China s HWR activities and technology development

Transcription

1 13th Meeting of the Technical Working Group on Advanced Technologies for HWRs (TWG-HWR) China s HWR activities and technology development CNNC Nuclear Operation Management Co. Ltd. (CNNO) Chen Mingjun June 2011, IAEA Headquarters, Vienna

2 Contents I. National Status on HWR and related R&D II. Alternate Fuel Cycle (RU and Th) R&D and Application Plan III. Post Fukushima Actions

3 I. National Status on HWR and related R&D

4 Overview of Qinshan Nuclear Power Base in China Total installed capacity 6.2 GWe: 7 units operating; 2 units under construction Qinshan Phase II 4 units 600MWe operating Qinshan Phase I 1 unit 300MWe PWR operating; MWe PWR under construction Qinshan Phase III 2 units 700 MWe PHWR(CANDU ) operating

5 Briefing of Qinshan 2 PHWR units Construction duration: TQNPC Unit#1 : ; TQNPC Unit#2: Until March of 2012, Qinshan 2 PHWR units generated electricity of 100 billion kwh.

6 Operation Performance 100% 80% Capacity factor (Recent 5 years) 96.3% 91.2% 91.9% 89.7% 92.5% 86.4% 97.6% 95.4% 92.1% 91.0% 86.7% 87.3% 60% 40% 20% 0% Unit#1 Unit#2 Unplanned outage for 2 units ( Recent 5 years) Year Avg. Outage No Avg./unit

7 (day) 80 Overhaul outage duration Up to May 2012, total 11 times of overhaul outage in Qinshan 2 PHWR units. The outage period has been reduced from 69 days to 31 days.

8 1 Continuous Improvement for Excellence In 2011 and 2012, main technical and management improvement activities focus on the follows. Preparation and Execution of plant action plans of safety improvement learned from Fukushima Accident High Standard Plant building: Management Benchmarking and Peer Review Human Performance improvement to reduce errors Outage Optimization: prolong outage interval (18 to 24 months cycle) and reduce outage duration R&D project on Alternate fuel cycle ( Recycled Uranium and Thorium used in CANDU reactors)

9 II. Alternate Fuel Cycle (RU and Th) R&D and Application Plan

10 Four-party Cooperation To realize the application of RU and Th in CANDU reactors, Four-party cooperation R&D was initiated in 中国核动力研究设计院 Nuclear Power Institute of China

11 Alternate Fuel strategy in China CANDU Reactors Use of RU Use of Thorium NUE DRU NUE Irradiation Demo NUE Full core implementation AFCR Using NU fuel in Qinshan CANDU Using NUE fuel in Qinshan CANDU AFCR, directly using recycled U fuel, Thorium DI Advanced Th fuel CANDU Operating Qinshan CANDU New CANDU project Note: NUE: Natural Uranium Equivalent fuel( ~0.71% U-235) by mixed RU and DU with Avg. Burnup about 7,200MWd/THE; DRU: CANU fuel ( ~0.9% U-235) consisting of a mixture of RU and DU with Avg. Burnup about 13,000MWd/THE AFCR: Advanced Fuel CANDU Reactor

12 Use of Recycled Uranium China Nuclear Fuel Cycle Vision LEU PWR Spent fuel CANDU Spent fuel or MIXED Equivalent ~0.71% NU mixture CANDU can use RU from PWR in an Alternate fuel sources for economic and efficient manner. CANDU can reduce its fuel cost.

13 Use of Recycled Uranium 2-step strategy to steadily push forward the use of RU: first develop NUE technology by mixed DU, followed by direct use of RU. 2-step strategy short-term technical strategy 37/mixture of RU and DU, NUE technology long-term technical strategy CANFLEX-RU,direct use of RU technology

14 Use of Recycled Uranium 2. Use Plan of Recycled Uranium NUE DRU Feasibility study demo test in reactor Full core use of NUE High burnup, direct use of RU Beginning of 2008 End of 2008 Apr End of 2013 ~2020 Operating Qinshan CANDU AFCR

15 NUE project 2. Use Plan of Recycled Uranium Phase-1: Demonstration Test( ): In , 24 NUE fuel bundles have been irradiated in Qinshan CANDU unit#1. No impact for reactor safe operation. In-bay inspection have been completed in January of They show good fuel performance. PIE in hot cell will be completed in 2013 early. Phase-2: Full core implementation( ) Design and safety analysis is ongoing. About 50% work have been completed up to now. The conceptual design of manufacturing modification have been completed; RU and DU Purchase is ongoing. Full core replacement by NUE fuel will be started in 2014.

16 Thorium Fuel Strategy Short Term: Enhanced CANDU-6 with LEU/Th fuel Mid Term: Enhanced CANDU-6 (or a larger, upsized CANDU reactor) Th/Pu fuelled, semi-closed or closed with breeders Longer Term Large Advanced Thorium Capable CANDU Reactor Th/Pu/U 233 fuelled, closed cycle Minimum (nearly zero) waste

17 Short term: EC-6 with LEU/Th LEU element pure Th02 element 20MWd/kgHE CANFLEX technology Enhanced CANDU-6

18 IV. Post Fukushima Actions

19 Response to Fukushima Established a Lessons-Learned and Expert Team for the response of Fukushima accident. Self-inspection and assessment have been done. On April of 2011, National Nuclear Facility Integration Safety Inspection Team inspected Qinshan CANDU Plant to make sure that its nuclear reactors under safety control and have considerable capacity to resist disasters. Completed the required action of WANO-SOER Participated in extensive technical exchange and cooperation with COG, AECL(CE), KHNP and SNERDI to address lessons from Fukushima accident.

