Ecohydrology. Philippe CHOLER Staff scientist at CNRS (University of Grenoble - France)
|
|
|
- Laurel Walters
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Ecohydrology Philippe CHOLER Staff scientist at CNRS (University of Grenoble - France)
2 Outline of the lectures Lecture 1 1. What is ecohydrology? 2. The "green" water flow in the global water cycle Reading Discussion : Jung, M., et al Recent decline in the global land evapotranspiration trend due to limited moisture supply. - Nature 467: Lecture 2 3. The soil water balance 4. Processes and models of dryland dynamics Reading Discussion : Good, S. P. and Caylor, K. K Climatological determinants of woody cover in Africa. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108: Lecture 3 4. Processes and models of dryland dynamics (continued) 4. Ecology of snow-covered ecosystems
3 . What is ecohydrology? Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013)
4 Water is life Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013) Source :
5 The habitable zone (HZ) Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013) Source :
6 Water phase diagram Point critique 374 C atm 25 C, 80% RH, p w 2530 Pa 5 C, 20% RH, p w 174 Pa Enthalpies de changement d'état: Fusion 6kJ mol-1 Ebullition 40.7 kj mol-1 Enthalpies de changement d'état: Fusion 6kJ mol-1 Vaporisation 40.7 kj mol-1 solid precipitation liquid precipitation
7 Dependence of the HZ to atmospheric effects Habitability (h) : mean fraction of the planet s surface on which liquid water could exist. Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013) Source: Vladilo G., et al. (2013) Astrophysical Journal, 767.
8 Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013)
9 The water balance Precipitation Rainfalls (P) Evapo- Transpiration (E T ) "Blue" water "Green" water Bassin versant Watershed river basin vapor Partitioning 1 Runoff vs. Soil infiltration R1 Surface (R1) & Subsurface (R2) Runoff - Ruissellement (R) Partitioning 2 Evapotranspiration vs. groundwater recharge R2 Groundwater Streamflow temporally lagged, spatial integral of runoff over a river basin Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013)
10 Blue and green water (FAO, 1995, 1997) Blue water flow is the visible liquid water flow moving above and below the ground as surface or sub-surface runoff, respectively Green water flow is the invisible flow of vapour to the atmosphere Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013) Source: Falkenmark M. & Rockstrom J. (2004). Earthscan.
11 Coupling between water and energy balance Flux radiatif net (R N ) (Net Radiation) Rayonnement net "Green" water Flux de chaleur Latente (H L ) (Latent Heat Flux) Flux de chaleur Sensible (H) (Sensible Heat Flux) Flux de chaleur dans le sol (H G ) (Ground Heat Flux) radiation convection conduction T a T s Apport d'énergie Pertes d'énergie Principe de conservation de l'énergie (valeurs moyennes sur une période t) R N = H + H L + H G H L = E T E T évapotranspiration : en kg m -2 s -1 d eau échangée : chaleur latente de vaporisation de l'eau (latent heat of vaporization of water).
12 Example of daily time course of fluxes (J s -1 m -2 ) Flux d énergie échangés au-dessus d'un champ d'avoine (énergie par unité de temps et de surface) (d'après Long & al 1964) Le jour, une très large part de l énergie incidente est utilisée pour l évapotranspiration
13 Stomatal control of leaf water and carbon fluxes Phénomènes diffusifs régis par la loi de Fick Transpiration (T) T= g tot,h2o (e i -e a )/P atm e x pression partielle de vapeur d'eau (chambre sous-stomatique, surface foliaire, atmosphère) Ci e i g tot,h20 : conductance stomatique à la vapeur d'eau Assimilation nette (An) Cs An = g tot,co2 (Ca - Ci)/P atm Ca CO 2 e s e a H 2 O couche limite Cx pression partielle de CO 2 (chambre sous-stomatique, surface foliaire, atmosphère) g CO2 conductance stomatique au CO 2
14 Coupling between water and carbon cycles CO 2 H 2 O A perfect anti-correlation between measurements of CO 2 and water vapor concentration is predicted if exchanges are only controlled by stomata (Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory) WUE : Water Use Efficiency = An / T Source: Scanlon T.M. & Kustas W.P. (2010) Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150,
15 Coupling between soil moisture and precipitation Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013) Source: Koster R.D., et al. (2004) Science, 305,
