NO 2 status update. R. Chris Owen, EPA-OAQPS Clint Tillerson, EPA-OAQPS Leiran Biton, EPA-R1 Tuesday, Nov. 15, 2016

Transcription

1 NO 2 status update R. Chris Owen, EPA-OAQPS Clint Tillerson, EPA-OAQPS Leiran Biton, EPA-R1 Tuesday, Nov. 15, 2016

2 Proposed tiered NO 2 screening modeling Proposed Appendix W kept 3-tierd screening structure for NO 2 : Tier 1 full conversion, all NO x as NO 2 Tier 2 Ambient ratio method 2 (ARM2) replaces ARM Tier 3 Ozone limiting method (OLM) and Plume volume molar ratio method (PVMRM) PVMRM2 would replace PVMRM, with only one PVMRM option in next version of the model 2

3 Use of proposed NO 2 methods in PSD ARM2 Model Clearing House actions: Corning Diesel Mfg., Steuben County, NY, 2015 Hankook Tire, Clarksville, TN, 2015 Indorama, Westlake, LA, 2016 Sundrop Fuels Rapides Station Fuels in Boyce, LA, 2016 OLM and PVMRM currently cleared by Regional Offices Discussion of use of PVMRM2, though status unclear 3

4 NO 2 research and development API funding work to integrate ADMS NO 2 scheme into AERMOD (Tier 3) Near-road field campaigns under development as test databases (Las Vegas and Detroit) Recent oil and gas field campaigns (AK and CO) 4

5 Las Vegas field study Field measurements conducted from Dec 2008 Jan 2010 Continuous measurements of CO, NO x, BC, PM 10, PM 2.5, met Monitoring 100 m west of the roadway and at 20, 100, and 300 m east of the roadway. On-site traffic monitoring, vehicle counts in each lane 5

6 Detroit field study Field measurements conducted from Sept June 2011 Continuous measurements of CO, NO x, BC, PM 10, PM 2.5, met Monitoring 100 m west of the roadway and at 15, 100, and 300 m east of the roadway. On-site traffic monitoring, vehicle counts in each lane 6

7 Las Vegas and Detroit study considerations Emissions based on vehicle counts and MOVES emissions modeling i.e., greater uncertainty in emissions than studies based on tracer data or on CEMS data For NO 2 evaluations, no on-site ozone monitoring Up-wind/down-wind configuration allows for clear delineation of background 7

8 Drill Rig 1-hour NO 2 Collaborative Monitoring Studies Barrow North Slope, Alaska DS2N Well Pad Denver-Julesburg Basin, CO Pad 1, Pad 2 8

9 Purpose Collect ambient measurements adjacent to drilling rigs to: Evaluate actual 1-hour NO 2 impacts from drilling operations Verify NO 2 air quality models Primarily AERMOD and Tier 2 and Tier 3 NO X -to- NO 2 conversion options Designed to focus on short-term episodes 9

10 Collaborative Effort American Petroleum Institute (API) Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Conoco-Phillips Alaska Anadarko (Colorado) US EPA 10

11 North Slope, Alaska Barrow 11

12 Monitoring Period August 21 December 31, Different Well Heads on DS2N 5 Discrete Monitoring Periods for Evaluation Well Name Rig On Rig Off /21/2014, 06:00 9/15/2014, 18: /16/2014, 06:00 10/24/2014, 09: /24/2014, 21:00 11/26/2014, 18: /28/2014, 18:00 12/27/2014, 06: /28/2014, 12:00 01/01/2015, 00:00 12

13 Drill Rig Source Inventory Engines Boilers Equipment Caterpillar 3512B Caterpillar 3512B Caterpillar 3412* Superior 4x751-S150-JB3C-30UL Superior 4x751-S150-JB3C-30UL Capacity* 1478 hp 1478 hp 817 hp 150 hp 150 hp Heater Tioga IDF MMBtu/hr * Move Engine only operated during transit between wells. Not monitored. 3512B engines for electrical power generation to power the rig Boilers provide steam heating throughout the rig Heater provides heated air for rig pipes and cellar areas 13

14 North Slope, Alaska DS2N Well Pad Upwind Monitor Downwind Monitor Ambient AQ Monitor Well Head DS1F Winds 14

15 Data Onsite (DS2N): Emissions, Fuel Use, Ambient AQ, 3m Winds (secondary) Offsite Surface Meteorology (DS1F), 10m Tower, primary Barrow 15

