PRODES - INPE INPE. PRODES Methodology- PRODES Methodology - INPE. Mapping and Monitoring Deforestation and Forest Degradation in the Brazilian Amazon

Transcription

1 Mapping and Monitoring Deforestation and Forest Degradation in the Brazilian Amazon GOFC-GOLD GOLD Symposium on Forest and Land Cover Observations March 21st th, 2006 Jena, Germany Carlos Souza Jr. Imazon The Amazon Institute for the People and Environment PRODES - INPE Operational since 1988 Objectives: Estimate annual deforestation rate for the Brazilian Amazon Map the extension and the total gross deforestation Disseminate the results (maps and statistics) to stakeholders PRODES Methodology - INPE Analog PRODES ( ) Visual interpretation of image printouts Scale: 1:250,000 Stats and reports only PRODES Methodology- INPE Digital PRODES (2003) Reference date: 1997 Digital image processing and visual interpretation on computer screens Scale: 1:250,000 Maps, stats and reports are produced

2 Digital PRODES Digital PRODES (> 2002) 1. Image acquisition Landsat,, bands 3, 4 and 5 Low % of cloud cover Coverage: critical areas ( scenes) Image date near to August 1st (reference data) 2. SMA (Soil, Vegetation and Shade) 3. Image segmentation (Soil or Shade) 4. Unsupervised classification of the segmented image 5. Post-classification editing (on screen) 6. Calculation of deforestation rate R4, G4,B3 SMA Soil Shade Vegetation Modified from INPE Segmented Shade Fraction Image Segmentation Results on Landsat TM

3 IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SHADE FRACTION IMAGE Visual interpretation of the Classification Results SPRING environment for post-classifcatiton editing Exemple of Deforestation Map, Ji-Paran Paraná-RO Calculation of Annual Deforestation Rate ref ref Rainy Season Deforestation (km 2 ) d 2 d 1 Increment Annual Rate Jan/02 Dry Season Jan/03 Dry Season Jan/04

4 Calculation of Annual Deforestation Rate Deforestation Map ref Rainy Season ref Deforestation (km 2 ) d 2 d 1 nd 3 nd 0 α 1 Annual Rate nd2 α 1 α 0 Jan/02 Dry Season Jan/03 Dry Season Jan/04 α0 α 1 Annual Rate = tanα 1 * (nd 0 + nd 2 ) + tanα 0 * (nd 3 ) Annual Deforestation Cumulative Deforestation Annual Rate - Area (km 2 /ano) /88 * /89 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/94 ** 94/95 Source: INPE (2006) /96 96/97 97/98 98/99 99/00 00/01 "01/02" "02/03" "03/04" "04/05" Cumulative Deforested Area (km 2 ) INPE IMAZON Annual rate: 11-29,000 km 2 /ano Total gross deforestation: km 2 Sinop Mato Grosso, Brazil

5 Annual Deforestation Rate (km 2 /ano) Annual Deforestation Rate INPE IMAZON INPE vs. Imazon INPE Total Gross Deforestation 2001 (16,186 km²) Deforestation Forest INPE vs. Imazon IMAZON Total Gross Deforestation 2001 ( km²) Are the Fragments Capoeiras? Deforestation Landsat Image Age Classification (Roberts et al., 2003) Fragments Fragments Deforestation Forest Deforestation Age (year) Classification (PRODES-INPE) Forest Deforestation until 2000 Water Forest Prodes digital

6 Scale Effect on Mapping Deforestation Scale Effect on Mapping Deforestation 9 km 1: km 1: : : Misclassification of Degraded Forests Burned Forests, Rio Branco AC Dry season, 2005 Period % of Annual Deforested Area < 6.25 ha 3.9% 4% 3% 4.8% 5.2% Average 4%

7 Sources of Error and Uncertainty Generic Image Endmembers Forest fragments??? Minimum Mapping Area (6.25 ha) (4%) Classification errors Degraded forests??? Deforestation overlap (0.05%) Deforestation Rate Calculation (4%), INPE(2002) Forest/non-forest boundaries??? Normalized Difference Fraction Index GV Shade NDFI = GV GV Shade Shade (NPV + Soil) + NPV + Soil GV = -1 NDFI Shade NDFI low to moderate Low to moderate GV Moderate to high NPV and Soil NDFI near 1 High GV Low NPV and Soil Standardized Fractions and NDFI a) Paragominas,Pará State - 223/62 Soil GV NPV NDFI Souza Jr. et al. (2005), RSE

8 Standardized Fractions and NDFI Standardized Fractions and NDFI b) Santarém, Pará State - 227/62 c) Ji-paraná, Rondônia State - 231/67 Soil NPV Soil NPV GV Shade NDFI GV shade NDFI Standardized NDFI (2001) Rondônia Standardized NDFI (2001) Mato N Grosso 226/67 MT 226/68

9 Standardized NDFI (2001) N Pará CCA Results Conventional Logging PA Logged and Burned 223/62 de 07/09/2002 Objective II Available scene Unavailable scene Processed scene Available scene Unavailable scene Processed scene

10 Available scene Unavailable scene Processed scene Available scene Unavailable scene Processed scene 2004 Mapping Unofficial Roads Available scene Unavailable scene Processed scene

11 Unofficial Roads vs. Deforestation County seats Official Roads Unofficial Roads Deforestation Road Buffer: km Summary and Conclusions PRODES has provided valuable data on deforestation for the Amazon region Mapping improvements should include: Include degraded forest classes Selective logging Burned forest Forest fragments Explicitly quantify mapping accuracy Improve forest/non-forest map