Intermodal Emergency Response May 2014

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1 Intermodal Container Emergency Response Presented by Bill Hand Training Coordinator Hazardous Materials Response Team Harris County, Texas IAFC International Hazmat Teams Conference May 2014 Copyright 2014 There are over 18,000,000 Containers in circulation around the world. 90% of all non-bulk cargo is moved on Container Ships Material in this workshop is based on the text: Intermodal Containers Topics in 98 page text include: 1. Codes and regulations. 2. Types of containers. 3. Standard Operating Procedures. Some of the photos in this presentation are used with the permission of the authors of this text. Copyright

2 Handling Container Emergencies NFPA (B) Given examples of the following intermodal tanks, the hazardous materials technician shall identify each intermodal tank by type and identify at least one material, and its hazard class, that is typically found in each tank: (1) Nonpressure intermodal tanks: (a) IM-101 (IMO Type 1 internationally) portable tank (b) IM-102 (IMO Type 2 internationally) portable tank (2) Pressure intermodal tanks (DOT 51) (IMO Type 5 internationally) (3) Specialized intermodal tanks: (a) Cryogenic intermodal tanks (IMO Type 7 internationally) (b) Tube modules NFPA Given three examples of containers, DOT specification markings for nonbulk and bulk packaging, and the associated reference guide, the hazardous materials technician shall identify the basic design and construction features of each container. (A) The hazardous materials technician shall identify the basic design and construction features, including closures, of the following bulk containers: (3) Intermodal tanks such as the following: (a) Nonpressure intermodal tanks: i. IM-101 portable tank ii. IM-102 portable tank (b) Pressure intermodal tanks (specification 51) (c) Specialized intermodal tanks: i. Cryogenic intermodal tanks ii. Tube modules Copyright

3 Ship Container Ships currently under construction to transport 18,000 TEUs (20 ft. equivalent unit) Malaccamax design 1540 length X 200 beam International choke points: Panama Canal and Straits of Malacca control ship size. Copyright

4 Barges Rail Copyright

5 Rail Land Bridge Land Bridge Highway Copyright

6 New DOT 407 Style Intermodal New DOT 407 Style Intermodal Aircraft Copyright

7 Fixed Storage CONTAINER FEATURES PORTABLE TANK FEATURES Over 90,000 containers in circulation. Usually a single tank with no internal compartments. Liquid capacity of 6,400 gal (24,000 L). Box type or beam type frame. Box Frame Beam Frame Copyright

8 Container Orientation Left Top Front Rear Right Bottom Container Markings Copyright

9 Reporting Marks and Number Owners Code & Serial Number Country, Size, and Type Code Common Container Country Codes Code Country Code Country BM (BER) Bermuda NLX Netherlands CH (CHS) Switzerland NZX New Zealand DE West Germany PA (PNM) Panama DKX Denmark PIX Philippines FR (FXX) France PRC People s Republic of China States GB Great Britain HKXX Hong Kong RCX People s Republic China (Taiwan) ILX Israel IXX Italy SGP Singapore JP (JXX) Japan SXX Sweden KR Korea US (USA) United States LIB Liberia Copyright

10 Common Size Codes 20-20' (8 ft. high) 22-20' (8' 6" high) 24-20' (>8' 6" high) ISO Tank Type Codes Maximum allowable working pressure For liquid nonhazardous materials T0 (70) - test pressure 45 kpa (6.5 psig) T1 (71) - test pressure 150 kpa (21.8 psig) T2 (72) - test pressure 265 k Pa (38.4 psig) Note: Bar is a unit of measurement marked on intermodal tank containers indicating pressure. For conversion purposes, 1 Bar = 100 kpa = 14.5 psi. ISO Tank Type Codes Maximum allowable working pressure For liquid hazardous materials T3 (73) - test pressure 150 kpa (21.8 psig) T4 (74) - test pressure 265 kpa (38.4 psig) T5 (75) - test pressure 400 kpa (58 psig) T6 (76) - test pressure 600 kpa (87 psig) Copyright

11 ISO Tank Type Codes Maximum allowable working pressure For gases T7 (77) - test pressure 910 kpa (132 psig) T8 (78) - test pressure 2,200 kpa (319 psig) T9 (79) - test pressure (to be decided) Other Marking HAZCHEM (UK) Copyright

12 HAZCHEM (UK) Copyright

13 International Markings A.D.R. (Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road) ADR Kemler Code UN ID Number Copyright

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15 Limited Quantities Copyright

16 Product tags Document Holder Copyright

17 Corner Casting Copyright

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19 CONTAINER FEATURES PORTABLE TANKS MAY BE EQUIPPED WITH: Internal linings to protect tank from its contents, e.g., acids. Refrigeration units. Heating units. Insulation. Electrical controls. Copyright

20 CONTAINER FEATURES MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION: 90% of tank containers are stainless steel. Aluminum and magnesium alloy tanks cannot be used in marine transportation. Stainless steel tanks are.1875 inches for regulated commodities. Non-regulated commodities are.125 inches stainless steel. NON-PRESSURE TANK CONTAINERS IM 101 AND IM 102 TANKS: Only way to tell the difference between a IM 101 and 102 is the specification plate. Both the IM 101 and 102 tanks transport liquid materials at maximum allowable working pressures (MAWP) of up to 100 psig. Tanks are tested at 1.5 times MAWP. IM 101 (IMO Type 1) TANKS TRANSPORTS BOTH HAZARDOUS AND NON-HAZARDOUS CARGO. May contain toxic, corrosive, and flammable liquids with flash points below 32 F (0 C). Capacities range 5,000 to 6,300 gallons. MAWP of 25.4 psig (1.75 bar) to 100 psig (6.8 bar). 4 bar tank is most common See DOT 49 CFR to Copyright

