2005 Environmental Survey

Transcription

1 25 Environmental Survey December 26 Reported by Ed Cocchiarella Chair, HIEA Technical Committee Bill Gair Chair, HIEA Communications Committee Page 1 of 22

2 1. Table of Contents 1. Table of Contents List of HIEA Members Environmental Spending Voluntary Environmental Reduction Programs in Memberships in Environmental Associations in 23 (Other than HIEA) Air Emissions Greenhouse Gases Total Particulate Matter (PM44) Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Emissions Sulphur Oxides (SOx) Emissions Volatile Organic Carbon (VOC) Emissions Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Emissions Total Metals Emissions Water Discharges Bay/Lake Water Use City Water Use Total Suspended Solids Total Metals Oil and Grease Ammonia and Kjeldhal Nitrogen Recycling and Waste Management Recycling Commercial Waste Liquid and Hazardous Waste Page 2 of 22

3 2. List of HIEA Members Facility Business Description Land Area (Hectares) Air Liquide Producer of Industrial Gases 22. Bunge Canada Oilseeds Processor 11.3 Columbian Chemicals Canada Ltd. Carbon Black Manufacturer 11.3 Dofasco Inc. Integrated Steel Mill producing flat rolled and coated steel coils, sheets and tubes 282. LaFarge Processor of Blast Furnace Slag 4.5 Mittal Canada - Hamilton Inc. (formerly Stelwire) Producer of Steel Wire Products 16. MultiServ Steel-making Slag Processor - Newalta Industrial Services Inc. Hamilton Steel (formerly Stelco Hamilton) VFT Canada Inc. Waste Management and Industrial Services Integrated Steel Mill producing flat rolled and coated steel coils and sheets. Producer of Coal Tar Pitch and Distillates TOTAL: In 25 HIEA companies employed over 1, people and paid over $ 31 million in municipal taxes. Four HIEA companies had achieved or were implementing ISO 141 environmental management systems in 25. Two companies also followed the Canadian Chemical Producers Association s Responsible Care Standard in 25. This report includes data from the above facilities. Page 3 of 22

4 3. Environmental Spending HIEA member companies have spent over $45 million on environmental protection since 21. HIEA member companies have spent between $6,2, and $37,3, in capital for environmental projects each year since 21. HIEA member companies spend over $69,, per year in environmental operating expense $ Millions Exp/Operating-cumulative from Capital - cumulative from Page 4 of 22

5 4. Voluntary Environmental Reduction Programs in 25 Industry Emissions Reduction Plan (IERP) Benzene Reduction Program Canadian Chemical Producers Association (CCPA) - MOU on VOC Emission Reduction Canadian Chemical Producers Association (CCPA) - Responsible Care -National Emission Reduction Masterplan (NERM) Canadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation - Voluntary Challenge Registry (CIPEC-VCR) Canadian Steel Producers Association (CSPA) - Statement of Commitment and Action Environmental Management Agreement (expires December 31, 25) Golden Horseshoe By-product Synergy Project Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) - Best Practices Wood Preservation Strategic Options Process for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Page 5 of 22

6 5. Memberships in Environmental Associations in 25 (Other than HIEA) Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA) American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Bay Area Restoration Council (BARC) Canadian Association of Environmental Labs Canadian Centre for Pollution Prevention Canadian Chemical Producers Association (CCPA) Canadian Manufacturers and Exporters (CME) Canadian Oilseed Producers Association (COPA-TES) - Technical, Environmental and Safety Committee Canadian Slag Association (previously Ontario Slag Association) Canadian Steel Producers Association (Environmental Committee) Clean Air Hamilton (CAH) Compressed Gas Association Excellence in Corporate Environmental Leadership (EXCEL) Hamilton - Community Awareness Emergency Response (CAER) Hamilton Air Monitoring Network (HAMN) Steel Manufacturers' Association (Environmental Committee) Water Environment Federation Page 6 of 22

7 6. Air Emissions 6.1 Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse gas emissions include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulphur hexafluoride. Carbon dioxide is the most significant greenhouse gas for HIEA companies. Although production is increasing, the total HIEA emissions are 12% below 1997 levels. The reduction in 21 was achieved by the shutdown of obsolete equipment. 1,, Greenhouse Gases (Tonnes/yr) 8,, 6,, 4,, 2,, Total Greenhouse Gases 9,487,39 8,292,972 8,427,424 8,295,296 8,637,499 8,393,384 Page 7 of 22