20 Post Fukushima Actions Short term actions and long term actions have been constituted by TQNPC, according to selfassessment and the requirement from NNSA (Chinese Regulator). Up to now, short term actions have been completed by the end of 2011, and the long term actions are on going according to the plan.

21 Short term Actions Serial No. Improvement item Completion time I. Flooding protection 1 Inspect and improve water-proof plugging measures item by item. Dec., Complete assessment report of gland seals integrity of main pumps under station blackout condition. Dec., 2011 II. station blackout 3 4 Ensure cooling of reactor core and add emergency water makeup connecting ports under SBO condition. Add movable power supplies under station blackout condition. Dec., 2011 Dec., Prepare operation procedures for monitoring and making up water to spent fuel bay under accident condition. Dec., 2011 III. Earthquake protection 6 7 Revise periodic maintenance procedure of earthquake monitoring instrument. Assess and revise the applicability of post-earthquake operator emergency operating procedure (EOP). Dec., 2011 Dec., 2011

22 Serial No. Long term Actions Improvement item Planned completion time 1 Complete and optimize management criteria for severe accidents. Dec., flood protection assessment and necessary improvements. Calculation of wave overtopping Completed in 2011 Assess and improve flood protection facilities Dec., 2013 Build permanent water-blocking wall for important buildings, and add thresholds for doors. Assess hydrogen control system and equipment, and Hydrogen mitigation PARs are planned to lay out according to assessment result. Dec., 2013 Dec., Assess the seismic margin Jun., Improve emergency response for multiple units Dec., Research to improve power supply capacity of batteries Dec., Assess the necessity for Adding containment venting filter. Dec., Add portable diesel generators and connection ports to Emergency Power supply 陈钢电子文档编号 system. PPT Jan., 2013

23 The ability of flood protection Short term action. After a complete investigation and inspection for buildings, it is confirmed that there is no pipe trench, removable cover plate being directly connected to important buildings; Take some temporary measures to defend flooding; Enough bags full of sand have been equipped; Two drain diesel pumps and related pipe have already been purchased and stocked. Sand bags

24 The ability of flood protection Long term action. Add permanent wall to defend flooding out of the important buildings though calculating the highest hydrocele level, this work will be done at Dec Add doorsill for the entrance of important buildings, this action will be accomplished at Dec

25 How to deal with SBO The effectiveness of gland seal The effective of gland seal has been assessed by the end of 2011; The effective of gland seal satisfy the analysis requirement, according to the evaluation report.

26 How to deal with SBO (continued) Add Portable Power Supply Portable diesel generators have being purchased, and expected to be delivered by the end of Emergency power ports for connecting portable diesel generator to Emergency Power supply system have been setup at the end of 2011 for unit 1(unit 2 will be finished during outage in 2012).

27 How to deal with SBO (continued) Terminal panel

28 How to deal with SBO (continued) Improve the battery capability The configuration of Electric power system and the battery system is being evaluated by SNERDI, and the evaluation report will be provided by the end of July, 2012.

29 How to deal with SBO (continued) Effectiveness of SFP cooling TQNPC has revised the Spent Fuel Pool operating monitor and makeup procedure (EOP) at the end of SFP monitor and makeup will be also added into the SAMG procedure. Checking the path of Making up for SFP

30 The ability of withstand earthquake Revise the seismic instrument maintenance procedure. The procedure PMP-R00426 Rev.0 (seismic monitor system) has been issued by Oct Evaluate or revise the EOP about earthquake. Applicability of EOP was evaluated; Add new operating card in EOP to specify the manual operation of MSSV.

31 The ability of withstand earthquake (continued) Assess the seismic margin Cooperate with CANDU Energy to assess the seismic margin as the requirement of stress test. The preliminary report will be supplied by CE in the June.

32 Backup Communications Station EP Power Supplies Satellite / Cells Permanent building for emergency response will be equipped with Satellite / Cells, emergency power supplies and medical first-aid. Satellite/cells have being purchased, and will be delivered by the end of 2012.

33 Add the emergency water makeup to reactor core Emergency ports for water making up from fire water system, demineralised water system or fire water truck have been installed into process system at the end of 2011; The fire water truck from the fire department is available for use. This part has already been added into the SAMG procedure.

34 Optimize the SAMG and the training Optimization of current SAMG by analyzing the weakness of the existing SAMG is on going;

35 Hydrogen mitigation The existing hydrogen control system has been evaluated by Snerdi, the result is the existing system is not enough to treat with the hydrogen during severe accident. Hydrogen mitigation-par is planned to add. Hydrogen monitoring system is also considered to add as the new requirement from NNSA.

36 Multiple units Emergency; Regional Emergency The Regional Emergency response will be considered under the guidance of CNNO ( China National Nuclear Operation).

37 Containment Venting According to the EI of SAMG, some measures have already been taken to establish containment venting. Permanent Containment Ventilation Filter System is under evaluation, and the preliminary result is necessary to add this system to mitigate the result of severe accident.

38 Thanks for your attention!