North Half. South Half

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1 Draft Conservation Plan for a Portion of the Southern Rocky Mountain Trench Subregion: Regional Landscape Units 9 and 10: Columbia-Windermere Lakes and Horsethief-Skookumchuck North Half South Half Figure 1. Key to mapping polygons of the Conservation Network for Regional Landscapes 9 and 10. See the following tables for further information on each polygon. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 1/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

2 Regional Landscape 9 : Columbia-Windermere Lakes Southern Trench Subregion DRAFT (see sections at the end of the tables for definitions of terms and abbreviations, and accompanying reports for additional information) RL-Poly -EF Poly 9-1 Link Lower Frances Hardwoods, old growth, wetland, moist/wet habitats. Connectivity; Riparian. Same as 15-32; some private land. 9-2 Link Horsethief-Frances- Columbia Hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland, grizzly linkage. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian. Some private land. Same as 15-32a b Horsethief Wetlands- Riparian Old growth, wetland, moist/wet habitats. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to Horsethief Creek and wetlands, and along side-stream fan features to maintain upland and riparian connectivity. Same as Link Mid-lower Horsethief Hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Connectivity; Old Growth; Riparian. Same as Andreen Hardwoods Hardwoods (Ac and At?), UWR, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Maintain hardwood stands and hardwood components of mixed stands. Same as 10-7c; not formally agreed to by BCTS; significant private land. 9-6,c Link West Windermere Hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Connectivity; Old Growth; Riparian. Some private land. 9-7 Link Lower Brewer - Columbia Grizzly linkage, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Basic FRPA; none. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian. Significant private land Cons Lower Brewer Creek Old Old forest, veterans, moist/wet habitats, old growth, wetland. Reserve old non-pl stands, veterans and large snags; maintain Pl >200 yrs. old; younger Pl harvesting permitted. Old Growth; Riparian. Same as 10-23; not formally approved by BCTS. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 2/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

3 RL-Poly -EF Poly 9-9 Lower Brewer Columbia Grizzly linkage, minor old growth, minor hardwoods, Columbia wetlands. Priv. Unknown Connectivity; Grizzly; Restoration; Riparian a-b Dutch-W. Columbia Minor old growth, minor wetlands, minor hardwoods. Priv. Unknown Connectivity; Open Forest/ Grassland 9-11 Link Lower Dutch - Whitetail Grizzly core habitat on western edge, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetlands. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian Some private land Lower Dutch Creek Lick Old growth, goat lick, veterans, moist/wet habitats. No harvesting or road construction on North side of Dutch Creek to control motorized access near lick; maintain old/mature Fd and Lw, snags and CWD; limit visibility of lick from south side also; follow riparian strategy. Same as Cons Lower Dutch Creek Grizzly Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, old growth. Conservation; Grizzly Bear. Same as Cari Lower Dutch Creek Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, wetland. Reserve. Same as Link Mid Dutch Creek Grizzly Link2 Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, wetland, old growth. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear. Same as Link Lower Findlay Kootenay Grizzly linkage, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian Minor private land b Sandown Creek Westslope cutthroat spawning, old growth, wetlands, moist/wet habitats, hardwoods, UWR. Maintain old forest and hardwoods; minimize sedimentation; maintain representative ecosystems; follow UWR management strategies. Fisheries; Riparian; Old Growth. Same as 10-40; BCTS portion not formally approved; HCV 4 Link Findlay Mouth Kokanee spawning, cottonwood, moist/wet habitats, old growth, UWR, grizzly linkage. Protect riparian and aquatic habitat; no bridges; minimize sedimentation. Fisheries; Grizzly; Riparian. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 3/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