16 Vegetation-climate feedbacks Water -> Vegetation 1. Water controls large scale plant distribution patterns 2. Water controls establishment, growth and reproduction of plants Vegetation -> Water 1. Vegetation changes surface attributes that govern water and energy partitioning (albedo, roughness, soil moisture, infiltration capacity) 2. Vegetation contributes to precipitation recycling (i.e. the fraction of precipitation that comes from evapotranspired soil water) Plant responses to precipitation in semi-arid grasslands
17 Bridging diversity sciences and earth sciences Biosphère Atmosphère Hydrosphère Cryosphère Géosphère
18 Anthropogenic impacts on water balance Anthroposphere demographic & socio-economic changes Land use and land management changes Anthropenic climate change Biosphère Atmosphère Hydrosphère Cryosphère Géosphère Increasing water demand Soil erosion & degradation
19 A working definition of Ecohydrology To understand the interactions and feedbacks between hydrological and ecological processes at multiple temporal and spatial scales To understand the dynamics and the functioning of hydroecosystems To give clues for a sustainable use of natural ressources
20 Key issues in ecohydrology Vegetation patterns in relation to water availability? Biophysical processes that account for these patterns? Impact of climate and land use changes on the coupled hydrological and ecological processes? Incorporating vegetation dynamic in hydrological models?... over a range temporal scales : from diurnal to multi-decadal timescales.... over a range of spatial scales : from the plant organ to watershed and regional scales. Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013)
21 Advanced readings Burba, G. G. and Verma, S. B Prairie growth, PAR albedo and seasonal distribution of energy fluxes. - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 107: Falkenmark, M. and J. Rockstrom Balancing Water for Humans and Nature: The New Approach in Ecohydrology. Earthscan. Hannah, D. M., et al Ecohydrology and hydroecology: A new paradigm'? - Hydrological Processes 18: Koster, R. D., et al Regions of strong coupling between soil moisture and precipitation. - Science 305: Rietkerk, M., et al Multiscale soil and vegetation patchiness along a gradient of herbivore impact in a semiarid grazing system in West Africa. - Plant Ecol. 148: Scanlon, T. M. and Kustas, W. P Partitioning carbon dioxide and water vapor fluxes using correlation analysis. - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 150: Vladilo, G., et al TThe habitable zone of earth-like planets with different levels of atmospheric pressure. - Astrophysical Journal 767: Fundamentals of Ecohydrology (Philippe CHOLER CNRS France). Wuwei (09/2013)
CEE6400 Physical Hydrology
CEE6400 Physical Hydrology Midterm Review Learning Objectives (what you should be able to do) Hydrologic data, the hydrologic cycle and water balance (HW 1) Work with hydrologic data, quantify uncertainty
Lecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle
Lecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle Water Flow in Soils Types of Water Flow in Soil Saturated flow: Soil pores completely filled with water; controlled by the hydrostatic potential After
Introduction. Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program. Courses:
Introduction Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program Courses: AGSM 335: Soil and Water Management BAEN 460: Principals of Environmental Hydrology BAEN 460 / AGSM 335 Combined lecture and HW sessions
Mission. Selected Accomplishments from Walnut Gulch. Facilities. To develop knowledge and technology to conserve water and soil in semi-arid lands
USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center Mission Sound Science for Watershed Decisions To develop knowledge and technology to conserve water and soil in semi-arid lands ARS Watershed Locations Selected
BAEN 673 / February 18, 2016 Hydrologic Processes
BAEN 673 / February 18, 2016 Hydrologic Processes Assignment: HW#7 Next class lecture in AEPM 104 Today s topics SWAT exercise #2 The SWAT model review paper Hydrologic processes The Hydrologic Processes
The Hydrological Cycle. Hydrological Cycle. Definition of Terms. Soils and Water, Spring Lecture 7, The Hydrological Cycle 1
The Hydrological Cycle Water vapor helps warm up the earth Evaporation+Transpiration Chemical Spill Runoff To Oceans Water potential, atmosphere Hydrological Cycle Transpiration, T Atmospheric pool Interception
Lecture 1 Integrated water resources management and wetlands
Wetlands and Poverty Reduction Project (WPRP) Training module on Wetlands and Water Resources Management Lecture 1 Integrated water resources management and wetlands 1 Water resources and use The hydrological
