Magnetic fields 04/09/2016 cgrahamphysics.com 2016

Transcription

1 Magnetic fields

2 04/09/2016 cgrahamphysics.com history 2016 of magnets Where do we go? How did ships at sea find their way home before the advent of modern technology?

3 Aims To identify magnetic materials To learn and explain how to map magnetic fields Key words Bar magnet 막대자석 Cobalt Iron 철 Steel 강철 Nickel 니켈 Field lines 코발트

4 Can magnetism be blocked? A fridge magnet may be coated in plastic but will stick to a metal fridge. Can magnetic forces act through any material? 1. Attach a paperclip to a piece of thread and tape the other end of the thread to a work bench. 2. Hold a magnet above the paperclip to check that the paperclip is attracted. 3. Try inserting thin sheets of different materials between the magnet and the paperclip. Note the effects of each material.

5 Magnetic or not? Test all the material around if they are magnetic Write your answers in a table Write a conclusion

6 Predict what will happen Forces between magnets experiment

7 Describing a magnet A magnet has two poles North and South. Like poles will repel Unlike poles will attract

8 What is a magnetic field? The region around a magnet where it has a magnetic effect is called its magnetic field. When a magnetic material is placed in a magnetic field it will experience a force. The iron filings feel the effect of the magnetic field and line up along the direction of the forces in this region. magnetic field

9 Shape of a magnetic field

10 Investigate a magnetic field Place a magnet under a piece of wax paper. Sprinkle iron filings on top of the paper. Tap the paper gently. What do you observe?

11 Magnetic field lines The shape of a magnetic field can be shown by drawing magnetic field lines. They always point from the north pole of a magnet to the south pole strongest field at poles The closer together the magnetic field lines, the stronger the magnetic field. weakest field further away from poles

12 Viewing magnetic fields: N poles together What happens to the magnets? Next, bring the two north poles as close to each other as possible and place a piece of paper on top of the magnets. 1. Carefully scatter iron filings onto the paper. 2. Draw the pattern created by the iron filings.

13 What do you notice about the pattern of the lines of force in the region between the two north poles?

14 Bring the north and south poles of two bar magnets together. What happens to the magnets? Next, put the north and south poles close to each other, without letting them touch, and place a piece of paper on top. 1. Carefully scatter iron filings onto the paper. 2. Draw the pattern created by the iron filings.

15 What do you notice about the pattern of the lines of force in the region between the north and south poles? How does this pattern compare with the pattern between the two north poles?

16 The Earth s magnetic field The north poles of magnets, such as compass needles, are attracted to the North Pole of the Earth. But if like poles repel, why is the north pole of a magnet attracted to the North Pole of the Earth? These poles were named before magnetism was properly understood. The Magnetic North Pole of the Earth is really a magnetic south pole. Do you think that you would be able to use a compass to navigate on other planets, or on the moon?

17 Magnetic fields: summary

18 Magnetic field of a bar magnet The magnetic field is the region around a magnet magnetic where materials will be affected by the magnet. The arrows on the magnetic field lines always point in the direction of north to. south Where the field lines are more concentrated is where the magnet is the. strongest For a bar magnet it is strongest at the. poles

19 Key words Bar magnet has a north and a south pole Cobalt, Iron, Nickel are magnetic materials. They can be magnetized, and are strongly attracted to a magnet, Steel - is an alloy of iron and therefore also magnetic Field lines a pattern that shows the direction of the magnetic force field. It points from north to south outside a bar magnet and from south to north inside a bar magnet