WATER SUPPLY ASSESSMENT FOR TRACT 5430, LAKERIDGE COMMUNITIES

Transcription

1 FOR TRACT 5430, LAKERIDGE COMMUNITIES MILLERTON NEW TOWN FRESNO COUNTY, CA JANUARY 2010 Prepared for: Fresno County Service Area No. 34 Prepared by: Provost & Pritchard Consulting Group Fresno, California

2 COPYRIGHT 2010 by PROVOST & PRITCHARD CONSULTING GROUP ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Provost & Pritchard Consulting Group expressly reserves its common law copyright and other applicable property rights to this document. This document is not to be reproduced, changed, or copied in any form or manner whatsoever, nor are they to be assigned to a third party without first obtaining the written permission and consent of Provost & Pritchard Consulting Group In the event of unauthorized reuse of the information contained herein by a third party, the third party shall hold the firm of Provost & Pritchard Consulting Group harmless, and shall bear the cost of Provost & Pritchard Consulting Group legal fees associated with defending and enforcing these rights.

3 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF DEVELOPMENT WATER CODE REQUIREMENTS Water Supply Assessment Urban Water Management Plan AGENCIES Fresno County Service Area No Bureau of Reclamation Lower Tule River Irrigation District Deer Creek and Tule River Authority Arvin-Edison Water Storage District REGIONAL WATER SUPPLIES Precipitation Groundwater San Joaquin River LOCAL WATER SUPPLIES AND RELIABILITY Groundwater San Joaquin River Recycled/Reclaimed Effluent Soquel Water EXISTING WATER USAGE Project Area Existing CSA 34 Service Area G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

4 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No WATER DEMANDS AND FACILITIES Project Demand CSA 34 Demand Western Service Area Water Demand Summary Infrastructure Facilities Water Conservation Policies Capital Facilities Program PROPOSED WATER SUPPLY Surface Water Reclaimed Water Summary USE OF SUPPLIES Permits, Approvals, Agreements, or Entitlements Required CONCLUSIONS G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

5 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 2-1 Project Location... 3 Figure 2-2 Proposed Land Use... 4 Figure 2-3 Water Use Boundaries... 5 Figure 2-4 Tract 5430 Lake Ridge Communities... 6 Figure 2-5 Water Allocation Map Figure 4-1 Water Agencies Figure 4-2 Water Purveyor Figure 5-1 Historical Friant CVP Water Allocation Figure DWR Land Use Figure 8-1 Existing Water Facilities Figure 8-2 Proposed Water Facilities G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

6 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 LIST OF TABLES Page Table Deer Creek & Tule River Authority Supply Summary Table Contract Water Supply Summary Table Past County of Fresno Yearly Water History for CSA Table Projected Recycled Effluent Demand for Brighton Crest Golf Course Irrigation Table Existing Water Use Demand within CSA 34 Western Service Area (2005) 28 Table Projected Project Average Daily Demand for Water By Residence Type and Density (Based upon MNT Infrastructure Master Plan Information) Table Projected Build-Out Schedule by Dwelling Units Table Western Service Area - Millerton New Town Residential Distribution (excluding Project Tract 5430 ) Table Western Service Area - Millerton New Town Commercial Distribution Table Western Service Area - Residential Distribution Outside of MNT & Brighton Crest Boundaries Table Western Service Area - Brighton Crest Table Western Service Area Total Demand Summary with Contracts or Options Table Projected Water Use Based Upon Absoprtion of Project and Western Service Area Table Surface Water Demand at Build-out in AF for CSA 34 Western Service Area, with Project with Supply Contracts Table Water Facilities Required for Project (Tract 5430) Table Water portion of MNT Infrastructure Facility Fees...46 Table Projected Surface Supply Available for Normal, Critical Dry and Multi-Dry Years in AFY G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

7 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 Table Projected Supply Available by Source for Normal, Critical Dry and Multi-Dry Years Table Comparison of Western Service Area Buildout (Beyond 20-years) Projection of Supply and Demand for Normal, Critical Dry, and Multi-Dry Years Table Comparison of 20-year Projection of Supply and Demand for Normal, Critical Dry, and Multi-Dry Years G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

8 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 LIST OF APPENDICES A County of Fresno: CVC Interim Contract A-IR12 CVC Interim Contract (Original) A-IR5 B Arvin-Edison Water Storage District: CVP Contract A-LTR1 C Exchange Agreement: Arvin-Edison Water Storage District and County of Fresno D Water Supply Agreement: Deer Creek and Tule River Authority and the County of Fresno: Amendment 1 May 8, 2007 Orig. Contract December 14, 1999 Attachment 1 Agreement: The Clarksfield Co., Inc. and the County of Fresno; December 14, 1999 Attachment 2 Updated Agreement: The Clarksfield Co., Inc. and the County of Fresno; May 8, 2007 Attachment 3 Terra Bella Irrigation District M&I Rate Schedule May 8, 2007 E Lower Tule River Irrigation District: CVP Contract 175r-2771-LTR1 Amendment 1 January 19, 2007 Orig. Contract January 20, 2001 F Water Supply Agreement: Lower Tule Irrigation District and the County of Fresno: Amendment 1 May 8, 2007 Orig. Contract October 28, 2003 G Lower Tule River Irrigation District Ability to Perform H Department of Water Resources Bulletin 118 G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

9 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 LIST OF APPENDICES (CONTINUED) I San Joaquin River Class 1 Availability J Master Fee Schedule Resolution for Millerton New Town Water and Sewer Infrastructure K Millerton New Town Water Usage Landscaped Area per Housing Unit L Regional Water Quality Control Board: Permit R : Waste Discharge Requirements Permit R : Master Reclamation Permit G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

10 Water Supply Assessment Fresno County Service Area No. 34 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AB Assembly Bill ac Acre(s) AF Acre-feet AFY Acre-feet per Year CEQA California Environmental Quality Act CVC Cross Valley Canal CVP Central Valley Project DHS Department of Health Services DWR Department of Water Resources ESA Endangered Species Act FMFCD Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control District FWUA Friant Water Users Authority gpm Gallons per Minute GMP Groundwater Management Plan M&I Municipal and Industrial MG Million Gallons MGD Million Gallons per Day NEPA National Environmental Policy Act O&M Operations and Maintenance RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board RWWTF Regional Wastewater Treatment Facility SB Senate Bill SOI Sphere of Influence SWTP Surface Water Treatment Plant TMR Table Mountain Rancheria USACE United States Army Corp of Engineers USBR United States Bureau of Reclamation UWMP Urban Water Management Plan WSA Water Supply Assessment WWD Waterworks District WWTF Wastewater Treatment Facility WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant G:\Clients\Fresno_County of \ MNT Water Supply Assessment\_Documents\Reports\CSA 34 WSA 7th edition clean doc

11 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Water Supply Assessment evaluates the ability of Fresno County Service Area No. 34 (CSA 34) to meet water supply demands associated with the single-family residential development proposed by Vesting Tentative Tract Map 5430 (Project), in accordance with the requirements of Section 10910, et seq, of the California Water Code. The 180-acre Project area is located within the existing Millerton New Town Specific Plan boundary, which is included within the district boundary of CSA 34 in northeastern Fresno County, California. The Project proposes approximately 561 residential units, which include 381 singlefamily units with 6,000 sq-ft lot minimums, and 180 single-family units with 4,500 sq-ft lot minimums. This Water Supply Assessment discusses the estimated water demands and proposed water sources for the Project, in addition to existing and planned future uses for the remaining lands within County Service Area 34, which serves the Millerton New Town Area. The existing and planned future uses within the CSA boundary, including Brighton Crest and the Millerton New Town Specific Plan area, make up the developable areas as depicted in Figure 2-2 and are referred to herein as the Western Service Area. See also Figures 2-1 and 2-3. This report provides a summary of water supply calculations and evaluations pertaining to both the Project and CSA 34 s existing and planned future uses. In accordance with the Mitigation Measures and Monitoring Program Matrix of the approved Millerton Specific Plan and EIR measure 4.f, each project within the Specific Plan area is responsible to contract for their own water supply before beginning to draw water from CSA 34 facilities. The required quantity is determined by the number of Water Units controlled by each developer. Water units are defined in the MNT Infrastructure master Plan, and generally correspond to the number of single-family residential units planned for a development. Certain equivalencies are defined for multi-family residential and commercial developments. The supply contract(s), which are actually signed by the County of Fresno as the long-term water contractor on behalf of CSA 34 and the developer, must be executed and in place prior to the recordation of a final map or Site Plan Review approval. As of the preparation of this report, supply contracts are in place for all of the water units planned for the Western Service Area of CSA 34 (that portion which will be served by surface water) except for those water units owned and controlled by Table Mountain Rancheria, Granville Homes, and a portion of the remaing JPJ units. See Figure 2-5. Page ES-1