Water initiatives at the University of Bonn
Water initiatives at the University of Bonn Current situation and outlook Bernd Diekkrüger Department of Geography Bonn is a city at the river Rhine and suffers from floods and droughts Research projects
Land Ecosystems and Climate a modeling perspective
Land Ecosystems and Climate a modeling perspective Samuel Levis Community Land Model Science Liaison Terrestrial Sciences Section, CGD, ESSL, NCAR 12 August 2009 Why the Land? the land surface is a critical
1.6 Influence of Human Activities and Land use Changes on Hydrologic Cycle
1.6 Influence of Human Activities and Land use Changes on Hydrologic Cycle Watersheds are subjected to many types of changes, major or minor, for various reasons. Some of these are natural changes and
Definitions 3/16/2010. GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology
GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology Definitions Streamflow volume of water in a river passing a defined point over a specific time period = VxA discharge m 3 s -1 Runoff excess precipitation - precipitation
LARGE SCALE SOIL MOISTURE MODELLING
Soil Moisture Workshop LARGE SCALE SOIL MOISTURE MODELLING Giuseppe Formetta, Vicky Bell, and Eleanor Blyth giufor@nerc.ac.uk Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK Wednesday 25 th January 2017
Hydrologic Cycle. Water Availabilty. Surface Water. Groundwater
Hydrologic Cycle Hydrologic ydoogccyce cycle Surface Water Groundwater Water Availabilty 1 Hydrologic Cycle Constant movement of water above, on, and, below the earth s surface (Heath) Endless circulation
Climate-Vegetation Feedbacks
Climate-Vegetation Feedbacks a) Regional scale: Coupling selforganising sysems b) How to use climate models for paleo reconstructions (Brian Dermody) c) Continental scale Climate-Biosphere Feedbacks Positive
Terrestrial Net Primary Productivity - introduction
TNPP Lancaster Dec 2013 Terrestrial Net Primary Productivity - introduction E Tipping Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Lancaster UK Background In current UK-based research projects within the NERC BESS and
Factors affecting evaporation 3/16/2010. GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology. Several factors affect the rate of evaporation from surfaces:
GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology Some definitions Evaporation conversion of a liquid to a vapour Transpiration that part of evaporation which enters the atmosphere through plants Total Evaporation
The evaluation of coupled WRF + Noah-MP and 1-d offline Noah-MP at the FLUXNET sites over Canada
The evaluation of coupled WRF + Noah-MP and 1-d offline Noah-MP at the FLUXNET sites over Canada Yanping Li, Liang Chen Univ of Saskatchewan Fei Chen, NCAR Alan Barr, Environment Canada I. The calibration
Hydromorphologic Scientific and Engineering Challenges for 2050
Chapter 37 Hydromorphologic Scientific and Engineering Challenges for 2050 ABSTRACT Richard M. Vogel By the year 2050, the hydrologic cycle will be influenced by changes in climate, water use, land use,
National Wildlife Federation Eco-Schools USA
ATMOSPHERE GLOBE student data within the Atmosphere investigation aids scientific understanding of spatial gaps in air temperature and precipitation coverage by weather monitoring stations, important data
NREM 407/507 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Day 2
NREM 407/507 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT 1-15-09 - Day 2 1. Review Hydrologic Cycle Terminology/Model 2. Summarize Differences Cropfield vs Perennial Watershed 3. Tues Lab Develop International River PPT bring
SNAMP water research. Topics covered
SNAMP water research SNAMP water team UC Merced Topics covered Objectives, goals & overview What & why the water component of SNAMP Pre-treatment Observations Water Quality Water Quantity Modeling & Scenarios:
1.2 The Earth System s Four Spheres
EXIT CHAPTER. A New View of Earth.2 The Earth System s Four Spheres.3 Cycles and the Earth CHAPTER OUTLINE Earth system science model system closed system. A New View of Earth Technological advances and
3/1/18 USING RADAR FOR WETLAND MAPPING IMPORTANCE OF SOIL MOISTURE TRADITIONAL METHODS TO MEASURE SOIL MOISTURE. Feel method Electrical resistance
3/1/18 USING RADAR FOR WETLAND MAPPING SOIL MOISTURE AND WETLAND CLASSIFICATION Slides modified from a presentation by Charlotte Gabrielsen for this class. Southeast Arizona: Winter wet period From C.
