Nuclear power program in Poland

Transcription

1 9th International School on Nuclear Power Warsaw, 15th November 2017 Dr Józef Sobolewski Director Department of Nuclear Energy Ministry, Poland

2 Polish Power System Ministry The total maximum capacity in Polish Power System (PPS) reached MW (as at 31 December 2015). Coal-fired power plants MW Lignite-fired power plants MW Gas power plants 973 MW Industrial power plants MW Hydroelectric power plants MW Renewable resources MW Nuclear: 0 MW Energy consumption: GWh/year (2015) 3,2 MWh/per citizen/year; the lowest in OECD. According to all estimations energy consumption in Poland will grow in coming decades. Transmission grid km: 1 line of 750 kv (114 km), 89 lines of 400 kv (5 984 km), 167 lines of 220 kv (7 971 km), Under-sea 450 kv DC connection between Poland and Sweden(245 km) Turów 3x260 MW 3x235 MW 2x200 MW Dolna Odra 7x220 MW Dychów 3x30 MW Łaziska 2x125 MW 4x225 MW Żarnowiec 4x180 MW Żydowo 3x50 MW Adamów 5x120 MW Opole 4x380 MW Rybnik 8x225 MW Jaworzno 6x225 MW Pątnów 1x460 MW 6x200 MW Porąbka-Żar 4x135 MW Bełchatów 12x370 MW 1x858 MW Łagisza 1x460 MW 5x120 MW Ostrołęka 3x220 MW Połaniec 7x225 MW Siersza 1x160 MW 4x120 MW Kozienice 2x500 8x225 MW Stalowa Wola 2x125 MW Solina 2x70 2x30 MW 2

3 Electricity generation structure (energy mix) Reference scenario 3

4 Poland is surrounded by NPPs up to 300 km from state borders 22 reactors operating 6 reactors under construction 9 reactors planned up to 2030 In 2020 Poland will be almost entirely surrounded by NPPs. From 2024 the only neighbor countries with no NPP will be Germany and Lithuania (?). 4

5 Polish Nuclear Power Program Ministry PNPP was approved on January 28th 2014 by the Council of Ministers. Its key goals resulting from the Energy Policy of Poland until 2030 are following: assuring long-term security of electricity supply maintaining electricity prices at levels acceptable by the national economy and the society reducing emissions of CO 2 and other air pollutants 2 NPPs planned with total installed capacity: 6000 MWe Implementation of the Program some difficulties larger than expected due to: Lengthening transboundary consultation (2 years) - the last country (Austria) signed the joint protocol with Poland in May 2013 Late adoption of PNPP document the Council of Ministers - on 28th of January 2014 Termination of contract for site assessment with WorleyParsons in

6 PNPP current status October 14th 2016 Council of Ministers approved a Report of Minister on implementation of Polish Nuclear Power Program and ordered: analyze the schedule, business and finance model of the Program in 2017, to establish a Committee for the Nuclear Power Development coordinating implementation of the Program, to update the entire Program by the end of

7 PNPP in "Strategy for Responsible Development" Chapter "Energy" Objective: Providing a common access to the energy from various sources. To achieve this objective it is necessary to introduce (i.e.) a nuclear power. Intervention Direction IV.1. Improvement of national energy security Supporting of generation and use of energy from new sources (i.e. nuclear power) Polish Nuclear Power Program continuation of the program in order to diversify energy sources, reduce environmental impact of the power sector, development of R&D centers and Polish industry (including its export activities). Decision-in-Principle will be taken after detailed analyses and submission of bids from reactor vendors which will allow for assessment of investment costs and confirm a profitability of nuclear power project in Polish conditions. 7

8 New finance model general view In the first half of 2017 NED worked on a new financing model for the first NPP. The costs of accepting a different solutions were investigated. Possible ownership structures of the EJ were analyzed as well as the way of the energy sell. Analyses have shown that a properly structured financial system results in energy generation costs (LCOE) lower than in other energy sources. On August 11th MoE management has reviewed and discussed the proposals of financing the nuclear project. Final proposal will be presented to the members of the Council of Ministers in the near future, so that by end of 2017 the Polish Nuclear Power Program can be updated. 8