12 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 The Project s estimated average annual demand of 303 acre-feet (AF) (approximately 1.68 AF per acre) will be met with a portion of the surface water supplies bulleted below, which are committed to serve the currently-approved proposed developments within CSA 34. The the developments benefitted by currently-contracted water supplies are listed in detail in Tables 8.2.1, and The total estimated average annual demand within CSA 34 at full build-out is 2,715 AF. The currently-approved developments and land uses are projected to have an average annual demand of 2,084 AF. Demand is summarized in Table The difference of 631 AF is due to demands anticipated from water units in CSA 34 controlled by Table Mountain Rancheria (TMR), Granville and portions of JPJ units, which are not planned to be taken from these contracted supplies. See Tables TMR, Granville, and the remaining JPJ units are responsible to contract for their own water supplies to cover the 631 AF, before beginning to draw water from CSA 34 facilities, in accordance with the County Surface Water Allocation Policies adopted June 26, Neither TMR nor Granville have yet filed a Tentative Map or CUP (Conditional Use Permit) and therefore have no reservations against Agreement 1. Agreement 3 was obtained specifically to serve projects designated by The Clarksfield Company, Inc. to which TMR and Granville have no entitlement. JPJ does not have any reservations or designations against Agreement 1 or 3 for its remaining residential units. Since Agreement 2 is a back-up shortfall supply, no projects within Millerton New Town can have specified entitlement to its allocation. Agreement 1: Long-term surface water for the Project and other future CSA 34 developments discussed above from an agreement between the County of Fresno and the Arvin-Edison Water Storage District (AEWSD) for 1,520 AF of firm supply from the Central Valley Project (CVP), Friant Division, available to AEWSD under contract with the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). Agreement 2: A back-up shortfall supply, covered by long-term surface water availability for the Project and other future CSA 34 developments discussed above from a shortfall Water Supply Agreement between the County of Fresno and the Lower Tule River Irrigation District (LTRID) for up to 1,520 AF of Class 1 supply from the CVP, Friant Division under a USBR contract with LTRID. (The significance of Class 1 water is described in Section 5.3.) Agreement 3: Long-term surface water availability for the Project & and other future CSA 34 developments designated by Clarksfield from a Water Supply Agreement between the County of Fresno and Deer Creek Tule River Association (DCTRA) for 770 AF of Class 1 supply from the CVP, Friant Division. LTRID, which is a member of DCTRA, is the designated exchange partner on the BOR application but the contract is an obligation of all the DCTRA member districts. Use of water under this agreement is restricted to the Project and other future developments within CSA 34. Page ES-2

13 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 Up to 355 AF of water annually at project build-out will be recycled to satisfy non-potable water demands of outdoor landscaping within parks, roadways and open spaces of Millerton New Town, and potentially by conversion of the Brighton Crest Golf Course irrigation system to use recycled wastewater. Actual quantities made available will depend upon RWQCB approval of golf course irrigation by recycled water. A limited amount of groundwater is available to CSA 34, but is not considered in this evaluation. An agreement between Millerton New Town Development Company and Forrest Fleming, et al 1, limits use of groundwater by CSA 34 to 75 AF per year, and that is only in case of emergency, such as failure of the lake pumps. Also, resources considered in a Water Supply Assessment must be considered reliable over a 20-year planning horizon and in all types of water years. While some sustainability data is available on the groundwater well available to the CSA, and while that well may be used from time to time for back-up purposes, it is specifically not considered in this assessment of the available reliable supplies. The current water use within the Western Service Area is approximately 550 AF per year. At present, CSA 34 is using surface water supply from only a single source: the 1,520 AF supply first listed above as Agreement 1. As other developments come on line, Agreement 3 will be brought into effect. (See Table ) Agreement 2 backs up Agreement 1 by providing additional water to CSA 34 if any of the other non CSA-34 lands with reservation rights to the County CVC supply wishes to use a portion Agreement 1. Only the amount of water equal to the reduced portion would be provided by Agreement 3. Between the three agreements, and the recycled water to be made available by the project, the CSA has sufficient water under contract to provide service to the Project as well as the existing and currently-approved future developments excluding TMR and Granville units. The Western Service Area is generally that portion of CSA 34 that aligns with the developable areas of Brighton Crest and the Millerton New Town Specific Plan Boundary. Details about the existing and planned future uses within CSA 34 are provided in Section 8.2. CSA 34 has additional service area to the east of Brighton Crest, designated CSA 34B. This service area, which encompasses only the Ventana Hills development, currently has only a handful of service connections. Fresno County approved this development, and CSA 34 has agreed to act as the water service purveyor. Because all of CSA 34B (the eastern service area) lies outside the designated Municipal and Industrial Place of Use boundary for Friant water supplies, there are no plans or ability on the part of the CSA to supply surface water to the eastern service area. 1 The agreement, entitled Settlement and Release Agreement, between Millerton New Town Development Company, a California General Partnership, and Forrest Fleming, et al, is dated May 9, 1989, and is recorded as Instrument No of Official Records, Fresno County. It is often unofficially referred to as the TEED-OFF Agreement, after the popular name of the Fleming group, Page ES-3

14 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 Instead, water will be pumped from groundwater wells within the tract. CSA 34B will always be a separate zone of benefit relying solely upon its own groundwater supply. This WSA does not evaluate the sufficiency of those groundwater wells. AEWSD and LTRID have each entered into CVP Friant Division long-term water supply contracts with USBR. (See also Appendices B and E). The contracts include provisions for one-time automatic extensions of 25 years and additional extensions of 40 years after that, subject to certain routine administrative conditions, such as application to the BOR for extension on a timely basis, and demonstration that the water is being used beneficially. Such renewal is considered routine and is not considered to materially impact long-term water supply reliability. In addition, as directed by Congress in the San Joaquin River Settlement legislation, these contracts are eligible for conversion to permanent status under subsection 9(d) of the Reclamation Project Act of 1939 and would no longer be required to request extensions. Both AEWSD and LTRID are pursuing such conversion, which is expected to be completed by late Conversion under subsection 9(d) would eliminate any need for future renewal, as the contracts would then be permanent. The terms and extension provisions of the three water supply agreements are tabulated below. Terms and Extension Provisions of Water Agreements Agreement Initial Term Through Extension Provisions 1. Arvin-Edison/ Fresno County Agreement 2. Lower Tule River ID/ Fresno County Agreement 3. Deer Creek and Tule River Authority (DCTRA) / Fresno County Agreement February 28, 2026 February 28, 2026 (amended May 8, 2007) May 8, 2037 (amended May 8, 2007) Successive 10-year renewals Successive 10-year renewals Successive 10-year renewals As demonstrated herein, CSA 34 has identified sufficient water supplies to satisfy the projected 20-year demands for the Project (See Table ), in addition to CSA 34 s existing and planned future developments, during normal, critical dry and multiple-dry years. Water supplies to serve the TMR and Granville units have not been secured along with a portion of the JPJ units. No water will be delivered to TMR, Granville, or Page ES-4

15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 the unsecure JPJ units until those units water supplies are contracted and available to CSA 34. Such agreement(s) could be done by those three parties jointly or separately. Since CSA 34 does not currently have the water supply infrastructure or environmental approval to deliver the identified water supply within the Place of Use Boundary to the Project or other planned future growth within the district (except for Tract 4870), this Water Supply Assessment explains the requisite steps CSA 34 is taking to secure the necessary approvals and develop the infrastructure necessary to serve the Project. In summary, CSA 34 will: (1) Participate in USBR approval processes for NEPA approval of water use within the Place of Use for the Project and other development boundaries within CSA 34 (Environmental Assessments can be completed jointly for all projects or separately). (2) Designate the Project as a separate Zone of Benefit within the CSA 34 service area and approve a Water Service Agreement for Project. This will be necessary to the extent that different water contracts have different pricing, which must be recovered from those users which benefit from that water supply and not from the CSA as a whole. (3) Obtain Regional Water Quality Control Board and Department of Public Health approvals for wastewater reuse areas added by the Project and its associated water treatment facility expansions. (4) Participate in the Fresno County approval process for the various phases of the Project, mandating construction of all necessary water infrastructure in accordance with the CSA s Infrastructure Master Plan as phases are proposed. (5) Construct (or inspect developer s construction of) the required infrastructure improvements, and verify that infrastructure is ready to be placed in service prior to occupancy of homes in the corresponding Project phases. Upon completion of any developer-constructed facilities, take ownership and assume operating responsibility in accordance with the water service agreement. This Water Supply Assessment also explains potential uncertainties related to the water supply and CSA 34 s plan for addressing such uncertainties. The following uncertainties relate to the identified Project water supply: Agreement 1, between AEWSD and Fresno County/ CSA 34, will result in 1,520 acre-feet of CVP or other supplies to be provided to CSA 34 by AEWSD unless reduced pursuant to the agreement. During the critical dry year, the AEWSD allocation from the CVP Friant Division may be reduced down to 25% (lowest on record in 1977) resulting in 10,000 AF to AEWSD. The language of the Agreement provides that the 1,520 AF supply is firm, and does not provide that it would be reduced for any reason in drier water years. AEWSD has only this one firm Page ES-5

