Performance of a Commercial Internal Combustion Engine on Ammonia Fuel

Transcription

1 Performance of a Commercial Internal Combustion Engine on Ammonia Fuel Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc Ammonia Conference 1

2 The amount of sunlight reaching the earth's surface in 10 seconds is enough to power the world for one day. The total amount of fossil fuel used by humans since the start of civilization is less than 30 days of sunshine. Energy is not the problem. Gathering, storing and transporting this energy is the problem Ammonia Conference 2

3 Fuel Synthesizer e - Electrolyzer Haber Bosch Source NH 3 Storage By synthesizing ammonia, you don t need fossil fuels Ammonia Conference 3

4 Electricity Sources Wind Solar Hydro Electricity could come from a wide range of renewable energy sources Wind Solar Hydro Sources like nuclear can be used Facilities are already in place and operating successfully 2006 Ammonia Conference 4

5 Electrolyzer Wind Solar Hydro Electrolyzer Split water into hydrogen and oxygen Produced by many companies including: Hydrogenics Norsk ITM Ammonia Conference 5

6 Haber Bosch Process Wind Solar Hydro Electrolyzer Haber Bosch Combine nitrogen and hydrogen to create ammonia Presentation, Ammonia as a Transportation Fuel II, Argonne National Labs, Norm Olson- Iowa Energy Center Link to Presentation: download/2005/olson_transportation.pdf 2006 Ammonia Conference 6

7 Storing Ammonia Wind Solar Electrolyzer Haber Bosch Hydro NH 3 Storage Ammonia tanks and infrastructure in place Solves hydrogen storage problem 2006 Ammonia Conference 7

8 Transporting Ammonia Wind Solar Electrolyzer Haber Bosch Energy in a Bottle Hydro NH 3 Storage NH 3 Storage DOT regulations established Equipment readily available Safety requirements widely known Transport and handling experience 2006 Ammonia Conference 8

9 Creating from Ammonia Wind Solar Electrolyzer Haber Bosch Source Hydro NH 3 Storage NH 3 Storage Internal Combustion Engine Manufacturing and servicing in place Ammonia burns cleanly and efficiently Fuel cells can also provide the power 2006 Ammonia Conference 9

10 Material Neutral Process Location 1 Location 2 Wind 3O 2 3O 2 2N 2 2N 2 Solar Electrolyzer 6H 2 Haber Bosch 4NH 3 4NH 3 Source Hydro 6H 2 O NH 3 Storage NH 3 Storage 6H 2 O 2006 Ammonia Conference 10

11 Effects of Engine Efficiency CR Eff P out P loss P total ~10:1 30% 120hp 280hp 400hp ~30:1 50% 200hp 400hp NO! ~10:1 30% 120hp 280hp 400hp ~30:1 50% 280hp 280hp YES! 2.33 times more hp 2006 Ammonia Conference 11

12 Crankshaft Designed for 120hp 6 cylinder expected power = 280hp 3 cylinder expected power = 140hp 2 cylinder expected power = 93hp 2 cylinder allows for higher future power 2006 Ammonia Conference 12

13 Crank Strengthening Note the 2 dowel pins Note the dowel retainer 2006 Ammonia Conference 13

14 2 Cylinder Engine 1.6L engine Constructed by cutting a 6 cylinder engine down and welding together to create the Baby Oxx 2006 Ammonia Conference 14

15 Fuel Injectors 2 cylinder engine has two sets Can run 3 fuel types at one time For example, run hydrogen and ammonia through fuel injectors and combine with carbureted gasoline 2006 Ammonia Conference 15

16 Relative Sizing 2006 Ammonia Conference 16

17 Engine Testing Process Fuel Type: H 2 NH 3 Alter fuel type in 5% 100% 0% increments until 95% 5% running on 100% 90% 10% Ammonia Findings will be reported at a later date 0% 100% 2006 Ammonia Conference 17

18 2 Cylinder Blocks 2006 Ammonia Conference 18

19 Issues Solved Emissions Ammonia as a fuel = no emissions Time & location of use Energy problem 2006 Ammonia Conference 19

20 Issues Solved Emissions Time & location of use Wind turbines in Patagonia can harness energy, use the process to convert energy into ammonia and transport to final location for required time of use Energy problem 2006 Ammonia Conference 20

21 Issues Solved Emissions Time & location of use Energy problem Energy in a Bottle Off-peak heights in renewable energies can be stored for peak usage in any location for any time of use 2006 Ammonia Conference 21

22 Summary Ammonia is the Other Hydrogen Solves hydrogen storage issue Processes in place and companies established We CAN put Energy in a Bottle Ammonia fueled power source (ICE or FC) provides missing key to make NH 3 as the renewable fuel of the future 2006 Ammonia Conference 22

23 Commercial Application of 2 Cylinder HEC will work together with Sawtelle & Rosprim, Inc. to design and build an Ammonia-Fueled Irrigation Pump System Prototype system being designed to run 24 hours a day Expect system to be tested during 2007 irrigation season 2006 Ammonia Conference 23

24 2006 Ammonia Conference 24

25 Thank You Hydrogen Engine Center, Inc E Poplar St Algona, IA P) F) info@hydrogenenginecenter.com 2006 Ammonia Conference 25