4 RL-Poly -EF Poly a-e ,c 2530 Cons 9-22 Cons West Columbia Lake Dutch West Columbia Lake Conservation Badger habitat, Lewis Woodpecker WHA, old growth, UWR, old veterans, wetlands, hardwoods/ cottonwood, moist/wet habitats, rare dry ecosystem. Minor old growth, minor hardwoods, minor wetlands. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites. Maintain large diameter Fd, Lw and Py in upland areas. Minimize off-road vehicle damage to non-forested sites; NDT 4 restoration. Basic FRPA; none. PA Thunder Hill Park PA BC Parks. Kootenay River Canal Flats Riparian Grizzly linkage, old growth, minor hardwoods, moist/wet habitats Basic FRPA; none PA Canal Flats Park PA BC Parks PA 9-25 PA 9-26 Mt. Sabine Eco Reserve Columbia Lake Eco Reserve 9-27 E. Columbia Lake 9-28 E. Columbia Lake PA PA BC Parks. BC Parks Cons E. Columbia Lake Sheep winter range, riparian habitat. Sheep winter range, whitebark pine, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Sheep winter range, old growth, moist/wet habitats. WMA Priv. Unknown Unknown 9-29 PA Columbia Lake Park PA BC Parks. Restoration; Riparian; Connectivity. Connectivity; Open Forest/ Grassland Conservation; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian. Restoration; Riparian. Restoration; Riparian BCTS portion not formally approved. Mix of Crown and private lands interspersed with private conservation and (mostly private). Some private land, same as 4-1 Private land Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 4/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

5 RL-Poly -EF Poly b 9-31 Link Columbia Wetlands (between Columbia and Windermere Lakes) SE Windermere Link Tatley-Madias Crks. Wetlands, cottonwood, other hardwoods, moist/wet habitats, UWR, grizzly linkage. Grizzly linkage, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland, private land. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to wetlands and side-stream fan features to maintain riparian connectivity PA Windermere Lake Park PA BC Parks. Riparian Windermere Creek Kokanee spawning, HG rare riparian, UWR, grizzly linkage, hardwoods, old growth (incl. Fd/Py), moist/wet habitats. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to wetlands and side-stream fan features to maintain riparian connectivity PA James Chabot Park PA BC Parks. Riparian Res-E Res Upper Windermere Creek Basins Upper Shuswap and N. Windermere Creeks Grizzly core habitat, old growth, whitebark pine, hardwoods, moist/wet habitats, intact watersheds, Pedley/ Tegart passes, pass into Bear Creek, wetland. Grizzly core habitat, old growth, old larch veterans, white bark pine, alpine larch, moist/wet habitats, intact watersheds PA Kootenay NP PA Canada Parks PA Dry Gulch Park PA BC Parks Link Macaulay-MacKay Creeks Grizzly linkage, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, private land. EF Maintain All Forest Cover in NW basin. Reserve. Avalanche tracks classified as high or moderate grizzly habitat maintain forest cover a min 50m, preferably 100m, on both sides of avalanche track. Close secondary roads for access control. Riparian; Grizzly Bear where appropriate. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian Fisheries; Riparian; Restoration Reserve. Restoration at lower elevations. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian. BCTS and ; not formally approved by BCTS; includes significant private land. Some private land. Private land. ; confirmed in the field. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 5/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

6 RL-Poly -EF Poly a Columbia Wetlands (north of Windermere Lake) Wetlands, cottonwood, other hardwoods, moist/wet habitats UWR, grizzly bear linkage. WMA Unknown Riparian; Grizzly Bear where appropriate. Same as 15-9; BCTS and Columbia Wetlands (north of Windermere Lake) Wetlands, cottonwood, other hardwoods, moist/wet habitats. Priv. Unknown Riparian. Same as 15-15c a-k 2557a Cons Columbia Wetlands (north of Windermere Lake) Wetlands, cottonwood, other hardwoods, moist/wet habitats, UWR, grizzly bear linkage. Basic FRPA or none. Riparian; Grizzly Bear where appropriate. Significant private land 9-43 Columbia Wetlands (Windermere Lk. north) Wetlands, cottonwood, other hardwoods, moist/wet habitats. Priv. Unknown Riparian. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 6/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