16 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 municipal supply obligation at this time, and would have adequate CVP or other water supplies to perform even in the driest year on record. Agreement 3, between DCTRA and Fresno County/ CSA 34, is by definition a firm supply contract as well, and is backed not only by LTRID s CVP Class 1 allocation but by other pre-1914 water resources on the Tule River and banked groundwater stored in Kern County, as well as the resources of the other DCTRA partner agencies. Because LTRID s contractual commitments exceed their critical-dry year Class 1 allocation, there is a slight possibility that such a year could result in a potential shortfall of 135 AF out of the 770 acre-feet of supply to be provided to CSA 34 by DCTRA under Agreement 3. The net 635 AF supply would result in a total (together with the AEWSD supply under Agreement 1) that is still greater than the Project demand, and the expectation is that the other resources mentioned would be brought to bear to make up any potential Class 1 shortfall. Agreement 2 makes available an additional supply of up to 1,254 AF during a critical dry year, as a measure of conservatism, this Assessment factors the ability of LTRID to perform in the driest year by 82.5 percent. The backup supply will make available in required the amount of water that is equal to the reduced portion of Agreement 1 if needed. Taken together, these three agreements provide assurance of an adequate water supply for the Project in all types of water years including normal, critically dry and multiple-dry. As with Agreement 3, it is expected that in the event of a Class 1 shortfall, LTRID s other water resources would be brought to bear to make up any shortfall in the contracted delivery amount. An Eastern District Court ruling in 2006 against the CVP Friant Division threatened to result in a judicial remedy that could curtail allocations under the USBR s contracts for CVP water from Millerton Reservoir. In 2007, the parties to the litigation settled on a restoration plan for the San Joaquin River in lieu of a judicial remedy. The San Joaquin River Settlement Agreement, while significantly changing the allocation of water supplies between agricultural users and fisheries by reducing overall average deliveries to ag users by approximately 19 percent, will not significantly affect the Water Supply and/or Exchange Agreements proposed between Fresno County/ CSA 34 and LTRID/ AEWSD. In normal years, adequate flows are available to meet all Class 1 demands as now recorded, in addition to agreed-upon fish flows, so neither LTRID nor AEWSD would experience any reduction in its available Class 1 supplies and would continue to be able to meet their obligations to CSA 34. Another Eastern District Court-imposed remedy limiting the pumping operations related to the CVP export facilities in the Delta will cause water shortages for USBR contractors that receive CVP Northern California water supplies through the Delta. Though Fresno County/ CSA 34 does not receive exported water supplies through the Delta, there is a remote chance that Exchange Contractors that agreed to trade pre-friant Dam San Joaquin River water rights for CVP Delta originated supplies will exercise their call on CVP Friant Division water if they are unable to receive CVP exported water supply per the existing Exchange Agreement. Fresno County/ CSA 34 recognizes this potential uncertainty, but based on the priority given to Exchange Page ES-6

17 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FRESNO CO. COUNTY SERVICE AREA 34 Contractors and current projections for pumping restraints through the Delta, concludes that the potential call does not threaten to reduce the total CVP Friant Division water supplies to the CSA 34 Western Area and the Project at this time. Further, in the unlikely event that any Exchange Contractor(s) attempted to make such a call, the threatened consequences to the 1 million acre Friant Division of the CVP would almost certainly inspire immediate collective actions to meet emergency water needs of the Friant Division contractors. If the agreed-upon quantities of water were not available from the primary agreements with AEWSD or DCTRA, additional shortfall supply could be obtained from LTRID (backed by resources not affected by the Exchange Contracts), up to the full 1,520 AF named in Agreement 2. The LTRID, DCTRA and AEWSD contracts with the USBR for CVP Friant Division Class 1 water supplies (see Appendices B and E) are set to expire in However, the contracts provide for ongoing 25-year renewals so long as certain conditions are met. The USBR will consider the contractors written request for a renewal, subject to Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C et seq (ESA) and National Environmental Policy Act, 42 U.S.C et seq (NEPA) compliance. The County of Fresno contract with the USBR for CVP Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Division water supplies (see Appendices A) is currently being renewed on an interim basis through Execution of a long-term contract will be delayed until at least March of 2010, and may be delayed further for reasons beyond control of the parties involved. However, the contract does provide for a 25-year renewal so long as certain conditions are met. The Project water supply budget includes use of recycled water for outdoor landscaping uses. This recycled water is not included in the summary of surface water available to the project, but is counted as a separate source. Use of recycled water is subject to environmental review, and permit approvals by the Department of Public Health and the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. Page ES-7

18 SECTION ONE 1 INTRODUCTION This Water Supply Assessment evaluates the ability of Fresno County Service Area No. 34 (CSA 34) to meet water supply demands associated with the construction of a residential development, Tract Map 5430 ( Project ) within the boundaries of the Millerton Specific Plan Area, in accordance with the requirements of Section 10910, et seq, of the California Water Code. The 180-acre Project area at Millerton New Town is proximate to the Brighton Crest Development, which is also within the CSA 34 boundary, to the east of the Community of Friant in northeastern Fresno County, California. This assessment considers the Project water demand, in addition to the demand for existing and planned future uses within the current CSA 34 boundaries. CSA 34 consists of two separate service areas that are separated by an approximately 1,300 ft width of privately-owned land outside of the District. The western portion of the District consists of the developable areas of the Millerton New Town Specific Plan and Brighton Crest Development as shown on Figure 2-1 and is referred to herein as the Western Service Area. The CSA boundary differs from the MNT boundary at two locations along the north edge and northwest corner. These differences are illustrated on Figure 2-3 and are discussed in more detail in Section 8.2. The boundaries of the Eastern Service Area coincide with the boundaries of the Ventana Hills development. Section 10910, et seq., of the Water Code requires preparation of a Water Supply Assessment to inform the environmental review process for new development projects. Projects subject to the SB 610 requirements include any proposed residential development having more than 500 dwelling units or increasing the number of service connections for a public water system that has less than 5,000 connections by 10 percent or more. The following water sources are available to CSA 34 at this time: Agreement 1: An exchange agreement with the Arvin-Edison Water Storage District (AEWSD) for 1,520 AF of Class 1 water. Agreement 2: An agreement with Lower Tule River Irrigation District (LTRID) for up to 1,520 AF of Class 1 water in years when there is a reduction in Agreement 1. Agreement 3: An agreement with Deer Creek and Tule River Authority (DCTRA) for 770 AF of Class 1 water. DCTRA is a joint-powers authority which includes LTRID. The agreement is backed by the member agencies long-term supply agreements with USBR for Friant Division CVP supplies, as well as by the agencies other water resources including pre-1914 rights on the Tule river and banked groundwater. Additional supply sources remain necessary in the future to provide water supply to the units owned by Table Mountain Rancheria (TMR), Granville, and the remaining JPJ units. Page 1

19 SECTION TWO 2 DESCRIPTION OF DEVELOPMENT Millerton New Town and Brighton Crest are located in northeastern Fresno County several miles to the east of Friant Dam. In 1856 the town of Millerton was established as Fresno County s first county seat. It was initially settled as a mining camp during the gold rush with the residents switching to cattle grazing after they realized the region was not rich in gold deposits. Irrigation canals were then dug and this area became known for agriculture, yielding bountiful nut, vegetable and fruit crops. In the mid 1940 s, the town of Millerton was submerged when Millerton Lake was created to store water from the San Joaquin River via Friant Dam, for downstream agricultural interests. In the early 1980 s the area of CSA 34 was identified for expanded development in the foothills near Fresno and was given the name Millerton New Town. In 1984, the County Board of Supervisors certified the MNT Specific Plan Final EIR, and adopted the MNT Specific Plan. The Specific Plan was updated in 1999 and again in 2004, along with an addendum to the EIR, expanding the boundary to its current size. The 180 acres within the boundary of Tract 5430 ( Project ) are located in northeastern Fresno County. The Project is generally bordered on the south by the Millerton Road, on the east by Winchell Cove Road, and on the north and west by open lands. The Project is approximately seven miles northeast of the Fresno city limit and is 23 miles east of the city of Madera (see Figure 2-1). The Project proposes approximately 561 residential units, which include 381 singlefamily units with 6,000 sq-ft lot minimums, and 180 single-family units with 4,500 sq-ft lot minimums. The Project plans up to 37 acres of open space areas, including parks, storage ponds and spray re-use areas. Some of the open space area will remain nonirrigated due to existing steep slopes and other operational issues making irrigation impractical (See Figure 2-4). The projected build-out population for the Millerton New Town Specific Plan Area including the Project is approximately 8,000 to 10,000, which will include more than 3,900 housing units and approximately 100 acres of commercial uses including approximately 250,000 sq-ft of retail space. No industrial uses are planned. (See Figure 2-2) Certain infrastructure and future improvements related to the water system for CSA 34 exists or will be constructed on lands outside of the CSA boundary. These include upgrades of raw water supply pumps and the lake intake structure, along with raw water pipelines running from Millerton Lake at Winchell Cove to the Water Treatment Plant. Page 2

