Topics covered 9/8/2015 COMPETING IN THE INFORMATION AGE. The Three Waves of Change by Alvin Toffler describes three phases or waves of changes

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1 Topics covered Proses Bisnis dan Informasi 1. Information age 2. Data, information, and knowledge 3. Departments in a company 4. System thinking 5. Information systems for business communication 1 2 The Three Waves of Change by Alvin Toffler describes three phases or waves of changes 3 First wave A civilization based on agriculture and handwork Relatively primitive stage Lasted thousands of years Luddites opposed technology. 4 Second wave The Industrial Revolution Began at the end of the 18 th century and lasted about 150 years Third wave The Information Age Information becomes the currency The printing press gave birth to the information age. COMPETING IN THE INFORMATION AGE Currently infinite quantities of facts are widely available to anyone who can use a computer Many business leaders have created exceptional opportunities by coupling the power of the information age with traditional business methods 5 6 1

2 Characteristics of the Digital World Globalization is the integration of economies throughout the world, enabled by technological progress. Globalization: Economic Changes Economic Changes Globalization can be seen in visible economic, cultural, and technological changes. Increases in international trade, development of global financial systems and currency, and outsourcing of labor Globalization: Cultural Changes Cultural Changes Globalization: Technological Changes Technological Changes Increased multiculturalism through TV and movies; international travel and immigration; ethnic foods; Facebook, FarmVille, Twitter, and YouTube Low-cost computing platforms and communication technologies; , Skype, and instant messaging; low-cost global telecommunications infrastructure; global patent and copyright enforcement Examples of the power of business and technology Amazon Not a technology company; primary business focus is selling books Netflix Not a technology company; primary business focus is renting videos Zappos Not a technology company; primary business focus is selling shoes INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY S ROLE IN BUSINESS Information technology is everywhere in business Understanding information technology provides greater insight to anyone learning about business

3 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY S IMPACT ON BUSINESS OPERATIONS Organizations typically operate by functional areas or functional silos Functional areas are interdependent IT plays a critical role in deploying enterprisewide initiatives to achieve business goals Information technology (IT) concerned with the use of technology in managing and processing information Information technology is an important enabler of business success and innovation Management information systems (MIS) is a general name for the business function and academic discipline covering the application of people, technologies, and procedures collectively called information systems to solve business problems Discussion Question: Can anyone think of how IT can help employee track his record? MIS is a business function, similar to Accounting, Finance, Operations, and Human Resources When beginning to learn about information technology it is important to understand the following: Data, information, and knowledge Business intelligence IT resources The challenge: departmental companies The solution: management information system

4 Data: The Root and Purpose of Information Systems Data raw, unformatted information Information data that is transformed to have a meaning Knowledge ability to understand information, form opinions, and make decisions or predictions Business Intelligence applications and technologies that are used to gather, provide access to, and analyze data and information to support decision-making efforts The Components of Information Systems Information System Computer Information System Hardware CPU, disk drives, monitors, keyboards, and so on Software provide hardware with processing instructions Telecommunications networks allow computers to share information and services 21 People: The Builders and Managers of IS Career opportunities are strong and expected to grow. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: Employment for computer and IS managers will grow faster than the average for all occupations through Some titles: systems analysts, systems programmers, systems operators, network administrators, database administrators, systems designers, systems managers, and chief information officers 22 IS Management Job Titles and Job Descriptions IS Professional Core Competencies Technical competency Hardware, software, networking Business competency Business integration, managing people and projects, social skills, verbal and written communication Systems competency Systems integration, development methodologies, critical thinking, problem solving

5 Discussion Question: What IT job do you want to pursue? Why? IT RESOURCES The plans and goals of the IT department must align with the plans and goals of the organization THE CHALLENGE: DEPARTMENTAL COMPANIES Common Departments Working Independently People use Information technology to work with Information THE SOLUTION: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS Common Departments Working Interdependently Organizations: The Context of IS Organizations use information systems to: be more productive and profitable gain competitive advantage reach more customers improve service to their customers True for all types of organizations Professional Social Religious Educational Governmental

6 Types of Info Systems Used in Organizations The Spread of Technology in Organizations IS personnel tend to spend most of their time out in the business unit. IS personnel often have dual-reporting relationships reporting to both the central IS group and the business function they serve. Clearly a need for people who know the technology side and the business side of the business Discussion Question: Do you think that all IT people must understand business? Systems thinking A way of monitoring the entire system by viewing multiple inputs being processed or transformed to produce outputs while continuously gathering feedback

7 Management Information Systems (MIS) A business function, like accounting and human resources, which moves information about people, products, and processes across the company to facilitate decision-making and problem-solving Konklusi Era informasi mengharuskan kita siap dengan segala bentuk perubahan dalam bentuk perubahan ekonomi, budaya, dan teknologi Pemahaman dan pengetahuan akan penggunaan teknologi dalam bisnis sudah menjadi konsekuensi agar dapat bertahan di era globalisasi Penerapan sistem informasi kini telah menjadi solusi untuk dapat mengatasi permasalahan dalam organisasi serta mendongkrak kinerja dan produktifitas bisnis