7 Regional Landscape 10: Horsethief-Skookumchuck - East Purcells Subregion DRAFT (see accompanying report for information on values, management strategies, information sources and context) WS-CNW -EF Poly Res-E Stockdale Creek Old forest, intact subwatershed, core grizzly habitat, low pass connectivity to W. Kootenays, rare ecosystems, old growth. Maintain forest cover; MPB actions will be restricted to fall and burn Res-E Lake of the Hanging Glacier Old forest, intact small subwatersheds, wetlands, glacial landforms, rare ecosystems, old growth, grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, hardwoods, moist/wet habitats. Maintain all forest cover Upper Horsethief Grizzly Grizzly core habitat, veterans, hardwoods. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to Horsethief Creek and wetlands, and along sidestream fan features to maintain upland and riparian connectivity. Avalanche tracks classified as high or moderate grizzly habitat- maintain forest cover a min 50m, preferably 100m, on both sides of avalanche track. Maintain large diameter Fd/Lw veterans. Close secondary roads for access control Res-E Upper Farnham Creek Old growth, relatively intact watershed area, moist/wet habitats, whitebark pine, grizzly core habitat. Maintain all forest cover. ; confirmed in field, Farnham Creek riparian Old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to Farnham Creek and wetlands, and along side-stream fan features to maintain upland and riparian connectivity Cons Lower Farnham Grizzly Some grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Grizzly Bear; Old Growth. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 7/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

8 WS-CNW -EF Poly 10-7,c 2544 (2545) 10-8 Link ,c,d 2538,c,d Link Res-E Res Horsethief Ck. Wetlands (c minor Aberdeen Hardwoods) Mid Horsethief Creek Grizzly Habitat Mid-Lower Horsethief Grizzly Habitat Upper Jumbo Basins Mid Lower Jumbo Valley Res Jumbo Creek Riparian Cons Upper Delphine Cari Upper Stark Creek Wetlands (various types), riparian forest, moose habitat, grizzly core habitat, fisheries values downstream; (a) cottonwood and other hardwoods, moist/wet habitats, UWR 2; (c) high value spawning (cutthroat trout). Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, small lakes, wetland, intact subwatershed. Whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Grizzly core habitat, intactness, old growth, whitebark pine, moist/wet habitats. Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Grizzly core habitat, old growth, whitebark pine, hardwoods, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland, glacial features, high recreational use. habitat, old growth, grizzly core habitat, intact watershed, support area for Purcell Wilderness Conservancy. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to Horsethief Creek and wetlands, and along sidestream fan features to maintain upland and riparian connectivity. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian. Same as 9-3 (and 9-5); ; confirmed in field (7/11/04). Basic FRPA and none. Connectivity. Some private land Maintain all forest cover. Reserve. Maintain deciduous and spruce on all mesic and wetter sites in valley bottom adjacent to wetlands and side-stream fan features to maintain upland and riparian connectivity. Avalanche tracks classified as high or moderate grizzly habitatmaintain forest cover a min 50m, preferably 100m, on both sides of avalanche track. Close secondary roads for access control. Reserve. Reserve. Conservation; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian ; was part of 2536 Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 8/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

9 WS-CNW -EF Poly Res Lower Stark Creek Old growth, grizzly core habitat, intact watershed, support area for Purcell Wilderness Conservancy, whitebark pine, moist/wet habitats. Maintain all forest cover was proposed by Wildsight, but not agreed to by - still under discussion. Reserve Res Coppercrown Creek Old growth, intact watershed, grizzly core habitat, support area for Purcell Wilderness Conservancy, whitebark pine. Reserve proposed to BCTS, but not formally agreed to. Reserve. Not formally agreed to by BCTS Res Mineral Creek Old growth, intact watershed, grizzly core habitat, support area for Purcell Wilderness Conservancy, whitebark pine. Reserve proposed to BCTS, but not formally agreed to. Reserve. Not formally agreed to by BCTS Cons Mid Toby Creek Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Conservation; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian. Some private land Cari Upper Brewer Creek habitat. Reserve. ; did include parts of various s Res-E Upper Brewer Creek Old growth, wetlands/ lakes, intact subwatersheds (e.g. Laundry Ck.), support for Purcell Conservancy, grizzly core habitat, moose/ goat habitat, whitebark pine, moist/wet habitats. EF Maintain All Forest Cover. ; confirmed in the field (7/10/04) Link Mid Brewer Creek Grizzly core habitat, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, veterans. Conservation; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian Res Old PL (east of Thorald Ck.) Rare old lodegepole pine forest, extensive whitebark pine and alpine larch, old growth, grizzly core area, moist/wet habitats. Maintain all Pl>200 yrs and all Pa/La. Beetle harvesting permitted if warranted in future as directed by district manager. Reserve. ; adjacent to Tembec area of interest Cons Lower Brewer Creek Old growth, veterans, moist/wet habitats, representation in MS. Reserve old non-pl stands, vets and large snags; maintain Pl >200 yrs. old; younger Pl harvesting permitted (not formally agreed to by BCTS). Not formally agreed to by BCTS Link South Brewer Grizzly core habitat, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear; Old Growth; Riparian Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 9/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

