AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY

Transcription

1 CONTRACT REEARCH & TESTING COMPANY CONTRACT RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY COMMERICALIZATION New Technologies That May Change the Economics of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY The Cobalt Conference 2017 Cobalt Development Institute Marrakech, Morocco May 17/18, 2017

2 JUST THE BEGINNING OF A NEW ERA 2

3 RAPIDLY GROWING MARKET 3

4 INEVITABLE FUTURE 4

5 LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING IS IN IT S INFANCY 5

6 CURRENT OPTIONS SMELTER SHRED AND COLLECT METAL SLUDGE 6

7 APPLYING MINING TECHNOLOGY FOR RECYCLING LITHIUM ION BATTERIES AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 7

8 BACKGROUND Mining Technology Developed for Recovery of Mn from Low Grade Ores 8

9 Mn Mine From Mine to Product Electrolytic Processing for EMD LiB Cathode MnCO 3 MnO 2 Button Cell Batteries Low Grade Ore Chemical Oxidation for CMD 9

10 THE OPPORTUNITY LITHIUM ION BATTERY RECYCLING Cost Breakdown of Lithium Ion Battery Pack Current Collectors 3% Cell Fixed Cost 6% Land Cost for Cell Manufacturing 6% Pack Labor 5% Separators 3% Electrolyte 1% Other 3% Cathode 25% Cell Labor 8% Depreciation of Equipment 8% Anode Materials 8% Pack Thermal System 8% Battery Pack Management System 16% 10

11 TOTAL VEHICLE LI-ION BATTERY WORLD MARKET 11

12 THE PROBLEM BECOMES THE OPPORTUNITY $8.0 World Vehicle Li-ion Battery Cathode Market $7.0 $6.0 $5.0 $ USD Billion $4.0 $3.0 $2.0 $1.0 $ Year 12

13 EXPANDING MARKET FOR PERSONAL ELECTRONICS 13

14 COMPANIES AT THE FOREFRONT - INVESTING IN ELECTRONICS RECYCLING Reference: 14

15 ESTIMATED VALUE OF CATHODE RAW MATERIALS FOR APPLE iphone 7 iphone 7 Plus ipad Macbook References Estimated Number of Units per Year Estimated from Annual Reports Capacity (mah) LCO Capacity (mah/g) Weight of LCO per phone (g) Weight of LCO (tonnes) Total Tonnes LiCoO Weight of Co (Tonnes) Weight of Li2CO3 (Tonnes) Cost of Co ($US/tonne) $55,250 $55,250 $55,250 $55,250 Li2CO3 ($US/tonnes) $14,500 $14,500 $14,500 $14,500 Value in Co $25,775,923 $61,947,659 $76,603,230 $33,605,277 Value of Li2CO3 $4,240,836 $10,192,065 $12,603,303 $5,528,977 Total Cathode Raw Materials Value $30,016,759 $72,139,724 $89,206,533 $39,134,254 Estimated Total Cathode Raw Materials $230,497,270 Reference: Estimates based on calculations by Kemetco Research Inc. 15

16 SOCIAL ASPECT OF COBALT MINING Reference: 16

17 CATHODE RECYCLING ECONOMIC AND SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE MINING New Technologies That May Change the Economics of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY 17

18 HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSING USING SPENT CATHODE AS A RESOURCE 100% Extraction of Li and Co from LiCoO2 18

19 Co Recovery Selective Precipitation of Co(OH)2 19

20 Li Recovery Precipitation of Li2CO3 20

21 Collected Products Co(OH)2 & Li2CO3 21

22 XRD of Commercial Grade vs Regenerated LiCoO2 22

23 Manufacture of Test Battery from Recycled Cathode 23

24 Proof of Concept Achieved 24

25 Simplified American Manganese Flowsheet Provisional Patent Application Filed. More Intellectual Property in the Works Proprietary Operations Not Shown 25

26 Rough Estimates of Cathode Recycling Opportunity for Electric Vehicles $7.6 USD Billion per Year Cathode Materials for Vehicles Cathode Value $21.07 USD per Kg (based on rough estimate of raw materials Nov 2017) 360,700,000 kg of Cathode Materials per Year 988 Metric Tonnes per Day Cathode Materials Note: Cathode Value $38.66 USD per Kg (as of May 2017 due to increase in Co Price) UPDATED $13.9 USD Billion per Year Cathode Materials for Vehicles Consumer Electronics is Potentially a Larger Market 26

27 Rough Estimates of Reagent Cost Treating 1 Metric Tonne of LiCoO2 (Cathode) Input Reagents: 0.33 Tonnes SO2 value at $196 USD 1.00 Tonnes H2SO4 value at $200 USD 1.62 Tonnes Na2CO3 value at $487 USD TOTAL REAGENT COST = $883 USD Output Values: 0.38 Tonnes Li2CO3 value at $5,510 USD 0.60 Tonnes Co (as metal) value at $33,150 USD TOTAL OUTPUT VALUE = $38,660 USD Note: Does not include utilities, amortized capital or labor 27

28 Mining and Processing LITHIUM Mining: South America Processing: South America ALUMINUM Mining: Australia Refining: Middle East, Canada NICKEL & COBALT Mining: DRC, Canada Smelting: China, Canada, Europe Refining: China, Canada, Europe MANGANESE Mining: Africa Refining: USA/China/Europe 28

29 Potential Future Packaged Processing Plants Similar Chemistry to Cyanide Destruction Plant Delivered to Gold Mine in 2015 Packed Plant Fabrication and Shipping Reagent Metering System Reactor Reagent Storage 29

30 VALUE PROPOSITION FOR RECYCLING 30

31 Contacts Larry Reaugh, President and CEO Tel: (778) Website: Norman Chow, President Tel: (604) Website: 31