8 6.2 Total Particulate Matter Total Particulate includes particles smaller than 44 microns (PM 44 ) the size limit of particles that can be suspended in air. Inhalable Particulate includes particles smaller than 1 microns (PM 1 ) the size of particles that can be inhaled. Respirable particulate includes particles smaller than 2.5 microns (PM 2.5 ) the size of particles that can be inhaled deeply into the lungs. Total Particulate Matter emissions by HIEA companies have declined by 36% since Particulate control is a priority for many HIEA companies and there are numerous programs responsible for the improvements, including greenbelting, point source controls, shutdown of obsolete equipment, and improved practices. In addition to individual company plans, HIEA has funded greenbelting in Hamilton since The higher numbers for PM1 and PM2.5 reported since 21 are a result of improved testing methods and better information. 12, 1, Particulate Matter (tonnes/year) 8, 6, 4, 2, Total Particulate Matter (PM44) 1,178 7,42 7,465 7,329 6,894 6,517 Inhalable Particulate Matter 1,215 3,577 3,547 3,532 3,348 3,378 (PM1) Respirable Particulate Matter (PM2.5) 996 1,96 1,99 1,847 1,719 1,735 Page 8 of 22

9 6.3 Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Emissions Nitrogen oxides are precursors to ground level ozone. The main source of NOx is the combustion of fuels. HIEA emissions have been reduced by 19% since Improvements have been primarily achieved by the installation of advanced combustion technology (low-nox burners) and shutdown of obsolete equipment. 9, 8, 7, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) (Tonnes/yr) 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) 8,343 6,644 7,218 7,178 7,78 6,811 Page 9 of 22

10 6.4 Sulphur Oxides (SOx) Emissions Sulphur oxides are composed mainly of sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ). HIEA emissions have declined 17% since HIEA member companies switching to lower sulphur fuels, shutting down obsolete equipment and recent reductions in coke production, achieved the improvement. Increases since 21 are due to increased production, and limited desulphurization for coke oven gas. 16, 14, Sulphur Oxides (SOx) (Tonnes/yr) 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Sulphur Oxides (SOx) 15,52 9,374 1,536 1,824 11,564 12,832 Page 1 of 22

11 6.5 Volatile Organic Carbon (VOC) Emissions Volatile Organic Carbon includes a variety of organic compounds that react with nitrogen oxides and sunlight to form ground level ozone. HIEA member companies have reduced emissions by 13% since The reductions were achieved primarily by the installation of benzene emission controls at the coke by-products plants. 1,6 1,4 Total Volatile Organic Carbon (Tonnes/yr) 1,2 1, Volatile Organic Carbon ,535 1,473 1,317 1,429 1,393 1,333 Page 11 of 22

12 6.6 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Emissions HIEA companies have reduced PAH emissions by 72% since Improving coke oven maintenance and shutting down obsolete coke plants achieved these reductions. Since 1997 there has been a steady reduction. 16 Total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Tonnes/yr) Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Page 12 of 22

13 6.7 Total Metals Emissions The metals emitted include copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, chromium, nickel, mercury, manganese and vanadium. Production increases and improved reporting have resulted in higher emissions being reported by member companies. However, companies continued to implement particulate control plans which help control metal emissions. In 23, 2 additional companies began reporting metal emissions to air. Total metals have increased 2% since Total Metals (Tonnes/yr) Total Metals Page 13 of 22

14 7. Water Discharges 7.1 Total Water Use Bay/lake water use has decreased by 2% since A large portion of this water is used for non-contact cooling. This water circulates within equipment without contacting our process and does not pick up pollutants. Bay water is also used for dust control. In 25, city water use was only 1.7% of total water use. 6 Water Use (millions m3/yr) City Water Bay/Lake Water Page 14 of 22

15 7.2 City Water Use HIEA companies have reduced city water use by 19% since , Water Use (m3/yr Thousands) 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, City Water Use (m3/yr Thousands) ,18 1,75 9,995 9,612 8,836 9,43 Page 15 of 22

16 7.3 Total Suspended Solids HIEA companies reduced Suspended Solids discharged to the Harbour by 72% since Some HIEA companies also discharge Suspended Solids to the Hamilton sanitary sewer system. Suspended Solids discharged to the sanitary sewer system are treated at the Hamilton Sewage Treatment Plant (HSTP) before discharge to Hamilton Harbour. Implementation of tight water recycle systems and shutdown of obsolete facilities contributed to the improvement. 2,5 Total Suspended Solids (tonnes/yr) 2, 1,5 1, 5 In Treated Effluent to Harbour , Page 16 of 22

