Module 3: Asbestos. 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program.

Transcription

1 Module 3: Asbestos 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program

2 Module Overview Asbestos Overview of asbestos Federal and State laws regulating asbestos Building Demolition Abatement and Cleanup Disposal Regulations Investigating Asbestos-Contaminated Superfund Sites Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) Asbestos Removal Action Case Study 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-1

3 Overview of Asbestos Asbestos is a naturally fibrous mineral that is used in many applications for its fire resistance, noise insulation and electrical insulation properties There are two general forms of asbestos: serpentine and amphibole Asbestos is often contained in buildings that are being demolished or renovated. It may also be present in contaminated media and native soils (e.g., naturally occurring asbestos (NOA)) Inhalation of airborne asbestos fibers increases the risk of cancer 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-2

4 Sources of Asbestos asbestos-cement corrugated sheet asbestos-cement flat sheet asbestos-cement pipe asbestos-cement shingle roof coatings flooring felt pipeline wrap roofing felt asbestos clothing non-roof coatings vinyl/asbestos floor tile automatic transmission components clutch facings disc brake pads drum brake linings brake blocks commercial and industrial asbestos friction products sheet and beateradd gaskets (except specialty industrial) commercial, corrugated and specialty paper Millboard 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-3

5 Federal Laws Regulating Asbestos EPA primarily regulates asbestos under: AHERA under TSCA NESHAP under CAA OSHA and DOT CERCLA authority and limitations 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-4

6 State Laws Regulating Asbestos States generally regulate asbestos under their: Air pollution control division Waste management division 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-5

7 Building Demolition Inspect the building for presence of regulated ACM (i.e., NESHAP 1% Rule) Notify State of asbestos abatement activities. Use licensed abatement contractors Must follow required procedures related to removing and packaging asbestos for disposal; and Specific work practices to be implemented to prevent releases of asbestos fibers to the air Ensure OSHA regulations are met Health and Safety Plan 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-6

8 Standards Pertaining to Demolition or Renovation Activities Requirements to prevent airborne spread of ACM include: Wetting Local exhaust ventilation Negative pressure enclosures Glove-bag procedures High-efficiency particulate arresting (HEPA) filters 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-7

9 Disposal of ACM NESHAP and DOT regulations address packaging and labeling of asbestos for disposal Transportation of ACM must prevent leakage or emissions Non-friable asbestos is accepted for disposal by many landfills as long as the landfill operator is contacted for approval prior to disposal Some landfills choose not to accept any asbestoscontaining materials for disposal If construction or demolition debris is commingled with any friable asbestos material, it all must be disposed of as asbestos-contaminated debris 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-8

10 Investigating Asbestos-Contaminated Superfund Sites NESHAP 1% rule is not used to determine potential human health threats A risk based, site specific action level should be used based on OSWER Directive Guidance is not appropriate for addressing asbestos in schools, building demolition, or naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program 3-9

11 Recommended Asbestos Site Framework Source: Framework for Investigating Asbestos-Contaminated Superfund Sites, September th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program

12 Determining Exposure to Asbestos Identify exposure pathways of concern Airborne concentrations of asbestos are measured using Activity-Based Sampling and stationary sampling Presence of high-level sources Consideration of background 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program

13 Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) Includes fibrous minerals found in certain types of rock formations. CERCLA limitations on response Some States may have regulations or guidance Approaches for mitigating exposures to NOA Leave NOA material in place and undisturbed Cover or cap NOA material Limit dust generating activities Excavate and dispose of NOA material 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program

14 Asbestos Removal Action Case Study North Ridge Estates Asbestos Site Background Sources and Types of Asbestos Contamination Cleanup Standards Proposed Actions ARARs 15 th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program