10 WS-CNW -EF Poly Cari Mid Dutch Creek habitat, grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine. Reserve Cons Mid Dutch Creek Grizzly Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, wetland. Basic FRPA Grizzly Bear Cons- E Lower Dutch Creek Lick Old growth, goat lick, old veterans, moist/wet habitats, grizzly core habitat. No harvesting or road construction on North side of Dutch Creek to control motorized access near lick; maintain old/mature Fd and Lw, snags and CWD; limit visibility of lick from south side also; follow riparian strategy. Same as Link Mid Dutch Creek Grizzly Link2 Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear PA Purcell Conservancy PA BC Parks. Intactness (2123) Cari Dutch habitat. Reserve Mid Findlay Creek Old Growth 3,113 Old growth (including larch), whitebark pine, alpine larch, grizzly core habitat, moist/wet habitats. Maintain old growth stands, and large Douglas fir and larch trees at lower elevations; limit vehicle access to Purcell Conservancy; harvesting limited to pest Link Mid Findlay Creek Link Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats. Connectivity; Old Growth; Riparian. Some private land (2527,c,d, e,f,g, 2120) Cari Findlay-Doctor- Skookumchuck habitat, old veterans, whitebark pine, alpine larch, grizzly core habitat, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Reserve. management Replaced some Tembec caribou s Res Upper Skookumchuck 3,284 Grizzly core habitat, old growth, old larch and lodgepole pine (> 200 yrs), whitebark pine, alpine larch, moist/wet habitats, intactness, support for Purcell Conservancy. Grizzly strategy in 2120; maintain forest cover in Reserve. Likely to be remapped by shortly b,c,d 3149 Cari Upper Buhl Creek 12,228 habitat, whitebark pine, alpine larch, intact watersheds, grizzly core habitat, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Reserve. management Replaced parts of some Tembec s. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 10/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

11 WS-CNW -EF Poly ,c,d Buhl Creek Riparian Upstream of bull trout spawning, old growth, moist/wet habitats. s riparian and fisheries strategies; minimization of sedimentation; harvesting limited to lodgepole pine stands (HCV4 link Water Quality). Some of included in reserve Cons Buhl Trib Grizzly Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine. Conservation; Grizzly Bear Link North Skookumchuck Grizzly Link Grizzly core habitat, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland.. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear, Old Growth; Riparian. Some private land Link Skookumchuck Mid Valley Link Grizzly core, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear, Old Growth; Riparian Sandown Creek Riparian Westslope cutthroat spawning, old growth, wetlands, veterans, hardwoods, moist/wet habitats, UWR, Representation Priority 3. Reserves in wet riparian areas; maintain deciduous species maintain cover for UWR Same as 9-17; HCV4 Link ,c,d,e,f Skookumchuck Riparian Bull trout spawning, moist/wet habitats, old growth. Reserves in wet riparian, emphasis on maintaining riparian functions. HCV4 link Water Quality (riparian and fish); (3157a) Link South Skookumchuck Grizzly Link Grizzly core habitat and link, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. () Basic FRPA Connectivity; Grizzly Bear. Includes tip of Link Sandown-Columbia Grizzly Link Grizzly link, whitebark pine, hardwoods, old growth, moist/wet habitats, wetland. Connectivity; Grizzly Bear Link Lost Dog Link Old growth, veterans, hardwoods, moist/wet habitats. Connectivity. Same as 4-3. Conservation Plan RL 9 Columbia-Windermere Lakes & RL 10 Horsethief-Skookumchuck DRAFT 3/31/14 11/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

