AGROENERGY CLOSED-CYCLE CONCEPT

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Roderick Miles
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AGROENERGY CLOSED-CYCLE CONCEPT short rotation forest grown on poor land & corn cobs as unused residue for fuels premium wood pellets & lucerne pellets as commodities

1 AGROENERGY CLOSED-CYCLE CONCEPT short rotation forest grown on poor land & corn cobs as unused residue for fuels premium wood pellets & lucerne pellets as commodities CHP-plant Power production: Heat production: 1.000kW 4.200kW Pellets plant: Lucerne pellets / bales: t Wood pellets: t GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 1

2 FUEL SUPPLY t / 450 ha SHORT ROTATION FOREST t / ha CORN COBS OR OTHERS - TECHNOLOGY CAN USE ALL AGRO-FUELS. GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 2

Short rotation forest energy crops from waste land SUSTAINABLE YIELD per ha and year 16-25

quailty or wet land can be used One set of seedlings can be used for 20 30 years Harvested

be stored on field covered with soil After harvest quite wet dried before use heat use for

3 Short rotation forest energy crops from waste land SUSTAINABLE YIELD per ha and year tons / MWh of POPLAR tons / MWh of SALIX EASY CULTIVATION Poor soil quailty or wet land can be used One set of seedlings can be used for years Harvested every 2 3 years with modified combine (winter time no additional machinery) LOGISTICS Can be stored on field covered with soil After harvest quite wet dried before use heat use for the biomass plant Perfect for premium pellets production GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 3

Corn cobs fuel with promising future Renewable energy from

NEUTRAL HARVESTING Low cost adaption of axial combine Corn kernels

nearly cost neutral Approved Austrian technology EASY LOGISTICS

4 Corn cobs fuel with promising future Renewable energy from agricultural residues SUSTAINABLE YIELD per ha and year ~ 1.8 tons / 7.5 MWh of corn cobs ~ 3.5 tons / 14 MWh of corn straw (seperate infeed needed) COST NEUTRAL HARVESTING Low cost adaption of axial combine Corn kernels and cobs harvest in one operation cycle (with same harvester) nearly cost neutral Approved Austrian technology EASY LOGISTICS Corn cobs can be stored on field with simple foil cover Same feed-in as chicken litter, wood. GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 4

5 AGRO FUELS harvesting time frame GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 5

6 AGRO FUELS comparison of heating values GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 6

ORC Plant Power output 1.000kW Heat output 2.900-4.100kW FUEL DEMAND 2.400 t / 1.

7 ORC Plant Power output 1.000kW Heat output kW FUEL DEMAND t / 1.300ha corn cobs t / 450 ha short rotation wood INVESTMENT 5.35 Mio GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 7

Process overview 1 bunker / biomass infeed automatic biomass infeed push or cargo floor storage turn over 2 3 days 2 dryer pre-drying of biomass innovative vibrating biomass dryer reduction of fuel

8 Process overview 1 bunker / biomass infeed automatic biomass infeed push or cargo floor storage turn over 2 3 days 2 dryer pre-drying of biomass innovative vibrating biomass dryer reduction of fuel consumption optimization of electrical efficiency high flexibility in hot water system G 3 fire box / combustion optimized fire box and grate for different biomass blends modern combustion control systems low emissions and high fuel utilization 4 thermal oil boiler high oil temperature ( C) two heating circuits (high / low temp) highest possible efficiency (~ 80%) 6 air cleaning device multi-cyclone and ESP fulfills all EU and national regulations 5 ORC Information on seperate sheet 7 distribution net distribution net and heat consumers of the customer 8 cooling device high power production when heat demand is low (i.e. summer) high electrical efficiency (reduction of return water temperature) GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 8

ORC plants - process Renewable energy from agricultural residues Advantages ORC proven, easy to use technology (for 40 years) 100% automatic operation no permanent supervision nearly no maintenance,

9 ORC plants - process Renewable energy from agricultural residues Advantages ORC proven, easy to use technology (for 40 years) 100% automatic operation no permanent supervision nearly no maintenance, staff or service costs good electrical efficiency and part load behaviour high uptime (i.e. 98% in Admont for hours) no pressure vessel in the system fewer regulations low investment cost ORC process thermal oil boiler high temp. (310/250 C) low temp. (250/130 C) silicon oil pump turbine G hot water net adjustable temp. hel [%] 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% * Electrical efficiency of ORC-modul (refers to heat imput thermal oil) return temp [ C] GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 9

HEAT USE Pelletizing / fuel drying Lucerne pellets: Wood pellets: 7.

10 HEAT USE Pelletizing / fuel drying Lucerne pellets: Wood pellets: t / 550ha t / 480ha INVESTMENT 3.00 Mio GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 10

11 3.5 month FULL HEAT Project USE handling Detailed offer - contract CHP plant Power production 4.1 MW / MWh Operation: h Renewable energy from agricultural residues 8.5 month wood pelletizing Production: t Operation: 8.5 month / h Heat demand: 2.2 MW / MWh Fuel drying Production: t Operation: 8.5 month / h Heat demand: 1.9 MW / MWh Lucerne pelletizing Production: t Operation: 3.5 month / h Heat demand: 4.1 MW / MWh GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 11

storage unit A -feeding unit CAN BE USED FOR

12 3.500kg/h Module Renewable energy from agricultural residues CONTAINER PELLETIZING UNIT F pellet loading unit E pellet storage unit D pelletizing unit B dryer unit C dry storage unit A -feeding unit CAN BE USED FOR LUCERNE AND WOOD. GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 12

13 800 kg/h Module Renewable energy from agricultural residues EXAMPLE OF ONE APPLICATION GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 13

LUCERNE perfect feed / soil improvement plant SUSTAINABLE YIELD per ha and year ~14 tons (dry matter) Field demand: ~550ha SOIL IMPROVEMENT Crop rotation plant Soil

14 LUCERNE perfect feed / soil improvement plant SUSTAINABLE YIELD per ha and year ~14 tons (dry matter) Field demand: ~550ha SOIL IMPROVEMENT Crop rotation plant Soil improvement / nitrogen fixation MARKET Market price: ~140 /t EXW /t consumer price World wide traded high quality animal feed GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 14

15 PROJECT SUMMARY POWER PLANT / PELLETIZING FIELD DEMAND Short rotation forest (poor land) Corn-cobs Lucerne (crop rotation) 930 ha ha 550 ha INVESTMENT 8.35 Mio CHP plant 5.35 Mio Pelletizing plant 3.00 Mio GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 15

16 Project Summary Renewable energy from agricultural residues CHP plant Power production: 1.000kW / MWh Heat production: 4.100kW / MWh Green certificates: 3.80 (very high amount!) ROI 15.9% or 6.3 years ROE 55.4% Pelletizing plant Lucerne Pellets production: Wood pellets production: ROI 26% or 2.4 years ROE 131% t t GREEN ENERGY / PELLETIZING CONCEPT 16

1 st Renewable Energy Technologies, LP. Organic Rankine Cycle

11/18/2010 1 st Renewable Energy Technologies, LP 8147 Clear Shade Drive, Windber, PA 15963 Phone: (814) 467-0431 Fax: (814) 467-8675 Email: Sales@1stRET.com Web: www.1stret.com Organic Rankine Cycle The