The water balance of the Betwa basin, India / Le bilan hydrologique du bassin versant de Betwa en Inde
Hydrological Sciences Bulletin ISSN: - (Print) (Online) ournal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/thsj The water balance of the Betwa basin, India / Le bilan hydrologique du bassin versant de Betwa
Anthropogenic Influences and Their Impact on Global Climate
Anthropogenic Influences and Their Impact on Global Climate By Ria Detmer GEO 387H Professor Yang November 18, 2008 Abstract Scientist has raised some concerns with the current rise of temperature throughout
Climate change and the Ecohydrology of Australia: Future Research Needs
Climate change and the Ecohydrology of Australia: Future Research Needs Derek Eamus (and 16 others) Institute for Water and Environmental Resource Management (IWERM), UTS The question Modified wording:
Introduction to a MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Algorithm Qiaozhen Mu Maosheng Zhao Steven W. Running
Introduction to a MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Algorithm Qiaozhen Mu Maosheng Zhao Steven W. Running Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, Dept. of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences,
Vegetation-precipitation coupling in the tropics: challenges and opportunities
Vegetation-precipitation coupling in the tropics: challenges and opportunities Dr. Benjamin R. Lintner (PI) Assistant Professor Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New
SUSTAINABLE LAND USE. A New Paradigm in
Marco Schmidt A New Paradigm in SUSTAINABLE LAND USE The global change in land use and its impact on the hydrology reduces evaporation and precipitation rates and releases heat. In urban areas, the priority
Hydrological Feedbacks in Tropical African Wetlands
Hydrological Feedbacks in Tropical African Wetlands Simon Dadson University of Oxford (simon.dadson@ouce.ox.ac.uk) Key challenges Linking across scales: can we predict the hydrological response to climate
Hydrologic cycle, runoff process
Hydrologic cycle, runoff process Motivation of hydrological modelling What happens at the catchment and in the stream when it rains? How does the increased/decreased runoff affect (not only) the landowners
Representing the Integrated Water Cycle in Community Earth System Model
Representing the Integrated Water Cycle in Community Earth System Model Hong-Yi Li, L. Ruby Leung, Maoyi Huang, Nathalie Voisin, Teklu Tesfa, Mohamad Hejazi, and Lu Liu Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Lecture 1: Hydrologic cycle
1-1 GEOG415 Lecture 1: Hydrologic cycle Hydrologic cycle is ultimately driven by solar radiation, which evaporates water from the ocean and lift it up in the atmosphere. Dunne & Leopold, 1978, Fig. 1-1
WATER AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
WATER AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE Summary Water is essential for the support of life and can be considered as a fundamental environmental good. Water is needed to support human habitation, grow crops and
Ch 18. Hydrologic Cycle and streams. Tom Bean
Ch 18. Hydrologic Cycle and streams Tom Bean Wednesday s outline 1. the hydrologic cycle reservoirs cycling between them Evaporation and the atmosphere 2. Surface hydrology infiltration and soil moisture
An Overview of JULES. Christina Bakopoulou
An Overview of JULES Christina Bakopoulou JULES, MOSES AND TRIFFID JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) is a new land surface model Joint initiative: NERC through the CEH, CLASSIC, QUEST and the
4) Ecosystem Feedbacks from Carbon and Water Cycle Changes
4) Ecosystem Feedbacks from Carbon and Water Cycle Changes Summary: Climate change can affect terrestrial and marine ecosystems which in turn has impacts on both the water and carbon cycles and then feeds
M.L. Kavvas, Z. Q. Chen, M. Anderson, L. Liang, N. Ohara Hydrologic Research Laboratory, Civil and Environmental Engineering, UC Davis
Assessment of the Restoration Activities on Water Balance and Water Quality at Last Chance Creek Watershed Using Watershed Environmental Hydrology (WEHY) Model M.L. Kavvas, Z. Q. Chen, M. Anderson, L.
Current understanding of global climate change and of its possible impacts on agriculture. Maurizio Sciortino.