12 Terms and Abbreviations 1 RL-Poly Polygon number to cross-reference the table of values to the conservation map. EF- Cross-reference to s EF- numbering system (Endangered Forests High Conservation Value Forests). Conservation See Project Strategies document for further information. PA Protected Area (e.g., Provincial and Federal Parks, Ecological Reserves). Cari management areas designated by the BC Government. Res-E Reserve (genenally Endangered Forests [EF] designated by ). Res Reserve Area. Con-E Conservation Area (includes High Conservation Value Forests [] designated by, Wildlife Areas [WMA] designated by the BC Government and private conservation areas owned by recognized conservation organizations [e.g., The Nature Trust, Nature Conservancy Canada]). Cons Conservation Areas. Link Linkage Areass. Conservation Values Alpine Larch Forest stands with a significant component of Alpine Larch (Larix lyallii). Alpine larch is an iconic tree which grows in the harshest of subalpine and alpine environments, and can live to an age of over 1,000 years. Stands are identified from Forest Cover (FC) and Vegetation Resource Inventory (VRI) mapping. Grizzly Core Habitat Areas with sufficient concentrations of high value habitat to support populations of grizzly bears (e.g., herbaceous snow avalanche tracks, alpine meadows, riparian habitats, huckleberry/ soopolallie berries). These areas often have limited human use which helps to minimize mortality rates. Areas have been identified based on grizzly bear habitat inventories, grizzly bear census data and grizzly bear habitat mapping and modeling results extracted from government reports and published and unpublished research reports. Grizzly Linkage Areas identified as potential connectivity corridors across major barriers between grizzly bear core habitats (e.g., highway crossings, across valleys with substantial human settlement). These areas have been identified based on grizzly bear GPS tracking and connectivity modeling results extracted from government reports and published and unpublished research reports. Hardwoods Forest stands that include significant occurrence of non-coniferous tree species, including cottonwood, aspen and birch (Ac, At, Ep). These tree species are relatively rare on the landscape and offer unique habitats, particularly for cavity nesting species. Identified from Forest Cover (FC) and Vegetation Resource Inventory (VRI) mapping. High Value Fish Reaches of rivers and streams that provide high value fish habitat, often including spawning and rearing habitat, or the presence of unique and/or rare species assemblages. Identified from fish inventory information and recommendations from fisheries biologists. Intactness Areas with little or no road development, minimal forest harvesting or other types of post- European contact human impacts. In general, larger and more diverse ares are more valuable as they provide interior habitat, and are more likely to encompass the full complement of habitats necessary for a wider range of species. Areas which encompass whole watersheds provide undisturbed aquatic as well as terrestrial ecosystem functioning. These areas offer potential refugia, and scientific controls to 1 Much of the information in the definitions of terms is adapted from Dunster and Dunster (1996) Conservation Plan RL 9 & 10 DRAFT 3/31/14 12/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