16 Data (cont.) Onsite Data (1-minute and 1-hour) Emissions (CEMs): Total NO X, NO 2, NO (ppm), In-stack O 2 (%) Fuel Use: Gallons per minute, Gallons per hour Ambient Pollutant: Upwind - O 3 only (ppb) Downwind - SO 2, NO, NO 2, NO X (ppb), CO (ppm), O 3 (ppb) Offsite Data (1-hour) Also have wind speed (m/s), wind direction (degrees), sigma-theta (degrees) Primary Meteorology (1-hour), DS1F Well Pad vertical wind speed (w), m/s std. dev. of the vertical wind speed (σ w ), m/s horizontal wind speed (Ws), m/s horizontal wind direction (Wd), degrees std. dev. of the horizontal wind direction (σ ϴ ) barometric pressure (P), mb temperature at 2 meters (T2), C temperature at 10 meters (T10), C delta temperature, T10-T2 (ΔT), C solar radiation (R), W/m 2 relative humidity (RH), % 16

17 Engine vs. Line Power Well Engine #1* Engine #2* /07/ :00-09/14/ :00 Engine Offline /23/ :00-10/24/ :00 10/24/ :00-10/24/ : /24/ :00-11/10/ :00 10/24/ :00-11/10/ : /28/ :00-12/29/ :00 12/07/ :00-12/26/ : N/A** N/A** * Fuel data indicates one or both engines were often running simultaneously when the rig was on line power. This table only lists the hours that the rig was operating off of power from one or both engines. ** Rig operated on line power for the duration at well 336 through the end of the study. 17

18 Current Alaska Workgroup Members AECOM - Christopher Warren, Bob Paine BLM - Tom Coulter Private Citizens - Clint Bowman US EPA OAQPS - Chris Owen, Clint Tillerson US EPA Region 1 - Leiran Biton US EPA Region 5 - Gilberto Alvarez, Jennifer Liljegren, Joseph Ko US EPA Region 8 - Rebecca Matichuk US Forest Service - Bret Anderson 18

19 Denver-Julesburg Basin, Colorado 19

20 Monitoring Period October 10 November 16, 2014 Adjacent Well Pads (Pad 1, Pad 2) 12 Ambient AQ Monitors (arrayed around drilling operations to capture plume impacts in multiple directions) 3 Discrete Monitoring Configurations for Evaluation Pad 1: October 10, October 26, 2014 Pad 2a: November 3, November 8, 2014 Pad 2b: November 10, November 16,

21 Well Pads Pad 2 Pad 1 21

22 Monitoring Configuration Pad 1 22

23 Monitoring Configuration Pad 2a 23

24 Monitoring Configuration Pad 2b 24

25 Data Emissions data (1-minute and 1-hour), CEMs Parameters: NOx, NO 2, NO, CO 2, O 2, stack temperature Sources: 2 - Cat 3512 Generators with Dual Exhausts 1 - Cat C27 Generator with Single Exhaust 1 - Boiler (did not operate on Pad 1) 12 Ambient AQ Monitors (1 minute and 1-hour) 12 monitors: NO X, NO 2, NO 2 monitors: O 3 Meteorological data (1-minute and 1-hour) collected at adjacent pad Scalar wind speed (mph) Unit vector wind direction (degrees) Standard deviation of the unit vector wind direction (degrees) Vector wind speed (mph) Resultant wind direction (degrees) Maximum wind speed (mph) Wind elevation (degrees) Wind sonic temperature ( F) 10-meter ambient temperature ( F) 2-meter ambient temperature ( F) Temperature difference, 10-meter minus 2- meter ( F) Rainfall total (inches) Barometric pressure (in. Hg) 25

26 Current Colorado Workgroup Members AECOM - Bob Paine, Christopher Warren BLM - Tom Coulter ERM - Mark Garrison US EPA OAQPS - Chris Owen, Clint Tillerson US EPA Region 1 - Leiran Biton US EPA Region 5 - Gilberto Alvarez, Joseph Ko, Jennifer Liljegren US EPA Region 7 - Lance Avey, Andy Hawkins US EPA Region 8 - Rebecca Matichuk City of Denver - Mohamed Eltarkawe, Michael Ogletree, Gregg Thomas Private Citizens - Clint Bowman, Hunter Maass 26