20 SECTION TWO Figure 2-1 Project Location Page 3

21 SECTION TWO Figure 2-2 Proposed Land Use Page 4

22 SECTION TWO Figure 2-3 Water Use Boundaries Page 5

23 SECTION TWO Figure 2-4 Tract 5430 Lake Ridge Communities Page 6

24 SECTION TWO Figure 2-5 Water Allocation Map Page 7

25 SECTION THREE 3 WATER CODE REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Water Supply Assessment Water Code Section 10910, et seq, defines a project as any residential development of 500 or more dwelling units (or equivalently-large commercial development), and requires the water purveyor (in this case, CSA 34) or the County itself to prepare a Water Supply Assessment prior to project approval. Project approval includes approval of any General Plan Amendment, rezoning, Specific Plan, or associated land use entitlements, including parcel or subdivision maps. The Water Supply Assessment must be included with the environmental document addressing the potential environmental impacts of the project. It must evaluate whether the supply of domestic water available to the development is adequate, and will continue to be adequate over the next 20 years, during normal, dry, and multiple-dry years. If the water purveyor concludes that its water supplies are, or will be, insufficient to meet the project demands (either in short or long term), the purveyor must state its plans for acquiring additional water supplies, and set forth the measures being undertaken to acquire and develop those water supplies. 3.2 Urban Water Management Plan The California Urban Water Planning Act requires urban water suppliers to submit an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) to the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) every five years if they provide water for municipal purposes to more than 3,000 customers or supply more than 3,000 acre-feet annually. The Water Code contemplates the use of UWMPs as the source of much of the information and evaluation needed to prepare a Water Supply Assessment in compliance with the above requirements. At this time, CSA 34 has not prepared a UWMP because it does not meet the purveyor size triggers for UWMP preparation. During project build-out, CSA 34 will exceed 3,000 water connections, and will be required to prepare and submit an UWMP. Based upon growth projections for Millerton New Town and the adjacent Brighton Crest development, CSA 34 is anticipated to exceed this number of connections in approximately Accordingly, this report contains the elements that would otherwise be cited by reference to the UWMP. Page 8

26 SECTION FOUR 4 AGENCIES Water resources management and utilization of these resources within the Millerton New Town (MNT) and Brighton Crest (BC) boundaries and Project area are controlled by four separate agencies. The subsections below provide a brief synopsis of the history, water supplies, facilities, and purpose of each agency. Figure 4-1 identifies agencies within the MNT and BC area as well as other water-related agencies in the surrounding area. Detailed explanations of water supplies are provided in Sections 5 and 6 of this report. 4.1 Fresno County Service Area No. 34 Fresno County Service Area 34 (CSA 34) is a special district formed pursuant to state law and authorized to provide water and sewer services to service areas within its sphere of influence. The services provided vary by service area, dependent upon the needs of the development within each of those areas. CSA 34 currently consists of two service areas Millerton New Town/ Brighton Crest and Ventana Hills divided by a 1,300 ft gap of private property not within the service boundary. CSA 34 encompasses 2,414 acres. The 2,093 acre Western Service Area includes the Millerton New Town Specific Plan (1,438 acres) and Brighton Crest (486 acres) developments. 169 acres of the Western Service Area are located adjacent to the Millerton New Town Specific Plan boundary. The 321 acre Eastern Service Area covers Ventana Hills, and was annexed into the District in CSA 34 will provide water service for Ventana Hills from two groundwater wells; no water will be sourced from the San Joaquin River since the Eastern service area is outside the permitted Place of Use for Friant system water. At build-out, Ventana Hills will contain 91 low density single family residences. Existing water demand for the Eastern Service Area of CSA 34 is minimal because Ventana Hills has only a handful of existing users at this time. In 2007, CSA 34 delivered 543 acre-feet of surface water from Millerton Lake to Western service area customers. Approximately 70 residential customers received treated water and one commercial customer (Brighton Crest Golf Course) received untreated water. Raw surface water is conveyed to CSA 34 from a subsurface pumping platform beneath Millerton Lake. Two submersible pumps feed a transmission main that runs along Winchell Cove Road to the Brighton Crest Golf Course south of Millerton Road. A portion of the untreated water is diverted there for golf course irrigation. The remaining raw water is conveyed in a 6-inch pipe to a 50,000 gallon raw water storage tank that feeds the CSA 34 water treatment plant. At the treatment plant, water is clarified, filtered and disinfected. The treated water is then stored in a 240,000 gallon underground concrete tank for use at Brighton Crest through the existing distribution system. Page 9

27 SECTION FOUR Figure 4-1 Water Agencies Page 10

28 SECTION FOUR 4.2 Bureau of Reclamation The US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) is the sole State of California water right permitholder for the stored San Joaquin River water impounded by, diverted, and released from Friant Dam. USBR has entered into service contracts for use of stored water from the CVP Friant Division with the 31 water agencies designated as CVP Friant Division long-term contractors. USBR has existing long-term service contracts with Lower Tule River Irrigation District (LTRID) and Arvin-Edison Water Storage District (AEWSD). See Appendices B and E for these contracts. 4.3 Lower Tule River Irrigation District Lower Tule River Irrigation District (LTRID) was formed in 1950 and is located in the southern third of Tulare County (see Figure 4-2). LTRID encompasses an area of 103,000 acres, including approximately 85,000 acres of agricultural lands irrigated by surface waters and groundwater. The other 18,000 acres are made up of native lands including river bottom and riparian areas and uses incidental to agriculture such as residences, on-farm infrastructure, roads, etc. Water is conveyed to the irrigated lands through a system of 300 miles of canals. LTRID s water supply portfolio includes: Class 1 supplies from the CVP Friant Division in the amount of 61,200 AF (The significance of Class 1 is explained in Section 5.3 below) Class 2 supplies from the CVP Friant Division in the amount of 238,000 AF (The significance of Class 2 is explained in Section 5.3 below) Cross Valley Canal Water, in the amount of 31,200 AF. Pre-1914 water right to water from the Tule River, which is stored behind Success Dam and has an average yield of 40,000 AF. Agreement 2 is based upon LTRID s Class 1 and Class 2 Friant supplies, which are adequate in most circumstances to meet the obligations contemplated. In the most critical dry years, no Class 2 water would be available, and there is a possibility that the Class 1 Friant supplies would fall short of LTRID s supply obligations by a small amount. In those years, LTRID would make the contracted quantity of water available to the Project by pumping Tule River water into the Friant-Kern Canal for use by downstream CVP contractors in lieu of CVP Class 1 supplies. Additional supplies could be pumped from LTRID s banked groundwater resources. The CVP Class 1 supplies in Millerton Lake originally reserved for those downstream CVP contractors would then instead be delivered to the Project. No water other than CVP Class 1 would be delivered to CSA 34 under any circumstances. Page 11

29 SECTION FOUR Because of the somewhat-variable timing of river runoff, there is a slight chance that the Pre-1914 supplies might not be available on a timely basis in a year when Class 1 supplies were particularly short, and LTRID could experience a slight shortfall in its ability to perform, if no groundwater resources were available. (See analysis, Appendix G.) To be very conservative, this Assessment factors the supply available under Agreement Deer Creek and Tule River Authority The Deer Creek and Tule River Authority (DCTRA) is a joint powers Authority comprised of the following members: Lower Tule River Irrigation District, Pixley Irrigation District, Porterville Irrigation District, Sausalito Irrigation District, Stone Corral Irrigation District, and Terra Bella Irrigation District. The DCTRA s primary purpose is the joint exercise of the powers of the DCTRA members in order to facilitate more efficient operations and management of their activities. Integral to this purpose is the joint conjunctive management of the DCTRA members surface and groundwater supplies. The DCTRA works with its members and other water entities to insure an adequate water supply. The DCTRA encompasses an area of 230,300 acres, with the water conveyed to these lands through multiple systems with a combined total of over 350 miles of canals, approximately 50 miles of rivers, and countless miles of distribution pipe systems. Page 12

30 SECTION FOUR DCTRA s water supply portfolio includes: Table Deer Creek & Tule River Authority - Supply Summary DCTRA CVP Friant (AF) *Class 1 *Class 2 CVP Delta (by CV Canal) (AF) Other Water Supply (AF) Groundwater Safe Yield (AF) Groundwater Recharge LTRID 61, ,000 Pixley ID ,102 Tule River 70,000 31,102 Groundwater, Deer Creek * Unknown * Via Deer Creek Porterville ID 16,000 30,000 0 Tule River 12,900 Avg., Porter Slough 0 Yes Sausalito ID 21,200 32, CVC Supply Mole Ditch * Deer Creek (only when CVP water is diverted from FKC) Stone Corral ID 10, af/y via exchanges 0 3,200 Unknown Terra Bella ID 29, Deer Creek * The safe groundwater yield is difficult to quantify. However, the safe yield of groundwater is generally considered to be 1 af of water for every 1 acre of land. Although Agreement 3 is between Fresno County and DCTRA, not LTRID, LTRID is the sole long-term contractor member of DCTRA, and the LTRID is named on the BOR application as the exchange partner for the CVP Friant Division supplies. The water resources that back up the DCTRA agreement come from all of the DCTRA member districts. 4.5 Arvin-Edison Water Storage District Arvin-Edison Water Storage District (AEWSD) manages the delivery of local groundwater and water imported into its service area from CVP s Millerton Reservoir via the Friant-Kern Canal. Arvin-Edison WSD is located in central Kern County and covers about 132,000 acres of primarily agricultural land. Arvin-Edison WSD operates its supplies conjunctively, storing water in the underlying aquifer when imported supplies are plentiful and withdrawing water when the availability of imported supplies is reduced. In the 1970s, Arvin-Edison WSD entered into a number of agreements with Page 13