Current understanding of global climate change and of its possible impacts on agriculture Maurizio Sciortino maurizio.sciortino@enea.it Outline 1. Scientific understanding of climate change The greenhouse
Unit 2: Weather Dynamics Chapter 1: Hydrological Cycle
UNIT 2 Chapter 1: Inquiring about Weather Unit 2: Weather Dynamics Chapter 1: Hydrological Cycle Science 10 Mrs. Purba Importance of H 2 O From the beginning of time when water first appeared, it has been
Carbon Fluxes in Tropical Dry Forests and Savannas: Human, Ecological and Biophysical Dimensions
Carbon Fluxes in Tropical Dry Forests and Savannas: Human, Ecological and Biophysical Dimensions Dr. Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta,
2.3 Water Budget Data In Ontario
2.3 Water Budget Data In Ontario Water budget data available for Ontario includes meteorologic data, hydrometric data and groundwater data. Geological and physiographical data provide information to describe
Effects of Land Cover Change on the Energy and Water Balance of the Mississippi River Basin
640 JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY VOLUME 5 Effects of Land Cover Change on the Energy and Water Balance of the Mississippi River Basin TRACY E. TWINE Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment,
SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
GEOLOGY 408/508 SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE CHAPTER 6 Brady & Weil, Rev. 14th ed. THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE (FIGURE 6.2) WATER BALANCE EQUATION Watershed - an area of land drained by a single stream system
Estimation of urbanization effects by a parallel cascades model
The influence of man on the hydrological regime with special reference to representative and experimental basins L'influence de l'homme sur le régime hydrologique avec référence particulière aux études
EC FLUXES: BASIC CONCEPTS AND BACKGROUND. Timo Vesala (thanks to e.g. Samuli Launiainen and Ivan Mammarella)
EC FLUXES: BASIC CONCEPTS AND BACKGROUND Timo Vesala (thanks to e.g. Samuli Launiainen and Ivan Mammarella) Scales of meteorological processes: Synoptic scale, ~ 1000 km (weather predictions, ~ day) Mesoscale,
Hydrology Review, New paradigms, and Challenges
Hydrology Review, New paradigms, and Challenges Intent quick introduction with emphasis on aspects related to watershed hydrochemistry and new paradigms Watershed / Catchment Definition Portion of landscape
Simulation of mesoscale patterns and diurnal variations of atmospheric CO 2 mixing ratios with the model system TerrSysMP-CO 2
Simulation of mesoscale patterns and diurnal variations of atmospheric CO 2 mixing ratios with the model system TerrSysMP-CO 2 CarboCount-CH final meeting Markus Übel Meteorological Institute, University
Piezometric Variations of Mikkes Groundwater Basin (MOROCCO)
Research Journal of Earth Sciences 3 (2): 45-49, 211 ISSN 1995-944 IDOSI Publications, 211 Piezometric Variations of Mikkes Groundwater Basin (MOROCCO) K. Belhassan Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences,
M.L. Kavvas, Z. Q. Chen, M. Anderson, L. Liang, N. Ohara Hydrologic Research Laboratory, Civil and Environmental Engineering, UC Davis
Assessment of the Restoration Activities on Water Balance and Water Quality at Last Chance Creek Watershed Using Watershed Environmental Hydrology (WEHY) Model M.L. Kavvas, Z. Q. Chen, M. Anderson, L.
Chapter 7 Simulating Terrestrial Systems
Chapter 7 Simulating Terrestrial Systems We have discussed the atmosphere, the ocean, and the sea ice that floats on top of the ocean. The remaining major component of the earth system is probably the
FINAL REPORT PHASE I VULNERABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES IN EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN ECOSYSTEMS
FINAL REPORT PHASE I VULNERABILITY OF WATER RESOURCES IN EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN ECOSYSTEMS 1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY... 3 1.1 OVERALL PROJECT GOAL AND STRUCTURE... 3 1.2 FOCUS REGIONS... 5 1.3 PARTNER
M. Tech Soil & Water Conservation Engineering
M. Tech Soil & Water Conservation Engineering Basic Supporting Courses S. No. Course Code Course Title L-T-P Credits 1. MAS 701 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 3-1-0 4 2. MAS 711 Statistics I 2-0-1 3
Closed Systems A closed system is a system in which energy, but not matter is exchanged with the surroundings.