17 7.4 Total Metals Total Metals include lead, zinc, cadmium, chromium, iron, nickel, mercury, manganese and vanadium. HIEA companies that discharge treated effluent directly to the Harbour or into the Hamilton Sanitary Sewer system typically analyse the water for these trace metals. Two additional companies began reporting in 25. Implementation of tight water recycle systems, and shutdown of obsolete facilities contributed to the improvement. Total Metals discharged to the Harbour by HIEA companies, including treated effluent and discharges after treatment at the HSTP decreased 13% since Total Heavy Metals Discharged to Sanitary Sewer (kg/yr Thousands) Total Heavy Metals Discharged to Sanitary Sewer Page 17 of 22

18 7.5 Oil and Grease HIEA companies discharge relatively small amounts of oil and grease in treated effluent directly to the Harbour or into the Hamilton Sanitary Sewer system for treatment by the Hamilton Sewage Treatment Plant (HSTP). Oil and Grease discharged to the Harbour by HIEA companies, including treated effluent and discharges after treatment at the HSTP, decreased 67% since Implementation of tight water recycle systems and diversion of some wastewater to sanitary sewer for additional treatment contributed to the improvement. Large fluctuations are expected from year to year as a result of the following: At industrial facilities analyses show low concentrations in relatively large volumes of water that result in highly variable discharges. Measurements at low concentrations are highly variable for this parameter. 7 6 Oil and Grease (Tonnes/yr) O&G in Treated Effluent Page 18 of 22

19 7.6 Ammonia and Kjeldhal Nitrogen Ammonia is a parameter commonly measured in industrial effluents. Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen (TKN) includes ammonia and other compounds containing nitrogen like nitrates and nitrites. TKN is a parameter specific to sanitary sewer discharge by-laws and more applicable to sewage treatment plant effluents. TKN is not usually measured in industrial effluents. Both are a measure of nitrogen discharge to Hamilton Harbour. Ammonia and TKN discharged to the Harbour by HIEA companies, including treated effluent and discharges after treatment at the HSTP, declined 11% since One additional company began reporting in 25. Operational problems, that have since been corrected, contributed to higher discharges in 24 and 25. Implementation of tight water recycling systems and diversion of some wastewater to sanitary sewer for additional treatment contributed to the long term improvement. 3 Ammonia/Kjeldhal Nitrogen (Tonnes/yr) Total Ammonia/TKN in Treated Effluent Page 19 of 22

20 8. Recycling and Waste Management 8.1 Recycling Hamilton is an important recycling centre and HIEA companies are major participants. Purchased recycled materials/by-products include waste materials purchased by HIEA companies for recycling and purchased products made of recycled materials. HIEA companies purchased recycled materials and by-products totalling over 1.3 million tonnes in 25, an increase of almost 4% since Reductions in purchased recycled materials since 23 were due to lower scrap purchases and higher utilization of internal sources of scrap at the steel companies. Materials to Recycling include a wide variety of materials, from blast furnace slag to office paper, which HIEA companies send to other companies as valued products or raw materials for their processes. Each year over 5, tonnes is recycled. In 25 over 1 tonnes of recycled materials were purchased or produced by HIEA companies for every tonne of waste disposed off-site. In 25, 91% of waste disposed off-site was non-hazardous industrial waste. 2,, Wastes or Recycled Materials (Metric Tonnes/yr) 1,5, 1,, 5, Purchased Recycled 1,325,685 1,789,5 1,917,411 2,18,15 1,72,5 1,382,299 Materials/Byproducts Materials to Recycling 865, ,79 698,68 524,159 53,883 51,523 Total Off-Site Disposal 214, , , , , ,691 Page 2 of 22

21 8.2 Commercial Waste Commercial waste has declined 18% since The reduction was achieved by implementation of 3Rs recycling programs for paper, glass, cans, cardboard, plastic, etc., as well as continuously implementing new recycling opportunities. Commercial/Domestic Waste Sent to Landfill (Metic tonnes/yr) 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Commercial/Domestic Waste to Landfill ,881 3,737 3,645 3,82 3,848 4,24 Page 21 of 22

22 8.3 Liquid and Hazardous Waste Liquid industrial and hazardous wastes are referred to as subject wastes by Ontario regulations. Liquid and hazardous wastes are landfilled, solidified, treated to render them non-hazardous, or destroyed. The amount of liquid and hazardous waste diverted to treatment and destruction has decreased 67% since Additional recycling opportunities have contributed to the 82% reduction in landfilled waste since 1997 conserving landfill space. Also recycling has contributed to less waste requiring treatment or destruction. 25, 2, Liquid and Hazardous Waste (tonnes/yr) 15, 1, 5, Liquid/Haz. Waste to Treatment/Destruction Liquid/Haz. Waste to Landfill ,197 5,21 7,813 4,699 2,557 3,27 2,857 16,48 12,715 11,185 3,713 3,751 Page 22 of 22