31 SECTION FOUR other water districts, jointly known as the Cross Valley Canal Exchange. This allows Arvin-Edison WSD to schedule water deliveries through the California Aqueduct. AEWSD s water supply portfolio includes: Class 1 supplies from the CVP Friant Division in the amount of 40,000 AF Class 2 supplies from the CVP Friant Division in the amount of 311,675 AF Other Surface Supplies from the Kern River. Groundwater Safe Yield of 89,900 AF total Groundwater Recharge Banking Program that stores surplus water in wet years for use during dry years. Agreement 1 stipulates a firm supply of 1,520 AF annually. AEWSD has no other firm contractual obligations at this time. In the driest year on record, AEWSD would expect to receive 25% of its normal Class 1 supply, or 10,000 AF, and would be easily able to meet its obligation to Fresno County under Agreement 1. Therefore, this Assessment allows full credit to Agreement 1 as a reliable water supply. Page 14

32 SECTION FOUR Figure 4-2 Water Purveyor Page 15

33 SECTION FIVE 5 REGIONAL WATER SUPPLIES This section summarizes the regional water supplies in the Central Valley that are used to satisfy the urban and agricultural demands within this region. The three major water supplies for the Central Valley are 1) precipitation, 2) groundwater, and 3) surface water. More detailed information pertaining to water supply in the Millerton New Town Specific Plan and Project area is contained in Section Six, Local Water Supplies. 5.1 Precipitation Annual rainfall in and around the Millerton New Town area varies from less than eight inches in a dry year to more than 28 inches in a wet year. The average annual precipitation is approximately 14 inches. The amount of precipitation captured and stored in the water table depends upon soil conditions, slopes, and duration of storm events. MNT lies mostly within a small drainage system which is tributary to Little Dry Creek. Its headwaters are near Table Mountain. A seasonal stream (White Fox Creek) runs through the MNT lands and is the primary drainage feature. Most natural seepage of precipitation occurs in the drainage courses that meander from east to the west. Since any benefit accruing from precipitation is only to groundwater supplies, and no groundwater supplies are relied upon by this Assessment, precipitation is not considered a significant water supply for the purposes of this Assessment. 5.2 Groundwater The Millerton New Town area watershed is not located within an alluvial groundwater basin as defined under the State of California Department of Water Resources publication California s Groundwater Bulletin 118 Update (October, 2003), attached hereto as Appendix H. The extent of the basin and the Madera Sub-basin is north of the San Joaquin River and no further east than just out of the valley floor towards Millerton Lake. Near Millerton Lake the underlying geology becomes less alluvial and much more granitic in composition. There is less uniformity of soils formed through alluvial deposition, and much greater prominence of fractured granitic rock formations and outcroppings, with varying depths of surface soils. Groundwater within MNT occurs in granitic rock in fracture zones in the deeper hard rock and the weathered upper zone. The capacity of the deeper hard rock to store and transmit water is solely dependent upon the development of secondary openings, such as fracture and joint systems. The amount of storage in fracture zones is generally very limited, but these systems are of interest because of their ability to transmit water from areas of more favorable storage. The weathered rock of the upper zone has greatest greater potential for storage which varies depending on the thickness and overall void space of the weathered material. Page 16

34 SECTION FIVE The majority of the Project site is a broad, gently sloping valley. Here, the weathered rock base feet thick, with a potential for holding and transmitting substantial amounts of water. In the hilly areas surrounding MNT, the weathered layer is thinner with a correspondingly lower water storage capacity. Groundwater in the general area is generally of good quality. Precipitation is the major source of water introduced into the project area. The weathering of two mineral groups in the soil and rock, micas and feldspars, contributes the bulk of the dissolved solids to percolating water. Well tests in the vicinity indicate that water quality is typical for foothill wells and is of excellent chemical quality for domestic use. The Project will not rely on groundwater resources. As discussed in Section 4.1, CSA 34 does not serve groundwater supplies for uses within Millerton New Town. While a single back-up/emergency well is in place, limited to pumping up to 75 AF per year by agreement (see footnote, page ES-3), the well is typically used only in case of failure of the lake pumps. Because of the limited data available on the sustainable yield of the aquifer being pumped and the adequacy of the surface supplies available, this well is not being considered part of the reliable supply evaluated for the purposes of this report. CSA 34 does plan to use separate infrastructure to serve groundwater supplies to its Eastern Service Area. Additionally, two private wells are located near the corner of Millerton and Winchell Cove Roads. These private wells are not a part of the existing or proposed water system. 5.3 San Joaquin River Millerton Lake, impounded by Friant Dam, is located on the main stream of the San Joaquin River about 25 miles northeast of Fresno and is the principal storage facility in the Friant Division of the CVP. The dam was completed in Small diversions through the Madera Canal began in 1944 and through the Friant-Kern Canal in However, full operation of the CVP Friant Project did not occur until 1951, when the Delta-Mendota Canal was completed. Until that time, water was released from Friant Dam for the exchange contractors downstream. The exchange contractors are the San Joaquin River water rights holders who exchanged their use of natural river runoff for a substitute supply delivered through one of the three canals mentioned above. Total water supply from stored water within the CVP Friant Division is approximately 2,150,000 AF. Water made available from the Friant Division of the CVP may be assigned one of three possible classifications depending on hydrologic conditions. These classifications include: Class 1 - Water that is considered dependable in most years with deficiencies only in dry or very dry years. Class 1 commitments total 800,000 AF annually. Class 2 - Water that is in excess of Class 1 commitments, and accordingly is less dependable as to its quantity and time of occurrence. Class 2 Page 17

35 SECTION FIVE commitments total 1,400,000 AF annually. Section 215 Surplus water released into the San Joaquin River during flood or spill conditions to regulate Millerton Lake storage. Section 215 water availability varies from year to year. According to delivery records from the USBR, average annual deliveries for Class 1 waters from 1966 to 2006 has been 94 percent. (see Appendix I & Figure 5-1) During this same period, contractors received their full contracted amount of Class 1 water allotment during 32 of the 41 years. The critical dry year for Class 1 water occurred in 1977, with contractors receiving 25 percent of contracted supplies. In the past 41 years (the total number of years for which records are available) there has never been a year when no Class 1 water was available. Class 1 water is considered to be reliable for the purposes of this Water Supply Assessment, at the rate of 25 percent of the contracted amount. The average annual deliveries for Class 2 waters from 1966 to 2006 has been 45 percent. The average yield for Class 2 water commitments over that same period has been 45 percent. Contractors received their full allotment of Class 2 water allotment during 8 of the 41 years, with no allotment in 10 of the 41 years, including the period from 1987 to Class 2 supplies are not considered to be reliable in the context of this Water Supply Assessment, but can be used when available to meet the contractual obligations discussed below. In addition to the allocated Class 1 and Class 2 supplies, USBR makes Section 215 water available during flood releases from Millerton Lake. The San Joaquin River tends to experience more frequent flood releases than some rivers regulated by larger reservoirs because of the limited storage capacity of Friant Dam (540,000 AF) versus the size of the average San Joaquin river runoff (approximately 1.5 million AF). Annual Section 215 releases from Friant Dam to the San Joaquin River have averaged approximately 465,000 AF, though the year-to-year variance is very high. From 1966 through 2006, Class 215 releases were made in 19 years, or about one year in every two. Releases have been available an average of four months each year that Class 215 water was available. Section 215 releases are not considered to be reliable in the context of this Water Supply Assessment, but can be used when available to meet the contractual obligations discussed below. Agreement 1, between the County of Fresno and AEWSD, provides CSA 34 with an annual CVP Friant Division water supply amount of 1,520 AF, net of conveyance losses and evaporation, to be available for the Project and other developments within CSA 34. Compensation under the agreement includes cash payments and the County s full 3,000 AF allocation of CVP-Delta water, which Arvin-Edison can deliver to Kern County for banking through the California Aqueduct and its series of Kern County exchange agreements. See Appendix C for further explanation of this agreement. Page 18