2.2 Notes Objectives Compare an open system with a closed system. List the characteristics of Earth s four major spheres. Identify the two main sources of energy in the Earth system. Identify four processes
Watershed Hydrology. a) Water Balance Studies in Small Experimental Watersheds
Watershed Hydrology a) Water Balance Studies in Small Experimental Watersheds In order to characterize the geometry of the regolith as well as the directions of the fractures or fissures in the protolith,
Modeling catchment scale infiltration
Modeling catchment scale infiltration Serena Ceola, DICAM, University of Bologna Advanced Hydrology & Water Resources Management INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE: Understanding the processes and the methods for
Simple toolbox for worldwide topography based soils reclassification for initialization of SWAT
Simple toolbox for worldwide topography based soils reclassification for initialization of SWAT Daniel R. Fuka, Charlotte MacAlister, Solomon Seyoum, Todd Walter, Zachary Easton Cornell University IWMI
an ecosystem is a community of different species interacting with one another and with their nonliving environment of matter and energy
1 Ecocsystems: Energy Flow and Materials Cycling 2 EVPP 111 Lecture Dr. Largen Spring 2004 Energy Flow and Matter Cycling Energy flow s through ecosystems ecosystems global energy budget physical laws
OF THE CARBON CYCLE IN THE GEOLAND PROJECT
Integrated GMES Project on Landcover and Vegetation MODELLING OF THE CARBON CYCLE IN THE GEOLAND PROJECT Co-funded by the European Commission within the GMES initiative in FP-6 ECMWF Seminar project Contents
Application of SWAT Model in land-use. change in the Nile River Basin: A Review
Application of SWAT Model in land-use change in the Nile River Basin: A Review By: Marwa Ali, Okke Batelaan and Willy Bauwens 15-6-2011 Application of SWAT Model in land-use 1 change in the Nile River
CONTENTS. Introduction x
CONTENTS Introduction x Chapter 1: Climate 1 Solar Radiation and Temperature 2 The Distribution of Radiant Energy from the Sun 2 The Effects of the Atmosphere 3 Average Radiation Budgets 6 Surface-Energy
HS Hydrological Sciences (#EGU18HS) Orals Monday, 09 April
HS Hydrological Sciences (#EGU18HS) Orals Monday, 09 April MO1, 08:30 10:00 HS1.4, Advances in Diagnostics, Sensitivity, and Uncertainty Analysis of Earth and Environmental Systems Models, 08:30 15:00,
Chapter 13 of Agenda 21
Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 What is Agenda 21? Agenda 21 is the global plan of action that was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
Fluxes: measurements and modeling. Flux
Fluxes: measurements and modeling Schlesinger and Bernhardt Pg 135-150 Denmead, 2008 Flux C time Amount of material transferred from one reservoir to the other Source Sink Budget-balance of sources and
Answer Test Questions Finish Climate Discussion
NREM 301 Forest Ecology & Soils Day 30 December 4, 2008 Answer Test Questions Finish Climate Discussion Take-Home Test Due Dec 11 5 pm No Final Exam Lab Today Finish & e-mail all materials to Dick Class
SHE: towards a methodology for physically-based distributed forecasting in hydrology
Hydrological forecasting - Prévisions hydrologiques (Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium, April 1980; Actes du Colloque d'oxford, avril 1980): IAHS-AISH Publ. no. 129. SHE: towards a methodology for physically-based
From climate models to earth system models: the stomatal paradigm and beyond
From climate models to earth system models: the stomatal paradigm and beyond Gordon Bonan National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado, USA Academy Colloquium Stomatal conductance through
Measuring discharge. Climatological and hydrological field work
Measuring discharge Climatological and hydrological field work 1. Background Discharge (or surface runoff Q s) refers to the horizontal water flow occurring at the surface in rivers and streams. It does
Issue paper: Aquifer Water Balance
