Energy Efficient Building Systems and the Innovation Hub

Transcription

1 Energy Regional Innovation Cluster Energy Efficient Building Systems and the Innovation Hub Ron Lewis Technology Development Manager Building Technologies Program Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy February 22, 2010 Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center Washington, DC 1

2 Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) EERE works to strengthen our nation s energy security, environmental quality, and economic vitality through public-private partnerships that: Enhance energy efficiency and productivity Bring clean, reliable and affordable energy technologies to the marketplace Make a difference in the everyday lives of Americans by enhancing their energy choices and their quality of life 2

3 40% of all the primary energy consumed in the United States is used to operate buildings 3

4 Total Buildings Energy Consumption HVAC (space heating, space cooling, and ventilation): 31.4% Lighting: 14.1% Water heating: 8.6% ---> Air conditioning is a key driver of peak electricity demand. Ventilation, 1.5% Cooking, 2.3% Computers, 2.7% Wet clean, 3.1% Refrigeration, 5.2% Adjust to SEDS, 8.1% Other, 17.3% Electronics, 7.2% Total: 41.0 Quads Space heating, 20.0% Lighting, 14.1% Space cooling, 9.9% Water heating, 8.6% Source: 2009 Buildings Energy Data Book 4

5 Residential & Commercial Buildings Primary Energy Consumption Residential Commercial Other, 4.1 Space heating, 6.2 Lighting, 3.5 Appliances and MELs, 4.8 Lighting, 2.3 Total: 22.3 Quads Water heating, 2.5 Space cooling, 2.5 Other, 6.3 Appliances and MELs, 3.6 Total: 18.8 Quads Space heating, 2.1 Electronics, 1.7 Space cooling, 1.6 Source: 2009 Buildings Energy Data Book 5

6 Residential Buildings Energy Consumption Heating, cooling, water heating, refrigeration = 71% (site), 56% (primary) Lighting = 6.2% (site), 11% (primary) Electronics, computers, other = 23% (site), 34% (primary) Space conditioning dominates residential energy use. Source: 2009 Buildings Energy Data Book 6

7 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Heating, cooling, water heating, refrigeration = 38% (site), 29% (primary) Lighting = 13% (site), 19% (primary) Electronics, computers, other = 24% (site), 29% (primary) Data mis-match = 20% (site), 18% (primary) Space conditioning is largest fraction of commercial energy use; lighting is a major contributor; large other category. Source: 2009 Buildings Energy Data Book 7

8 Building Technologies Program (BTP) Works to improve the efficiency of buildings and the equipment, components, and systems within them by partnering with industry, state and local governments, national laboratories, and universities to support research and development activities and to provide tools, guidelines, training, and access to technical and financial resources. The U.S. has many opportunities for energy and cost savings in its buildings. BTP is leading the way with advanced technologies and zero energy building design. 8

9 BTP Related Activities Solid State Lighting Research DOE's solid-state lighting portfolio activities target improvements in the efficiency, performance, lifetime, and quality of light from both organic and inorganic light emitting diodes. Building America Building America forms research partnerships with all facets of the residential building industry to improve the quality and energy efficiency of homes. The goal is to develop cost effective solutions that reduce the average energy use of housing by 40% to 100%. Ultimately, Building America research will lead to net zero energy homes, which produce as much energy as they use. Net-Zero Energy Commercial Building Initiative The Net-Zero Energy Commercial Building Initiative aims to achieve marketable net-zero energy commercial buildings by Net-zero energy buildings generate as much energy as they consume through efficiency technologies and on-site power generation. The Net-Zero Energy Commercial Building Initiative encompasses all activities that support this goal including industry partnerships, research, and tool development. 9

10 The Energy Efficient Building Systems Hub 10

11 What is a HUB? Large set of investigators spanning multiple disciplines such as science, engineering, architecture, policy, etc., focused on a single critical national need Robust linkage to industry bridging the gap between basic scientific breakthroughs and commercialization Management structure that allows empowered scientist-managers to execute quick decisions to shape the course of research 11