36 SECTION FIVE AEWSD has a USBR long-term contract for a total of 40,000 AF of CVP Friant Division Class 1 supplies and up to 311,675 AF of CVP Friant Division Class 2 supplies, which has been reduced to as low as 10,000 AF in the critical dry year on record. AEWSD has no other firm contractual obligations at this time. In the driest year on record, AEWSD would expect to receive 25% of its normal Class 1 supply, or 10,000 AF, and would be easily able to meet its obligation to Fresno County under Agreement 1. Therefore, this Assessment allows full credit to Agreement 1 as a reliable water supply. Agreement 2, between Fresno County and LTRID, provides for up to an additional 1,520 AF of CVP Class 1 water that LTRID will make available during years when Agreement 1 has been reduced in order to backfill potential shortages. These shortages could be due either to a lack of performance under Agreement 1, or by calls on the Agreement 1 supply by other County service areas outside of the CSA 34 service area. (See Appendix F for details of LTRID s shortfall supply agreement.) Agreement 3, between Fresno County and DCTRA, provides CSA 34 with an annual water supply of 770 AF, net of conveyance losses and evaporation, to be available for developments specified by Clarksfield Companies within CSA 34. (See Tables 8.2.1, and 8.2.4). As explained above, water for this agreement is sourced from DCTRA member districts supplies including LTRID s CVP Class 1 supplies, and is firmed up by LTRID s other water supply assets, including Pre-1914 rights on the Tule River, and water in groundwater storage in Kern County. These additional resources allow DCTRA, acting through LTRID as the USBR s designated exchange partner, the ability to assure delivery of the contracted supply amount during normal, dry and critically-dry years, without shortage. See Appendix D for further explanation of this agreement. LTRID has a USBR long-term contract for a total of 61,200 AF of CVP Friant Division Class 1 supplies, which has been reduced to as low as 15,300 AF in the driest year on record (1977). LTRID has other firm commitments, so absent its other supplies, LTRID could possibly experience a shortfall of CVP Class 1 water to fulfill its commitment to CSA 34. The magnitude of the shortfall could be as much as 135 AF. This would typically be made up by LTRID s Pre-1914 and Kern groundwater bank supplies. Due to a very slight uncertainty in the timing of the availability of the other supplies, the firm water commitment under this agreement has been conservatively factored by 82.5 percent for the purposes of this Assessment. See Appendix G. Unlike the recent San Joaquin River Settlement, which requires release of water from the CVP Friant Division for in-stream habitat restoration, the provisions of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) 3406 b(2) have not been applied to the Friant Division operations and thus will not have any direct impact upon water supplies to be made available to AEWSD and LTRID (or the Project) from the Friant Division of the CVP. The total project yield for this program is 800,000 AF; however, release of this Page 19

37 SECTION FIVE water is not required during critical drought conditions on the system. Although CVPIA does require flow to be put back into the San Joaquin River, all plans require Congressional approval. Page 20

38 SECTION FIVE Figure 5-1 Historical Friant CVP Water Allocation Page 21

39 SECTION SIX 6 LOCAL WATER SUPPLIES AND RELIABILITY 6.1 Groundwater Groundwater supplies in the vicinity of CSA 34 are limited and geographically spotty. Typically, groundwater wells are used to support individual single-family homes and other developments that do not reside within the service boundary of a water purveyor or within the place of use for surface water supplies. Groundwater users within the CSA 34 Western Service Area include a few supplemental wells for Table Mountain Rancheria, which is outside of the USBR Municipal and Industrial Place of Use boundary for Friant waters. (The main source of water for the Rancheria is surface water treated by Water Works District 18 in Friant and trucked to the Rancheria). CSA 34 will not use groundwater to satisfy Project demands or the existing and planned future uses within the Western Service Area inside the Place of Use boundary. Rather, CSA 34 will rely on the surface water sources discussed in other sections of this report. Groundwater is currently used at the Ventana Hills project located in the Eastern Service Area and is proposed for use with the Marina Estates project along the northern edge of the Western Service Area on the west side of Winchell Cove Road. Since these projects are not in the Western Service Area and are not supplied from the same sources as the Project, the demands for these two projects are not analyzed as part of this WSA. 6.2 San Joaquin River CSA 34 will provide San Joaquin River water from its storage behind Friant Dam in Millerton Reservoir to the Project. CSA 34 has a San Joaquin River water supply by virtue of the Fresno County contracts with AEWSD, LTRID and DCTRA which are explained in Section 1 of this WSA, and summarized in Table below. Each of these water supplies is sourced from Millerton Lake, which stores runoff from the San Joaquin River watershed for diversion to its water contractors. Table Contract Water Supply Summary Allocation Agency Water Supply (Class & AF) County of Fresno CVP-Delta 3,000 AF Class1 Use AEWSD CVP-Friant 1,520 AF Class 1 (For CSA 34) Exchange Agreement: CVP- Delta water for CVP-Friant DCTRA CVP-Friant 770 AF Class 1 Standard Supply Agreement LTRID CVP-Friant 1,520 AF Class 1 Shortfall Supply Agreement Page 22

40 SECTION SIX Use of stored water from the San Joaquin River is controlled by contracts between a number of special districts in the Central Valley and the USBR, dating from the 1940s and 1950s. According to the USBR website, the USBR has renewed approximately 27 long-term contracts. (see Appendices B and E). However, USBR s operation of the CVP Friant Division has been subject to environmental litigation in the United States District Court, Eastern District of California. (Natural Resources Defense Council v. Rodgers, E.D. Cal. Civ. No. S ) The plaintiffs in the lawsuit, the National Resources Defense Council (NRDC), have sought greater water releases from Millerton Reservoir into the San Joaquin River to maintain water temperature and support fisheries, among other objectives. Doing so would mean reduced quantities of water for the long-term contractors in many years, as some portion of the flows normally released into the canals, including the Friant-Kern Canal that provides AEWSD, DCTRA, and LTRID their water supplies from Millerton Lake, would instead be released directly into the San Joaquin River channel. In 2006, the District Court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. In 2007, prior to the District Court s consideration of appropriate remedies, the litigants agreed to a proposed remedy within a settlement agreement, which can be reviewed at Under the settlement agreement, the USBR will be required to release specified amounts of water into the San Joaquin River from Friant Dam based upon the water runoff forecast for each year. No supplemental restoration water is to be released in the driest five percent of years, as compared with the period between 1922 and The settlement agreement does not require supplemental releases for instream uses when the annual runoff is projected to be 35 percent of average or less. (The five-percent benchmark looks to the driest four years of the 82-year period between 1924 and 2005 which are: 1924, at 25 percent of average annual runoff; 1931, at 27 percent; 1976, at 35 percent; and 1977, at 20 percent) This Assessment assumes the District Court will not have to issue a remedy order in lieu of the settlement terms. However, the settlement ultimately hinges on Federal financing. Without Federal support via Congressional appropriations to fund restoration of the San Joaquin river channel, all USBR contracts for CVP Friant Division water may be subject to a future court-ordered remedy. The scope of such an order could affect all CVP Friant Division contractors, including AEWSD and LTRID. Along with the USBR settlement agreement in the NRDC case, the Project Owner and other New Town area landowners have entered into two agreements, one with the NRDC and the other with the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG), which provide for the parties to pay approximately $3,000,000 toward San Joaquin River Restoration. The agreement with DFG provides the funds are to be used to protect, conserve, restore, enhance and maintain fish, wildlife, native plants or their habitats in the San Joaquin River from Friant Dam to Vernalis, California. The agreement with NRDC provides that the monies are to be used to support public education and other activities related to the restoration of flows and native fish populations of the San Joaquin River downstream of Friant Dam and the implementation of the settlement of NRDC vs. Rodgers. Page 23

41 SECTION SIX In addition to the NRDC case against the USBR operations of the CVP Friant Division, NRDC also challenged the Endangered Species Act Section 7 consultation associated with USBR s operation of the entire CVP system. (NRDC v. Kempthorne, E.D. Cal. Case No. CV ) After finding in favor of the plaintiffs on ESA violations related to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service s biological opinion concerning the USBR CVP operations, the District Court issued an oral decision regarding interim remedies for Delta smelt. Key remedies in this ruling include: reduction in SWP supplies up to 30%, restricting Tracy and Banks Pumping Plant pumping operations from November until June, and implementation of a monitoring program for the Delta smelt. In his latest ruling, in May, 2009, Federal District Judge Oliver Wanger ruled that the Biological Opinion upon which these remedies were based is flawed, because it does not take into consideration the human cost of the remedies. Judge Wanger directed that a modified BO be prepared. This ruling was viewed by water interests as a positive development and although the exact impact upon Export Contractors of this ruling cannot be quantified at this time, one can reasonably expect continued reductions in their deliveries, below their contract amounts, although the reductions may be less severe than under the original BO. Ultimately, the impacts will vary by water year and will result in substantial water allocation reductions in critical dry years. Runoff flow from the San Joaquin River was first tracked and recorded in Now the USBR is responsible for tracking this data. For additional information about runoff volume from the San Joaquin River, see Appendix I. The County of Fresno has a total CVP water service contract for 3,000 AF of CVP-Delta water (See Appendix A). The County has exchanged this allocation in full to AEWSD under Agreement 1, allowing the County to draw water to service CSA 34 directly from Millerton Lake. Page 24

42 SECTION SIX Table Past County of Fresno Yearly Water History for CSA 34. Year CV Delta Allocation % (AF) Taken in District (AEWSD s contract supply by exchange) AF Co of Fresno s Contract Supply Taken by AEWSD (as part of the Article 5 exchange) AF Contract Supply Transferred In (AF) Contract Supply Transferred Out (AF) % (3,000) % (2,580) % (2,700) % (3,000) % (3,000) 427 2,100 to Westlands Water District % (1,950) % (1,470) 75% (2,250) 75% (2,250) 540 1, , % (2,100) 75% (2,250) 100% (3,000) 50% (1,500) 474 1) 1,950 to Westlands Water District ) Westlands 2,250 to Water District 497 1) 548 1) 1) Transfer from FID/City of Fresno not part of County of Fresno s contract supply. Page 25