21 IM 101 (Type 1) Tank Containers IM 101 IM 101 IM 101 Two Compartment IM 101 Copyright

22 IM 102 (IMO Type 2) TANKS TRANSPORTS BOTH HAZARDOUS AND NON-HAZARDOUS CARGO. Contains alcohol (wine, tequila), some corrosives, pesticides, insecticides, resins, industrial solvents, and flammables with flash points 32 F (0 C) to 140 F (60 C). Also used for food grade non-regulated materials. Capacities range 5,000 to 6,300 gallons. MAWP of 14.7 psig (1.0 bar) to 24.4 psig (1.75 bar). IM 102 Copyright

23 IM 102 Spillbox Manhole Cover P/V Valves Airline Valve Spill Box Drains Spill Box Pressure Relief Valves Drain to Ground Copyright

24 Pressure / Vacuum Relief Valve Pressure / Vacuum Relief Valve Top Loading Valves Copyright

25 Foot Valve Butterfly Valve Copyright

26 Emergency Valve Handle Located on the right side when facing the discharge end Tank Heating Steam / Electric DOT SPEC. 51 (IMO TYPE 5) TRANSPORTS BOTH HAZARDOUS AND NON-HAZARDOUS CARGO. Contains liquefied petroleum gas (propane and butane). Capacities range 4,000 to 5,000 gallons. MAWP of 100 psig to 500 psig. There are some specialty containers built to Spec. 51 standards used to ship high vapor pressure flammable liquids and liquid pyrophorics. Copyright

27 Spec. 51 / Type 5 Anhydrous Ammonia Spec. 51 / Type 5 Anhydrous Ammonia Copyright

28 Spec. 51 Propane Tank Pressure Relief Valve Vapor Line Liquid Line Spec. 51 / IMO Type 5 Liquid Line Vapor Line Spec. 51 / Type 5 Isopentane Copyright

29 Spec. 51 / IM 101 Combination Spec. 51 / IMO Type 5 Spec 51 / IMO Type 5 Copyright

30 IMO TYPE 7 TRANSPORTS CRYOGENICS. Contains cryogenic (very cold) materials such as refrigerated gases like argon, oxygen, and helium. Capacities range 4,000 to 5,000 gallons. Remember that cryogenics must remain refrigerated. IMO Type 7 Container Liquid Oxygen Type 7 Container Liquid Argon Copyright

31 Type 7 Container Liquid Helium TUBE MODULES HIGH PRESSURE 3T CYLINDERS. Stores products like oxygen, helium, and nitrogen as a gas. TUBE MODULES Copyright

32 TUBE MODULES TUBE MODULES Half High Module Pneumatic Hopper Copyright

33 Intermodal Roll-off Boston Garbage Flat Rack Copyright

34 Flat Rack 20 (One TEU), 40 & 45 Box Container Conex Box Copyright

35 COMMON IM 101 and IM 102 EMERGENCIES BOTTOM OUTLET LEAKS. Problem: Valve closed position, but end cap still leaking product. Solution: Tighten end cap clockwise. Other Factors: Check for broken seal, expect product trapped between closed valve and end cap. Seal still in place Watch for trapped product! Copyright

36 Valves is in closed position Right to Tight Note: Double Valves Threads on Discharge Valves BSP British Standard Pipe NPT National Pipe Thread Copyright

37 Threads Adapters BSP to NPT SPILL CONTROL TECHNIQUES Control the spill first, then control the leak. Tank Containers Are Built to High Standards They Can Take Lots of Battle Damage Damage to IM 101s from Train Derailments Copyright

38 Cutaway View of IM 101 (Type 1) Tank Outer Shell Insulation Stainless Steel Inner Shell EXAMPLES OF CONTAINER DAMAGE Outer Shell Rip Insulation No penetration of Inner shell Copyright

39 IMPROVISED LEAK CONTROL DEVICES 1 2 PROBLEM: Hole in tank shell. SOLUTION: Toggle bolt through Rubber ball with sealer. 3 IMPROVISED LEAK CONTROL DEVICES 1 PROBLEM: Puncture in tank shell. SOLUTION: Cut away outer Shell and insulation. Plug with wooden dowel or wedge. 2 3 Copyright

40 If it is stupid but works, then it ain t stupid. Retired Master Chief Cargo Segregation?? Copyright

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43 What you see.. Ain t always what you get Shipping documents indicate: White China Turpentine Copyright

44 No bracing and no plywood between layers No bungs Fumigation Copyright

45 Looks like Chlorine? OK, It must be Chlorine Right specs. Right valves Something is wrong here! Copyright

46 Chlorine is not a white powder! It s Coke!! Rover checks it out Rover confirms! Copyright

47 GMAA GMAA Copyright

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49 Over 2000 Containers are lost at sea every year. Copyright

50 Hanjin Pennsylvania Hanjin Pennsylvania RECOGNITION EXERCISE NFPA 472 Chapter 6 Hazardous Materials Technician Competency Standards Copyright

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61 Congratulations You Passed!! Copyright