9 Legal framework established Ministry Two laws/bills which allow for investment process are in force: Amended Atomic Law Act on the preparation and implementation of investments in nuclear power facilities and investments for the supporting infrastructure (called "investment law"). The Atomic Law is complemented by over 50 executive regulations. 9

10 Nuclear Waste Management Ministry The National Plan of Radioactive Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel Management has been approved by the Council of Ministers on October 16th, The Plan sets goals for further works, defining tasks for the institutions involved in the management of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel, schedules for achieving goals. It also includes an inventory and estimates future quantities of radioactive waste. The Plan assumes: Closure of National Radioactive Waste Repository for LIL waste in Różan ( ) Construction and commissioning of a new surface Radioactive Waste Repository for LIL waste (by 2025). The process of site selection for a low and medium level radioactive waste repository is under way. It includes also a public consultation with local communities in some locations. Construction and commissioning of a Deep Geological Repository for spent nuclear fuel and highlevel waste (around 50 years after commissioning of first NPP). 10

11 National industry involvement (1 of 3) Target of Government in PNPP progressive increase of national involvement: 30% of project value at first stage, up to 60 % to be subcontracted by Polish industry. To achieve this target various activities will be deployed: series of trainings, seminars, trade and exports missions, innovation incentives for Polish industry. Initial phase for a.m. activities: comprehensive assessment of national competences (gap analysis) has been carried out: - Direct dialogue: Government Polish Industry (continuous activity) - Specialized additional analysis ordered by Polish Government (2015) 11

12 National industry involvement (2 of 3) Gap analysis results: 59 Polish companies with nuclear experience in past 10 years (for NPP and fuel cycle facilities, nuclear laboratories, CERN, ITER, Polish research nuclear reactor Maria, other), Another 25 Polish companies are in advanced preparation for nuclear cooperation, Another 21 Polish subsidiaries of foreign companies are active on nuclear market, Another 220 Polish companies with sufficient capabilities/competencies for nuclear industry. Those companies will require only minor to moderate additional investments to fulfill nuclear requirements (Tier 2 and 3 according to WNA). 12

13 National industry involvement (3 of 3) Gap analysis results: Polish industry has strong capabilities/competences gained in power sector but implementation of nuclear program requires additional and joint effort of companies, chambers of industry, utilities, Government and other stakeholders. Future involvement of national industry for Polish NPP project goes through the current cooperation with global nuclear industry (participation in supply chains). In 2015 Government has initiated industry related activities in order to build up competences: trade missions, specialized conferences, informative specialized activities. 13

14 Supply chain and national industry involvement Ministry Poland can also offer perfect place for your nuclear manufacturing investment projects State own agency for foreign investment PAIiZ will lead you and support with various incentives First edition of catalogue of Polish industry with nuclear experience is already available, if interested please contact: 14

15 General context of human resources development in area of Nuclear Energy Ministry In the 1980s the construction of the first Polish nuclear power plant in Żarnowiec was started. However, the government cancelled the project in 1990 for political reasons, which resulted, inter alia, in the emigration of the majority of Polish nuclear experts in the field, who left the country to work at universities, research centers and NPPs abroad. There is 1 research reactor in Poland located in National Centre for Nuclear Research in Świerk (NCBJ) near Warsaw. Now Poland has 4 main research centers running R&D in the field of Nuclear (National Centre for Nuclear Research in Świerk, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection) There are some universities and technical universities running studies - nuclear engineering, nuclear chemistry, nuclear safety and radiological protection, nuclear technology and physics etc. 15

16 Activities of MoE in area of human resources development Training courses for Polish professionals Cooperation with main stakeholders Publishing of educational materials Organization of seminars, conferences, trainings and meetings Running of identification of national resources and needs (Research - Analyses Reports) Preparing Human Resource Development strategies II Edukacyjne Forum Energetyki Jądrowej Ministerstwo Energii, maj