Issue paper: Aquifer Water Balance 1. Introduction And Background 1.1. Purpose and Scope The population in Kitsap County has grown rapidly in recent years and is expected to increase substantially in the
EC FLUXES: BASIC CONCEPTS AND BACKGROUND. Timo Vesala (thanks to e.g. Samuli Launiainen and Ivan Mammarella)
EC FLUXES: BASIC CONCEPTS AND BACKGROUND Timo Vesala (thanks to e.g. Samuli Launiainen and Ivan Mammarella) Scales of meteorological processes: Synoptic scale, ~ 1000 km (weather predictions, ~ day) Mesoscale,
Influence of spatial and temporal resolutions in hydrologic models
Influence of spatial and temporal resolutions in hydrologic models Ingjerd Haddeland (University of Oslo) Dennis P. Lettenmaier (University of Washington) Thomas Skaugen (University of Oslo) Outline Background,
Forest Ecosystem Services, Climate Change, and Water Security
Australian National University s Public Lecture, March 26, 2015 Forest Ecosystem Services, Climate Change, and Water Security B. Larry Li Professor and Director International Center for Ecology and Sustainability
Connectivities and Linkages within the Danube Basin
Connectivities and Linkages within the Danube Basin Prof. Dr. Wolfram Mauser Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Connectivities: Why important? Natural connectivities: Shape the biosphere and hydrosphere
Introduc3on to Meteorology. Hervé Le Treut (IPSL UPMC) Ecole Théma3que Michael Ghil La Rochelle 2012
Introduc3on to Meteorology Hervé Le Treut (IPSL UPMC) Ecole Théma3que Michael Ghil La Rochelle 2012 IPSLCM4 IPSL Earth System Model (CM4 / IPSL) Physics Continents Atmosphere Oceans Orchidée LMDZT LMDZ
Land-Use, Albedo and Air Temperature Changes in the Hula Valley (Israel) during
Open Journal of Modern Hydrology, 2014, 4, 101-111 Published Online October 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojmh http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmh.2014.44010 Land-Use, Albedo and Air Temperature
Crop Water Requirement. Presented by: Felix Jaria:
Crop Water Requirement Presented by: Felix Jaria: Presentation outline Crop water requirement Irrigation Water requirement Eto Penman Monteith Etcrop Kc factor Ks Factor Total Available water Readily available
Of vital importance..
Soil moisture Of vital importance.. Low and erratic rainfall form a significant cause of low crop production and crop failure in rainfed agriculture in the tropics However, crop and land management do
Working with the Water Balance
Working with the Water Balance Forest Hydrology and Land Use Change Paul K. Barten, Ph.D. Professor of Forestry and Hydrology Department of Environmental Conservation www.forest-to-faucet.org The Living
Land Degradation & Rainfall
Land Degradation & Rainfall Leo Stroosnijder WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY Soil Science Center Erosion and Soil & Water Conservation Group CONTENTS Land degradation (African bias) Rainfall analysis for LD assessment
THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE METHODS AND THE PROGRAMME OF THE FIELD WATER BALANCE RESEARCH IN THE USSR
THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF THE METHODS AND THE PROGRAMME OF THE FIELD WATER BALANCE RESEARCH IN THE USSR Dr. URYVAEV V. A. State Hydrological Institute of the Head Office of the Hydrometeorological Service
Battle for the Biosphere
Battle for the Biosphere Biome: A large community of plants and animals that occupies a distinct region e.g. the Tropical rainforest. Biosphere: The parts of the land, sea and atmosphere where organisms
Inside of forest (for example) Research Flow
Study on Relationship between Watershed Hydrology and Lake Water Environment by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Shimane University Hiroaki SOMURA Watershed degradation + Global warming Background
Carbon Sequestration and Cycling
Carbon Sequestration and Cycling Darrel Jenerette University of California Riverside Acknowledgements Isaac Park, Amit Chatterjee, Jen Hooper, Edith Allen, Travis Bean US Forest Service, Kearney Foundation,
NGSS correlations to Student Climate Data Learning Sequences.