13 monitor the effects of climate change in the absence of other stressors. Identified through GIS analysis of road data and inspection of aerial photographs and satellite imagery. Moist/Wet Habitats Sites where seepage is present for a significant portion of the growing season (e.g., subhygric SHG sites). Identified from various sources of ecosystem mapping (Terrestrial/Potential Ecosystem Mapping TEM/PEM). They are generally highly productive sites that are important to habitat and species diversity, and typically have limited occurrences on the landscape. Mountain Passes Areas of low to moderate elevation in a mountain range that offer opportunities to cross otherwise impassable barriers. Mountain passes allow some plants and animals to cross mountain ranges between two valley systems, offering opportunities for seasonal migrations, dispersal, connectivity between otherwise isolated populations, and potential range shifts in the face of climate change. Significant mountain passes have been identified from topographic maps, satellite images, GPS tracking and information from field biologists, guide outfitters and hunters. Old Growth Forest stands generally over 140 years old in areas with relatively frequent fires and over 250 years old in areas with infrequent fires (i.e. stands which are defined as old forest under the guidelines in the BC Forest Practices Code Biodiversity Guidebook). Old growth provides significant biodiversity values and is becoming increasingly rare on the landscape. Identified from maps of designated Old Growth Areas (OGMAs), mapping from old growth assessment projects, and from Forest Cover (FC) and Vegetation Resource Inventory (VRI) mapping. Other Special Habitats Areas known to be important to an individual species (e.g., grassland areas for badgers or licks for goats); or concentrations of species (e.g., resting areas for migratory birds). Riparian Terrestrial areas adjacent to a river, stream or other body of water that are influenced by the body of water (e.g., high water table, flooding, altered microclimate). Areas include the floodplain and other areas that directly affect the water body, or are directly affected by the water body. Riparian areas provide unique habitats, and are often important connectivity corridors for species movement. They also are an important influence on the associated aquatic habitats. Identified from aerial photographs, satellite images and ecosystem mapping (Terrestrial/Potential Ecosystem Mapping TEM/PEM). Ungulate Winter Range (UWR) Identified areas where ungulate species (moose, elk, whitetail deer, mule deer, bighorn sheep and mountain goats) seek to access forage and avoid deep snows in the winter season. Availability of these areas in suitable condition is essential for sustaining viable populations of ungulates. Identified from BC Government mapping. Generally only the best quality areas are noted (Class 1 and 2). Veteran Trees Trees larger and older than the majority of trees in the stand growing around them; typically trees remaining from a former disturbed stand. Veterans provide unique habitats, increase stand structural diversity and provide a genetic legacy. Identified from Forest Cover (FC) mapping. Wetlands Areas of land that are inundated by surface water or saturated for significant periods of the year. Commonly recognized types of wetlands include bogs, fens, marshes, swamps and shallow open water. Wetlands provide essential habitat to a wide range of resident species, are often important areas for migratory waterfowl, and have been significantly impacted by development throughout southern BC. Identified from BC Government wetland mapping data. Whitebark Pine Stands with a significant component of Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis). Whitebark pine is a tree which grows in the harshest of subalpine and alpine environments, and is an important local food source for many species including grizzly bear and Clark s nutcracker. It is currently Blue-listed in BC, and designated as Endangered in Canada. Identified from Forest Cover (FC) and Vegetation Resource Inventory (VRI) mapping. General Tree Species: Fd Douglas-fir; Lw Western larch; Py Ponderosa pine; Pl Lodgepole pine; Hw Western hemlock; Cw Western redcedar; Se Engelmann spruce Designation PA Protected Area (e.g., Provincial and Federal Parks, Ecological Reserves) management areas designated by the BC Government EF Endangered Forest (EF) areas designated no harvest by High Conservation Value Forests () areas designated for conservation management by WMA Wildlife Areas (WMA) areas designated by the BC Government for conservation management Priv. Private conservation areas owned by recognized conservation organizations (e.g., The Nature Trust, Nature Conservancy Canada). Conservation Plan RL 9 & 10 DRAFT 3/31/14 13/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.

14 No known current conservation designation (generally Crown Lands, but includes some private lands) BC Parks management determined by the management plan for that specific protected area Canada Parks management determined by the management plan for that specific protected area Reserve management specified under BC Government regulations (generally reserved from forest harvesting) Basic FRPA management under the BC Forest and Range Practices Act (minimal specified measures for conservation of biodiversity) generally private land with no specific conservation requirements Unknown information not available at this time Tree species see above CWD coarse woody debris MPB mountain pine beetle See Project Strategies report for more details on each management strategy. BCTS BC Timber Sales area managed by BCTS Same as polygon continues into the next Regional Landscape and is identified by another polygon number in that RL References Dunster, J. and K. Dunster Dictionary of Natural Resource. UBC Press. Vancouver, BC. 363pp. Conservation Plan RL 9 & 10 DRAFT 3/31/14 14/14 Kutenai Nature Investigations Ltd.