43 SECTION SIX 6.3 Recycled/Reclaimed Effluent CSA 34 will use recycled wastewater (also sometimes referred to as reclaimed wastewater) to irrigate the majority of backbone roadway and commercial area landscaping and the Brighton Crest Golf Course. CSA 34 has obtained a Reclamation Permit from the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) allowing this use (see Appendix L). The permit allows for use throughout the project and the golf course; final design decisions by the developer may result in recycled water being applied to only portions of the approved areas. The reclamation permit allows for treatment of up to 1.07 million gallons per day. Approximately 1,100 AF of effluent will be available per year, with roughly 355 AF being used at Brighton Crest Golf Course. See Table for the projected effluent demands, and see Table for comparison with the actual water use for The 355 AF planned for recycling annually will supplement freshwater use, allowing connection of additional units without increasing gross surface water supply. Table Projected Recycled Effluent Demand for Brighton Crest Golf Course Irrigation Irrigation Area (acres) 1) = 76.9 Irrigation Application Efficiency 2) = 80% Normal Year Etc Grass 4) Normal Year Effective Rainfall 3) (in) Gross Crop Need 5) (in) Effluent Recycled ) (in) Soil Moisture Start 7) (in) Soil Moisture End 8) (in) Percolation & Leaching 9) > 4.32 in Month (in) January February March April May June July August September October November December Total *Start at 0 Stored 0.76 Total (AF) = 355 September 1st 0 Balance: ) Existing Irrigation Area per Aerial Photo Map delineation. 2) Irrigation Application Efficiency = sprinkler systems = 80% 3) Effective Rainfall = Usable rainfall calculated using DWR estimation method. 4) Etc Grass = Eto x Crop Factors - ITRC wet year (1998) evapo-transpiration data. 5) Gross Crop Need = ET of Crop divided by Irrigation Efficiency. 6) Effluent Recycled = Amount of effluent applied to turf areas. 7) Soil Moisture Start = Rootzone available moisture at the beginning of the month. 8) Soil Moisture End = Rootzone available moisture at the end of the month. 9) Percolation and Leaching = Deep percolation losses and leaching requirement. Page 26

44 SECTION SIX 6.4 Soquel Water A small quantity of pre-1914 water sourced from Soquel Creek in Madera County, the entitlement to which belongs to the Madera Irrigation District (MID) under a Warren Act contract, flows in the San Joaquin River and through Millerton Lake. By definition, it is not stored by Friant Dam but passes through the reservoir. This water is not available for use by CSA 34, and will not be unless Fresno County were to make a diversion agreement with MID. MID does contract for diversion of a portion of the Soquel entitlement with Table Mountain Rancheria, for use on TMR lands outside of CSA 34. This water does not meet TMR s supply obligation to CSA 34 as discussed above. Page 27

45 SECTION SEVEN 7 EXISTING WATER USAGE 7.1 Project Area Undeveloped uses at the Project Site have historically relied only on natural precipitation and do not depend on additional water supply to support cattle grazing. Use of natural precipitation for cattle grazing on the proposed Project Site was estimated from crop survey reports prepared by DWR. DWR crop surveys for 1994 and 2000 were compared to estimate existing annual consumptive water demand. No significant differences were noted. According to the 2000 crop survey, the entire Project Site is classified as native vegetation (see Figure 7-1). Using the agronomic water demand rate for native vegetation (0.5 acre-feet per acre per year according to data from the University of California Experiment Station in Fresno County), water use for the existing 180-acre Project Site is estimated at 90 acrefeet per year (AFY). 7.2 Existing CSA 34 Service Area The water system servicing the Eastern Service Area of CSA 34 is a stand-alone system and there are no plans to connect this service area to the Western Service Area. CSA 34 will provide water for the Eastern Service Area from two groundwater wells; no water will be sourced from the San Joaquin River. The Eastern Service Area is not part of the analysis in this WSA. Table summarizes the historical existing surface water deliveries within the Western Service Area of CSA 34. Table Existing Water Use Demand within CSA 34 Western Service Area (2005) Date Total Demand (AF) Golf Irrig (AF) SWTP (AF) 1/5/ /2/ /1/ /1/ /2/ /31/ /1/ /1/ /31/ /3/ /1/ /1/ Total Page 28

46 SECTION SEVEN Figure DWR Land Use Page 29

47 SECTION EIGHT 8 WATER DEMANDS AND FACILITIES This section summarizes water demands of the Project and existing and planned future development within the District s Western service area boundaries (including Brighton Crest) along with water system infrastructure that is required to provide potable water to the users within the Project and the Millerton New Town Infrastructure Plan Area. Project demands were evaluated by customer types and in 5-year increments until build-out in Build-out water demands are quantified, and demands for the Project and CSA 34 Western Area were evaluated for normal, critical dry, and multi-dry year hydrologic conditions. This analysis does not include the demands resulting from TMR s water units, which will not be implanted until TMR secures an independent and reliable water source. 8.1 Project Demand All Project water demands are based upon the proposed Land Use Plan in the 2004 Millerton New Town Specific Plan and the 2000 Millerton New Town Infrastructure Master Plan (IMP). The Project will be limited to 561 units, distributed between two single-family residential unit lot sizes. (See details, Figure 2-4 above.) On the several tables in Sections 8.1 and 8.2, the values for Persons per Unit are taken from the population density table provided on page 3 of the Water Infrastructure section of the Millerton New Town IMP. The Water Usage in gallons per capita per day is taken from the Average Daily Demand section on page 7 of that same document. Also from page 7 is the Equivalent Residential Units for each of the commercial land uses. These values have been used in the Millerton Specific Plan to calculate the Total Usage amounts for each residential and commercial area, grouped by tentative map or Specific Plan land use designation. The Water Contract quantities are estimated using an average value provided in Section F.1, Community Water, of the Specific Plan. There, the plan estimates total water use to be 4.84 acre-feet per day for the fullydeveloped Specific Plan area s 3,499 units, which resolves to an average of acrefeet per year per unit. The water demand calculations presented in this report vary slightly, as land uses have been refined since the Specific Plan and better projections can be made with that added information. Potable water demands were estimated based on design criteria available within the IMP. The IMP does not provide for as much water for outdoor use as similar developments in other parts of the County typically use. Developing within the available water supply will require strict adherence to outdoor landscaping policies designed to reduce water demands. Techniques for such reduction may include limitations on grass lawn area, restrictions on numbers and species of plants per unit, and other conditions as may prove advisable to the District. Development of specific water use policies is beyond the scope of this WSA. Page 30

48 SECTION EIGHT Using the residential demand rates provided in the IMP technical memos prepared in 2003 and 2004 resulted in the suggested landscaping requirements for residential units within Millerton New Town of 1,800 sq-ft of turf (based upon the irrigation needs of Bermuda grass) and 100 sq-ft of typical species of shrubs and flower beds (See Appendix K). Using this method, the average annual demand for the proposed Project is estimated to be 303 acre-feet in a normal hydrological year. The following Table presents a summary of water usage for residential development within the area, based upon the methodology above. Table Projected Project Average Daily Demand for Water By Residence Type and Density (Based upon MNT Infrastructure Master Plan Information) Residence Type No. Of Units Single-Family (6,000 SF min) 381 Single-Family (4,500 SF min) 180 Water Usage (gpcpd) Demand Total Usage (gpd) Total Usage (AF/yr) Water Contract AF (#) Land Use Persons per Unit Med- Low Density , (1) Medium Density , (1) Total (1) Overall indoor water use patterns for proposed land uses and densities are expected to be similar to those of other Valley communities which have implemented water metering together with tiered rates. Outdoor water use is expected to be limited by landscaping restrictions. The water demands for the Project at build-out are presented in Table The buildout schedule was estimated by the Developer. Actual build-out will be subject to market forces and may be shorter or longer than illustrated. Table Projected Build-Out Schedule by Dwelling Units Customer Single-Family (6,000 sqft) Single-Family (4,500 sqft) Total Units Notes: 1. Assumes construction begins in Assumed build-out by Page 31

49 SECTION EIGHT 8.2 CSA 34 Demand Western Service Area The current water demands within the Western Service Area of CSA 34 are attributed to approximately 70 residential users and the Brighton Crest Golf Course along with the anticipated demand of the remaining approved units that have yet to be constructed. For purposes of this assessment, the planned future development uses for the Western Service Area are determined based on the 2004 Millerton New Town Specific Plan land use designations for the land within the CSA boundaries and the 2000 Millerton New Town Infrastructure Master Plan, but do not include demands which would be imposed by the water units controlled by TMR, Granville, and portions of JPJ units, which are obliged to secure additional water supplies before being granted water service by CSA 34. At build out, the Western Service Area is anticipated to have an additional annual demand of 1,538 AF, which will result in a consumptive water demand of 2,084 AFY. Most of that demand will be associated with residential (medium-low, medium, and medium-high) land uses. The various demand areas are shown in Tables below. See Figure 2-5 for map of water allocations. Page 32

