low-industrialized materials such as bamboo which are often produced in rural communities with low quality control, combined with spatial variation of biodiversity and biomass, the potential variability of data is significant even for the same production route. The analysis based on the ecoinvent database will allow to identify building materials which will be highly sensitive to changes in country and to weak background data measurement. Goal: The goal of this project is to assess variability in the life cycle inventory of low industrialized materials such as earth, bamboo, straw as well as more conventional materials, such as bricks, or fibercement panels through an uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis on their production process. Main tasks: To collect data from different prouction routes for low industrialized materials available in Ecoinvent. To perform an uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis. To analyze and discuss the results. What someone will learn if they do the project: Knowledge about variability and uncertainties in life cycle inventory analysis. Knowledge about production routes for low industrialized materials. Knowledge about uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis. What will be considered a successful project: Consistent results from the sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Discussion and conclusions on the results demonstrating understanding of production routes and sources of variability and uncertainties. 6

7 Anzahl: 7

8 Titel der Artificial Intelligence for sustainable design Alexander Hollberg Computation power is steadily increasing and algorithms using neurol networks or other methods for machine learning are becoming more and more efficient. How can this great potential be used for the design of sustainable buildings? This master thesis/project should explore the potential of existing tools using artificial intelligence. A case study should be carried out using one of these tools to improve building designs regarding a combination of different aspects of sustainability, for example daylight availability, energy efficiency, embodied energy, etc. Anzahl: 2 Grasshopper and scripting skills would be beneficial 8

9 Titel der Building for the Future Life Cycle Assessment of buildings considering climate change Sasha Cisar Climate Change is already in certain locations a reality but current construction projects or standards for construction still plan for today s climate and not for future ones. The aim of the master project is to compare the environmental impacts of a building when the current climate is used during the next 60 years or when more realistic scenarios are considered. The student will use climate change predictions from BAFU and model the future energy demand (Heating/cooling) for a building in Zürich. Tangible outcomes could be insights on how to adapt planning and current standards for buildings to become future climate proof and therefore more resilient. Questions that need to be answered are if the climate becomes warmer, do we still need to insulate so much the new buildings or rather consider more shading protection measures? Anzahl: Useful skills: Mathematical modelling, energy modelling. Interest in CAD and life cycle assessment. 9

10 Titel der environmental and economic assessment of recycled asphalt pavement Guillaume Habert (ETH) and Lily Poulikakos (EMPA) asphalt roads need regular maintenance inducing a large amount of asphalt waste which are porblematic to landfil. Recent development at EMPA allow a complete recycling of asphalt into new asphalt, but it still involves chemical admixture and heating treatment. The objective of the project is to quantify the environmental and the economic impact of this recycling process in order to quantify the improvement compared to current process used in Switzerland. This project is done in collaboration with EMPA and companies involved in road maintenance which will provide field data for the assessment. Anzahl: Previous knowledge on road construction and interest for sustainability. 10

11 Titel der Reuse or recycle? that is the question Guillaume Habert (ETH) Alina Galimshina (ETH) Marc Angst (Insitu) What should we do, when a building is demolished? does it make sense to dismantle all the different part and try to reuse them as such in a new building or should we rather crush all components and recycle the different materials? The objective of the project is to explore the options that exists for the different building elements (windows, heating system, beams, ) and evaluate in which conditions it will make sense to reuse or to recycle from an environmental point of view. The project is based on an existing project in Winterthur where the architecture office insitu is building a new building by reusing most of the elements. The outcome is to show to demolition companies and designer office where are the main opportunities to reduce environmental impact of buildings by reusing existing building elements. Anzahl: interest in sustainability and reuse. 11

12 Titel der Digital fabrication and parametric Life Cycle Assessment Isolda Agustí Juan Alexander Hollberg The construction sector is responsible for a big share of global energy consumption, resource demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Research in digital fabrication is beginning to reveal its potential to improve the sustainability of the building sector. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework is commonly employed to evaluate the environmental performance of buildings. However, evaluations are performed too late in the design process and are only partially applicable to digital fabrication. Therefore, LCA-based evaluation methods need to be integrated in early stages of design, when they can infuence the final design. In conventional, this might be difficult as the quantification of the volume is only possible quite late, but in digital fabrication, the existance of a digital design allows an easy connection between design and LCA software. The goal of the Master project is the assessment of digitally fabricated building elements through the development of a design-integrated environmental evaluation method. The objective of the method is to integrate environmental criteria in the decision-making and optimization of digitally fabricated architecture. The tasks of the student will consist of the development of a LCA method for digitally fabricated building elements and the a parametric script in Grasshopper to apply it. Finally, a case study will be evaluated to prove applicability. Anzahl: 12

13 Knowledge in Rhino and grasshopper is required. Coding skills would be preferred. 13