17 Public opinion poll (ASM-Market Research and Analysis Centre) - November % of Poles are in favor of building a nuclear power plant in Poland, but only 48% would like to have it near their homes, Construction of a nuclear power plant is an important issue for 73% of them and 86% expect more information on nuclear power, Poles would like to learn more about: SNF management, safety, environmental impact, energy supply/demand in Poland, costs and benefits of the development of nuclear power for Poland. 17

18 HTR Plans in Poland 9th International School on Nuclear Power Warsaw, 15th November 2017 Dr Józef Sobolewski Director Department of Nuclear Energy Ministry, Poland

19 Target for HTR: Polish Heat Market Today 100% heat market is dominated by fossil fuels; mostly coal in district heating and coal and gas in industry heat generation. Huge potential for nuclear reactors Currently can be addressed only in terms of LWR, i.e. T <250 C, useful in district heating, but not in industry. Need for new technologies HTGR (High Temperature Gas Reactor) ~600 C, e.g. for industry steam generation. VHTR (Very High Temperature Reactor), ~1000 C, e.g. for hydrogen production. HTR Plans in Poland 19

20 Industrial Heat Market in Poland 13 largest chemical plants need 6500 MW of heat at T= C HTR HTR Plans in Poland 20

21 Strategy for responsible development Government on 29 July 2016 published draft of strategy for responsible development - the governmental plan for Polish economy grow. List of actions contains: Deployment of HTR for industrial heat production. The project for this action is: Nuclear cogeneration preparation for construction of the first HTR of MW th supplying technological heat for industrial installation. HTR Plans in Poland 21

22 Committee for deployment of high temperature reactors Appointed by Minister on 13 July 2016 Chairman: Grzegorz Wrochna Terms of reference: Analysis of Polish economy needs & export potential Inventory of relevant design & manufacturing capabilities of Polish science & industry Cost estimate, business model, funding possibilities Analysis of legal framework Establishing international cooperation Members from: Nuclear R&D: National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) Engineering: Energoprojekt, Prochem End-users: Azoty, Orlen, Tauron, Enea Associates: PAA (regulator), NCBR (R&D funding agency), PKO BP (bank) Committee report expected after one year, no later than end of HTR Plans in Poland 22

23 Proposed HTGR Strategy Main target: HTGR implementation for industry heat generation. Detailed target: Construction of the first commercial reactor of MW th Milestone: Construction of experimental reactor of 10 MW th in Swierk HTR Plans in Poland 23

24 Benefits from HTGR deployment for economy & society in Poland Decreasing dependence on fossil fuel import. HTGR is the only practical alternative to replace fossil fuels for industrial heat production. With expected growth of CO2 tax and low discount rate, the cost of the steam from HTGR could be comparable to that from gas, while having more secure availability and more predictable prices. Decreasing sensitivity of economy to environmental regulations. Industry dependent on fossil fuels might become less competitive in case of stronger environmental regulations (CO2 tax, emission limits, etc.). HTGR being a zero emission technology is immune to that. Boost for economy growth based on high added value. HTGR deployment is a large, innovative project, opening a new branch of economy, leading to high-tech reindustrialization and creating more attractive jobs. Synergy with multi-gw LWR program. Increasing scientific and industrial potential, upgrading the regulatory framework, developing human resources and creating a supply chain, will be beneficial for both HTGR and LWR projects. Large export potential. Very high safety level, favorable output parameters (>500 C) and relatively small size (enabling factory production and decreasing investment threshold) makes HTGR a very attractive export product. Most of those benefits are valid for other countries. You are invited to cooperate. HTR Plans in Poland 24

25 Status of HTGR program in Poland Minister : Accepted the report of the Committee for HTR Deployment and gave permission to publish the report at took note that an attempt to deploy HTGR reactors in Poland is possible, requested deputy ministers to organize meeting of experts and potential endusers to prepare further steps, nominated Department of Nuclear Energy, together with deputy ministers to be responsible for implementation of the above. HTR Plans in Poland 25

26 Thank you for attention 26