50 SECTION EIGHT Table Western Service Area - Millerton New Town Residential Distribution (excluding Project Tract 5430 ) Demand Total Usage (gpd) Total Usage (AF/yr) Water Contract AF (Contract #) Project/ Developer No. Of Units Land Use Density Persons per Unit Usage (gpcpd) Approved Tentative Maps Tract Med-Low , (1) Tract Medium , (3) Tract Med-Low , (1) Tract Medium , (3) Tract Med-Low , (3) Tract Medium , (3) Subtotal 1, Future Development (With Water Contract Allocation Reserved) JPJ-Area G 480 Med-Low , (3) Tract Med-High , (3) Tract Medium , (3) Clarksfield 29 Medium , (1) Clarksfield 9 Medium , (1) Subtotal Future Development (Without Water Contract Allocation Reserved) JPJ-Area D 125 Med-High , No Contract JPJ-Area D 224 Med-Low , No Contract JPJ-Area F 10 Medium ,450 5 No Contract Granville 100 Medium , No Contract TMR 200 Med-High , No Contract TMR 340 Medium , No Contract Subtotal No Contract Total 2,658 1, Page 33

51 SECTION EIGHT Table Western Service Area - Millerton New Town Commercial Distribution CUP / Developer No. Of Units Land Use White Fox Creek Sub-Unit Plan (44-acres) CUP 2865/3035 (120 EDU) Inn & Conference Center Gas Station / Convenience Persons per Unit Usage (gpcpd) Demand Total Usage (gpd) Total Usage (AF/yr) Special Commercial , Central Business - - 1, Retail B Central Business - - 1, Retail 9,000sqft - - 1, ,800 sqft Retail , ,000 sqft (Library & Firehouse) Government Center - - 6, CSA Allotment AF (Contract #) Subtotal (1) CUP 2865/ Resort Villas , (3) North East Corner Millerton & Winchell Cove Roads (14-acres) 125,000sqft (Retail) Central Business , (3) Table Mountain Rancheria (10-acres) 60 EDU from Area C Service Commercial 23, No Contract Subtotal 240 EDU (1 & 3) Area H Commercial Zoning (7-acres) 3-acres Mini- Storage Facility 4-acres Retail (27,000 sqft) Service Commercial - - 2, (3) Neighborhood Commercial - - 5, (3) Subtotal 20 EDU (3) OTHER NON-RESIDENTIAL USES *Area G Clovis Unified 20 EDU School (18.9 ac) ,852 (180 days) 6 6 (1) *Area G - RE-Zoning (15 ac) RV Park (3) Subtotal 20 EDU (1 & 3) 181 TOTAL 280 EDU (1) 90 (3) Page 34

52 SECTION EIGHT Table Western Service Area - Residential Distribution Outside of MNT & Brighton Crest Boundaries Pop. Person per Unit Demand Total Usage (gpd) Project/ Developer No. Of Units Land Use Usage (gpcpd) Future Development (Without Water Contract Allocation Reserved) *Outside Place of Use Municipal Service Boundary Pending Tract Marina Estates 79 Table Mountain Rancheria 225 Med- Low Total Usage (AF/yr) *Separate Groundwater system to be provided. CSA Allotment AF (Contract #) 43 (3) *reserved for recharge Medium Density , No Contract Total (3) Table Western Service Area - Brighton Crest No. Project / Developer Of Units Land Use Existing Brighton Crest Homes Tracts 4048, 4197, 4241, Pop. Person per Unit Usage (gpcpd) Demand Total Usage (gpd) Total Usage (AF/yr) CSA Allotment AF (Contract #) Med-Low Density , (1) Golf Course (1) Approved Tracts 4048, 4197, 4241, Med-Low Density , (1) Existing Subtotal (1) Future Brighton Crest Homes Single-Family 203 Med-Low Density , (1) Med-High PUD/ Multi-Family 63 Density , (1) Future Subtotal (1) Brighton Crest Homes Remaining Allotment Backup Allocation 214 (1) Backup Subtotal (1) TOTAL (1) Page 35

53 SECTION EIGHT Table Western Service Area Total Demand Summary with Contracts or Options Project/ Developer No. Of Units Demand Total Usage (AF/yr) Water Contract AF Water Contract #1 - AEWSD Project Demand Tract Millerton New Town Residential Distribution Approved Tentative Maps Tract Tract Future Development with Contract Clarksfield (near 5393) Clarksfield (near 5430) Millerton New Town Commercial Distribution Approved Conditional Use Permits/ Allocations CUP EDU School 20 EDU 6 6 Brighton Crest Development Existing Future Golf Course Addtnl. Supply Allotted Water Contract #1 - Total 1,612 1,338 1,520 Water Contract #3 - LTRID Millerton New Town Residential Distribution Approved Tentative Maps Tract Tract Tract Future Development with Contract JPJ-Area G Tract Millerton New Town Commercial Distribution Approved Conditional Use Permits/ Allocations CUP EDU Future Development with Contract Clarksfield Area H Comm. 20 EDU 9 13 Clarksfield 14 ac. Comm. 30 EDU Area G RV Park Clarksfield Allocation cushion for Commercial Projects 18 Clarksfield Reserved for Pending Tract 5594 currently outside of the Place of Use Boundary Water Contract #3 - Total 1, Total 2,860 2,084 2,290 Notes: Demand in this table excludes Granville, TMR and portions of JPJ, for which there are currently no designated or contracted supplies. Page 36

54 SECTION EIGHT Table Projected Water Use Based Upon Absorption of Project and Western Service Area Customer Existing Residential (units) Project TM 5430 (units) Other Residential (units) Commercial (sqft) ,000 33, ,000 Total Water Use (AF) Water Demand Summary Water demands in the Central Valley generally do not change significantly from year-toyear due to hydrological conditions, except that demands can be made to decrease during droughts because water purveyor/suppliers place restrictions on outdoor water usage. Since outdoor water use for residential land uses typically account for 60 percent of total water use, outdoor watering restrictions may reduce demands by 10 to 30 percent depending upon the severity of use restriction. This Assessment assumes demands are constant for all hydrologic conditions, which is a conservative approach. Build-out demands at each hydrologic condition are shown below in Table Page 37

55 SECTION EIGHT Table Surface Water Demand at Build-out in AF for CSA 34 Western Service Area, with Project with Supply Contracts User (Contract) Normal Critical Dry Multi-Dry Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Project (1) Current Uses *(1) 546* 546* 546* 546* 546* Planned Future 4) Uses (1 and 3) 1,192 1,192 1,192 1,192 1,192 Total 2,084 2,084 2,084 2,084 2,084 Note: 1. Planned Future Uses include all land uses that are within the Western Service Area but fall outside the Project boundary, 2. Demands within the Western Service Area of CSA 34 are accounted for by the 2000 Millerton New Town Infrastructure Master Plan. 3. Demands excludes Granville, TMR and portions of JPJ water units for which there is currently no designated or contracted supply. * 355 AF of the total 546 AF of current use is for golf course irrigation that will convert to re-cycled effluent use as the available supply of effluent increases with future developments. This will directly reduce consumptive demand by an equivalent amount. The remaining 191 AF of use is from the existing 81 homes and the approved 73 homes to be built per Final Maps 4048, 4197, 4241, and Infrastructure Facilities The water system infrastructure for the Project includes expansion to the existing CSA 34 surface water treatment plant, additional water storage tanks, and future transmission main piping. All other water related facilities required to convey water to end users within the Project are considered In-Tract improvements and are not discussed herein. See Figures 8-1 and 8-2 for maps of existing and future water facilities within the CSA 34 boundary including Millerton New Town and Brighton Crest and Section 4.1 for a description of the CSA 34 supply and treatment facilities. To accommodate the water demands for the Project, a total of 0.5 MGD treatment capacity will be needed. This expansion may be designed and constructed by the District, or the District may choose to have the Project construct the necessary improvements under its direction and supervision. In either case, the Project would bear its pro-rata share of the improvement cost. CSA 34 will also need to add treatment and distribution capacity to meet the needs of future planned growth within the Western Service Area outside the Project. The District anticipates that this growth will occur in two or more phases, ending with a plant capacity of 4.0 to 4.2 mgd, which will be adequate for the Project plus the fullydeveloped Western Service Area. Although specific unit processes have not been selected for the process trains at the SWTP, all equipment will be chosen so that finished water complies with water quality regulations that are in effect at the time of design and construction, as stipulated by the Department of Public Health and EPA. Page 38

56 SECTION EIGHT Construction of the various phases of the SWTP will be carried out by developers of the projects within the Western Service Area, as they are necessary and are made conditions of development by the County. Developers would be eligible for reimbursement of their capital expenses by subsequent developments, in accordance with standard County policy, After water is treated at the SWTP, it will be conveyed to the Project by a 12-inch diameter transmission main loop planned for connection to Marina Drive at Tract This pipeline loop is projected to be approximately 11,000 feet long. In order to provide water to the Western Service Area during peak demand periods and to meet fire protection requirements, two 600,000 gallon water storage tanks will be installed. One tank will be sited near the proposed Tract 4870 and the other to the south of the Project on a hilltop within the Tract 4968 area. While the Project may have to construct and finance one of these storage tanks if the system needs additional storage capacity at that time, the Project should eventually bear only its pro-rata share of storage and distribution cost through the capital improvements program for CSA 34, which will provide reimbursement from other benefitting units as they are constructed. However, if no other developments are ever constructed, the County and CSA 34 will be under no obligation to reimburse this developer from District funds. Page 39

57 SECTION EIGHT Figure 8-1 Existing Water Facilities Page 40

58 SECTION EIGHT Figure 8-2 Proposed Water Facilities Page 41