12 What is the single national need? Approximately 40% of all the primary energy consumed in the United States is used to operate buildings Energy consumption by buildings grew by almost 50% from 1980 to 2006 Electricity consumption grew by over 90% in the same time Increased pressure on the electric grid Increased need to transport coal, oil and gas Increased reliance on imported sources of energy Increased green house gas emissions resulting from increased energy consumption WE MUST REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN BUILDINGS 12

13 Focused on fixing the problem President Obama went to the Copenhagen meeting of world leaders to state his commitment for reducing green house gas emissions and to challenge others to do likewise. Secretary Chu went to Congress with his urgency for addressing the energy and climate problems and his vision for producing substantial results. The E-RIC initiative supports those actions and has been discussed within DOE with reflections on the importance of the Manhattan Project and other historic accomplishments during times of great need. The outcomes from this initiative will contribute greatly toward solving the energy and climate problems and may be the genesis of new regional job and economy growth opportunities in the spirit of Silicon Valley and the Research Triangle. 13

14 Call for cooperation, commitment and results Remember the Olympics basketball Dream Team The HUB needs the right talent in the right roles that understand they are part of a bigger team that only wins if they score big Need to assemble the team, define the problems to be solved, inventory what we know, establish a game plan for filling the knowledge gaps, etc., etc., etc. and Work with industry and commercialization experts to assure success in achieving energy savings and GHG reductions 14

15 Observations and experiences DOE facilitated appliances of the future activities in 2002 Interactivity with the grid and with external services Close proximity of appliances shedding heat and needing heat Consumer confusion with technology results in perceptions of defects and returned products Industry experience Building standardization issues One size fits all for reconfiguring space Purchasing power Maintenance inventory with minimum SKUs Payback myopia Last phase of construction risks Funny but not - Importance of commissioning 15

16 Beyond gadgets and reports Pursuing advances in basic building science and technology: Basic materials science Improved thermoelectrics, dynamic water-transport membranes, non-ghg refrigerants, insulation Cheap, robust sensor suites Self-powering /scavenging, wireless, retrofittable, mesh-based, multi-parameter Advanced simulation techniques Full computational tracking and analysis of heat, liquids, gases, power through entire building 16

17 Building systems integration Intelligent zoned heating and cooling Sensor systems to track/anticipate movement; scalable, distributed heating/cooling systems; ductless systems Improved air economizers Appropriate use of outside air; monitoring and integration with building HVAC Energy scavenging/waste heat recovery Potential power source for distributed sensors; core technology advances in thermoelectrics Improved distribution systems District heating systems; self-repairing ductwork; enhanced distribution insulation Integrated space heating/cooling and water heating Integrated heat pump water heaters and space conditioning; integrated waste heat scavenging and conversion Integrated daylighting/lighting/active fenestration Coordinated sensor systems and variable-control windows/skylights; integrated initial daylighting design Improved integration with the electrical grid Working within the DOE/NIST smart grid framework; bi-directional flow for distributed storage systems, external data exchange for devices and controllers 17

18 Additional considerations and needs Economics Address issues such as driver and incentive disconnects between building owners, builders, and occupants AND establish energy efficiency financial instruments for mortgages, property valuations and building performance based compensation Behavior Science How do we get buy-in and positive actions from all parties from buyers purchasing patterns to occupants turning off computers, lights and entertainment devices including TVs when leaving a room Regulatory Issues Find solutions to possible obstacles with limited flexibility or knowledge from permitting of construction to state and local building codes AND address code development, enforcement and training 18

19 Cradle to grave care and handling Integrating the building lifecycle process and stakeholder communities: Tools to integrate design, construction, commissioning and operation IT systems to allow designers and future operators to collaborate during all phases Tools to transfer and record full-lifecycle data on building history Incorporate information on design, materials, and operations 19

20 The many faces of opportunities Commercial Buildings New construction Major renovation Retrofits Residential Buildings New construction Major renovation Retrofits 20

21 Coordination with other activities Hub work should be innovative Hub work should complement & enhance future ARPA-E efforts in buildings Hub work should complement & enhance current and future DOE efforts 21

22 Thank You! 22