COP9 Convention on Biodiversity. Contributions of Offshore Wind Energy to Preservation of Marine Biodiversity. Bonn, 29 May 2008

Transcription

1 COP9 Convention on Biodiversity Contributions of Offshore Wind Energy to Preservation of Marine Biodiversity

2 World Wind Energy Association Founded in July 2001 in Copenhagen, Denmark, Head Office since July 2003 in Bonn, Germany The Members: National associations, scientific institutes, companies, public bodies and individuals from currently 85 countries on all continents The Aims: Promoting the worldwide utilisation of wind energy by being a communication platform for all wind energy actors world-wide influencing national and international policies in favour of wind energy enhancing international technology transfer The Activities: World Wind Energy Conference 2008 Community Power: Kingston/Canada Several working groups (sust. guidelines, repowering, hybrid, education, CDM) Advising governments, international organisations, etc.

3 WWEA s international cooperation Cooperation with international organisations: WWEA has Special Consultative Status at UN, is observer at the UNFCCC, cooperates with further international organisations like UNEP, UNESCO, IEA, World Bank, etc WWEA is member of REN21 Steering Committee WWEA supports the initiative to create an International Renewable Energy Agency Cooperation with non-governmental organisations: WWEA has founded the International Renewable Energy Alliance with the International Solar Energy Society, the International Geothermal Association and the International Hydropower Association WWEA is member of the World Council for Renewable Energies WWEA is open for cooperation with all like-minded national, continental, international renewable energy associations/institutes etc.

4 WWEA s publications Publications: WWEA publishes the yearbook Wind Energy International. WWEA publishes website and CD with information about wind technology: WWEA cooperates with magazines New Energy and InWind Chronicle. WWEA has published Sustainability and Due Diligence Guidelines as a result of an international consultation process.

5 WWEA s members WWEA MAP

6 The starting point: Mankind needs Energy

7 Consequences of Fossil Energy Utilisation CO2 concentration at Mauna Loa, Hawaii 390 Global average temperature Source: IPCC

8 Consequences of Fossil Energy Utilisation Projections of future changes in climate Source: IPCC

9 The price gap: No level playing field Conventional Energies Subsidies: ~ billion!/year Climate disasters: : ~ 65 billion!

10 Emission free renewable energies like wind are the key technologies for environment protection and nature conservation through their contribution to - climate change mitigation - reduction of hazardous emissions (causing also increasing acidity of oceans) - avoiding hazardous conflicts around limited fossil resources

11 The Solution: Renewable Energy

12 more than 1,3 % of global electricity consumption 1250 MW installed offshore

13 Enercon E-112/126 Prototype: ,5/6 MW, 112/125 m diameter Wind turbines for offshore applications REpower M5 Protoype: November MW, 126 m diameter Multibrid M5000 Prototype: December MW, 116 m diameter

14 Offshore projects Source: Wind Service Holland

15 Offshore projects Operational Projects Under Construction Projects Turbines MW Projects MW Denmark U.K Netherlands !! Sweden !! Finland !! Ireland !! Spain !! Germany China 1 1 2!! Japan 1 2 1!! France!!! Belgium!!! 1 30 Total Source: Wind Service Holland

16 Germany: MW in different planning stages Source:

17 Offshore wind farms and birds: Main risk: barrier effects, direct collision, loss of habitat. Studies at existing offshore wind farms in Sweden and Denmark show little impact on migrating birds, practically no collisions

18 Offshore wind farms and mammals: Mainly concerns about disturbance during construction period (causing noise) but only little practical experience.

19 Offshore wind farms and fish: Not indications of major negative impacts, could even be positive. more research is necessary and will be done.

20 WWEA Sustainability Guidelines Wind farms can have a number of environmental impacts that need to be identified early and avoided, mitigated, or compensated. Effective environmental management over the life of the wind farm should ensure sustainable operation of the facility. Crucial in this process is the effectiveness of the initial environmental impact assessment. [ ] WWEA s policy position is that Environmental Assessments (EAs) should be applied at the project level. EAs should take account of relevant higher-level national and/or regional policies and strategic assessments, including assessments already completed for potential wind farm sites. Initial screening should be conducted to determine if a project is likely to have significant effects on the environment by virtue of its nature, size or location. EAs should be conducted for all on or offshore wind power projects that have the potential for significant impacts on the environment. EAs should be based on good science and factual information. They should be relevant to the scale and nature of the project in question and factor in existing information. [ ] WWEA believes that wind power operators, as well as manufacturers of associated equipment, should adopt internationally recognised environmental management systems (such as ISO 14001).

21 Social aspects: Local communities should be involved in wind projects to maximise social and economic benefits and to reduce negative environmental impacts due to greater degree of responsibility.

22 Conclusion: There is still a lot of additional research necessary. and Existing studies indicate that negative impacts can be minimised, given that there is a thorough planning process including appropriate siting.

23 Holistic approaches are necessary considering the beneficial and adverse impacts of offshore windfarms on the environment.

24 Websites with more information: Wind technology: Overview offshore wind international: Germany:

25 The crying need therefore is to look for renewable energy that alone can ensure sustainable development. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, President of India, 6 November 2006, during WWEC 2006

26 Join the World of Wind Energy See you in Kingston/Canada, June