NGSS correlations to Student Climate Data Learning Sequences. How thoroughly the standard is addressed depends on the level of inquiry used with students. Student Climate Data & NGSS: High School Biomass
Unit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling
Unit 3: Ecology II Section 1: Environmental Systems and Nutrient Cycling Systems in the Environment are not Independent of one Another Central Case Study: The Vanishing Oysters of the Chesapeake Bay Chesapeake
Green, blue, and grey water: Rethinking the contemporary water cycle
Green, blue, and grey water: Rethinking the contemporary water cycle Peter K. Weiskel U.S. Geological Survey Harvard Extension School Nov. 4, 2014 https://earthdata.nasa.gov/sites/image from photos.com
Role of the Hydrologic Cycle in Vegetation Response to Climate Change: An Analysis Using VEMAP Phase 2 Model Experiments. Abstract
Role of the Hydrologic Cycle in Vegetation Response to Climate Change: An Analysis Using VEMAP Phase 2 Model Experiments Abstract This proposal describes research intended to: 1) examine the effects of
The Noah-MP Land Surface Model. Michael Barlage Research Applications Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research
The Noah-MP Land Surface Model Michael Barlage Research Applications Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research 1 2 Conceptual Land Surface Processes Precipitation Transpiration Canopy Water Evaporation
Hydrology and Water Management. Dr. Mujahid Khan, UET Peshawar
Hydrology and Water Management Dr. Mujahid Khan, UET Peshawar Course Outline Hydrologic Cycle and its Processes Water Balance Approach Estimation and Analysis of Precipitation Data Infiltration and Runoff
Texas A & M University and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Hydrologic Modeling Inventory Model Description Form
Texas A & M University and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Hydrologic Modeling Inventory Model Description Form JUNE 18, 1999 Name of Model: MIKE 11 RR (Rainfall Runoff) Model Type: The MIKE 11 RR model is
Earth Science Chapter 6 Section 1 Review
Name: Class: Date: Earth Science Chapter 6 Section 1 Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. What process is illustrated by the arrows labeled
SWRC Mission. ARS Research In General. Selected Accomplishments from Walnut Gulch
USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center SWRC Mission Sound Science for Watershed Decisions To develop knowledge and technology to conserve water and soil in semi arid lands ARS Research In General
From the cornbeltto the north woods; understanding the response of Minnesota. Chris Lenhart Research Assistant Professor BBE Department
From the cornbeltto the north woods; understanding the response of Minnesota watersheds to climate change Chris Lenhart Research Assistant Professor BBE Department 1. Background Differential response of
NREM 407/507 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
NREM 407/507 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Please pick up Syllabus, Reading Material & Today s Lab on the Table in the Front Dick Schultz Instructor Sara Berges Teaching Assistant January 13, 2009 1. Conduct Get
Energy Balance and Evapotranspiration Measurement
Energy Balance and Evapotranspiration Measurement Yu-Jun Cui Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussée, Paris, France Jorge G. Zornberg The University of Texas at Austin, USA ABOUT THIS TOPIC - Multi-disciplinary
GC2: Components of the Earth System Working Together
Global Connections: Earth Systems at the Global Scale GC2: Components of the Earth System Working Together Purpose To develop familiarity with interactions among the major components of the Earth system
Integrated Approaches to the Assessment of the Impacts of Climate and Socio-economic Change on Groundwater Resources in the Tensift Basin, Morocco
International Journal of Water Resources and Arid Environments 1(3): 219-225, 2011 ISSN 2079-7079 PSIPW, 2011 Integrated Approaches to the Assessment of the Impacts of Climate and Socio-economic Change
Fluxes: measurements and modeling. Flux
Fluxes: measurements and modeling Schlesinger and Bernhardt Pg 135-150 Gustin flux paper Griffis, Timothy J. 2013 paper Denmead 2008 Discussion 2 - Work in groups of 2 Papers due to Mae Sept 24 Pick one
Earth as a System. Chapter 2. Table of Contents. Section 1 Earth: A Unique Planet. Section 2 Energy in the Earth System.
Earth as a System Table of Contents Section 1 Earth: A Unique Planet Section 2 Energy in the Earth System Section 3 Ecology Section 1 Earth: A Unique Planet Objectives Describe the size and shape of Earth.
THE WATER CYCLE IN GREATER VICTORIA
THE WATER CYCLE IN GREATER VICTORIA KEY CONCEPTS THE GREATER VICTORIA DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IS DEPENDENT ON ANNUAL PRECIPITATION, WHICH FALLS MOSTLY AS RAIN. RESPONSIBILITY FOR WATER IS EVERYONE