CertifHy Developing a European Framework for the generation of guarantees of origin for green hydrogen

Transcription

1 CertifHy Developing a European Framework for the generation of guarantees of origin for green hydrogen Definition of Green Hydrogen Project supported by the FCH JU The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/ ) for the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative under grant agreement n Duration: 24 months (v 1st 2014 to October 30th 2016)

2 Agenda Introduction Definition of green hydrogen Criteria for a green H2 produced by GHG virtuous plants Renewable share: definition and illustrations Application of the two GHG thresholds Examples Q&A 2

3 CertifHy will boost demand and supply of green hydrogen throughout Europe: by the creation of a market for green H2 Objective: Define a widely acceptable definition of green hydrogen; and Determine how an EU wide robust GO scheme should be designed and implemented. Consortium Affiliated Partners Step by step consultation process Other Partners: Associations, NGO s, Policy Makers,.. Supply green H2 where is not produced, improving the business case for green H2 3

4 This presentation focusses on the achieved consensus of definition of green hydrogen. WP7: Project Management and Administration Project leader: Hinicio Robust + Transparent system Rationale of green H2 WP1: Generic market outlook for green hydrogen Project leader: Hinicio WP2: Definition of Green Hydrogen Project leader: TÜV SÜD Common definition with all stakeholders WP4: Definition of a new framework of guarantees of origin for "green" hydrogen Project leader: TÜV SÜD Buy in WP3: Review of existing platforms for GO Project leader: ECN Lessons learnt from other initiatives WP6: Stakeholder Engagement & Communication Project leader: Hinicio WP5: Roadmap for the implementation of an EUwide GO scheme for green hydrogen Project leader: ECN Enabling implementation 4

5 Agenda Introduction Definition of green hydrogen Criteria for a green H2 produced by GHG virtuous plants Renewable share: definition and illustrations Application of the two GHG thresholds Examples Q&A 5

6 Low carbon" defined as a 60% reduction compared to a BAT emission benchmark t Low-carbon Renewable & t Low- Carbon High Carbon n- Renewable & t Low- Carbon Benchmark: BAT* - 60% Lowcarbon Renewable & Low-Carbon n- Renewable & Low-Carbon Low-carbon threshold ** Renewable energy n renewable energy * Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, = >95% of the provided merchant hydrogen market ** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in

7 As outcome of the consultation process, CertifHy addresses both Renewables and GHG emission targets of hydrogen users t Low-carbon High Carbon Renewable & n- t Low- Renewable & n-certifhy H Carbon H t Low- 2 2 Carbon Benchmark: BAT* (= 91 g CO 2 eq /MJ H2 ) - 60% Lowcarbon CertifHy Green CertifHy Low Carbon Low-carbon threshold ** (= 36.4 g CO 2 eq /MJ H2 ) Renewable energy n renewable energy * Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, = >95% of the provided merchant hydrogen market ** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in

8 Excessively high GHG emissions may exclude a plant from participating to the CertifHy GO scheme Producer potentially NOT eligible for GoO scheme *** Producer eligible for GoO scheme t Low-carbon Lowcarbon High Carbon Renewable & n- t Low- Renewable & n-certifhy H Carbon H t Low- 2 2 Carbon CertifHy Green CertifHy Low Carbon Benchmark: BAT* (= 91 g CO 2 eq /MJ H2 ) - 60% Low-carbon threshold ** (= 36.4 g CO 2 eq /MJ H2 ) Renewable energy n renewable energy * Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, >95% of the provided merchant H2 market ** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in 2018 *** if GHG content of n-certifhy H2 production over the last 12 months is >91gCO2eq/MJ 8

9 The low carbon benchmark has been set at an ambitious level Eligible pathways 9

10 A CO2 audit will tell you what's low carbon and what's not 10

11 Agenda Introduction Definition of green hydrogen Criteria for a green H2 produced by GHG virtuous plants Renewable share: definition and illustrations Application of the two GHG thresholds Examples Q&A 11

12 Need to define the amount of Renewable Hydrogen produced by a process using multiple energy inputs Producer potentially NOT eligible for GoO scheme Producer eligible for GoO scheme t Low-carbon Lowcarbon Production may disqualify plant from High producing Carbon CertifHy GO s Renewable & n- t Low- Renewable & n-certifhy H Carbon H t Low- 2 2 Carbon Renewable & Low-Carbon = CertifHy Green n- Renewable & Low-Carbon = CertifHy LC Benchmark: BAT* (= 91 g CO 2 eq /MJ H2 ) - 60% Low-carbon threshold ** (= 36.4 g CO 2 eq /MJ H2 ) Renewable energy n renewable energy * Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, = >95% of the provided merchant hydrogen market ** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in

13 Renewable hydrogen will be as green as the energy used for its production Biomass input 20 GJ Electricity input 10 GJ Renewable *: 20 GJ n-renewable: 7 GJ Renewable *: 3 GJ Hydrogen production n-renewable: 7 GJ Total energy input : 30 GJ 23% n-renewable H2 23% Renewable H2 77% Renewable: 23 GJ 77% * Via GO or direct feedstaock 13

14 Renewable hydrogen will be as green as the energy used for its production example Electrolysis Electrolysis Direct Connection with Renewable Energy Electrolysis Grid Connected: EU mix + RE Input Output Renewable Wind, PV,.. Renewable H2 Input 60% Renewable (Wind, PV, Green elec GoO ) 40% EU Mix Output 60% Renewable H2 14

15 Renewable hydrogen will be as green as the energy used for its production example Steam Methane Reforming Biogas from bio-waste with non-renewable heat Bio-methane from biowaste and Natural Gas Bio-waste to biogas Bio-methane from bio waste Natural gas On-Site SMR Central SMR Input Output 81% biowaste 81% renewable H2 19% non renewable heat Input 60% bio-methane from bio-waste 40% natural gas Output 60% renewable H2 15

16 Agenda Introduction Definition of green hydrogen Criteria for a green H2 produced by GHG virtuous plants Renewable share: definition and illustrations Application of the two GHG thresholds Examples Annexes 16

17 Application of Benchmark threshold on Past Production of the Hydrogen Plant H2 Production n CertifHy H2 < 91 g CO2 /MJ H2? H2 with Green GO H2 with LC GO Average GHG intensity since t 2-12 months of n- CertifHy H2 must not exceed 91 g CO2 /MJ H2 12 months Past Production t 2 12 months t 1 t 2 Time 17

18 At the batch level, hydrogen needs to be Low Carbon for producing CertifHy Green or Low-Carbon GOs H2 Production n CertifHy H2 < 91 g CO2 /MJ H2? H2 with Green GO H2 with LC GO Average GHG intensity since t 2-12 months of n- CertifHy H2 must not exceed 91 g CO2 /MJ H2 12 months Past Production Production Batch t 2 12 mths t 1 t 2 Time Average GHG intensity of H2 covered by a CertifHy GO must not exceed 36.4 g CO2 /MJ H2 n-renewable share < 36.5 g CO2 /MJ H2? < 36.5 g CO2 /MJ H2? Renewable share CertifHy Low Carbon GOs CertifHy Green H2 GOs 19

19 Decision tree presenting the criteria for producing Low- Carbon and CertifHy Green Average emissions of n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? CertifHy green or low carbon GO n- renew. batch Renewable energy input into batch? X% renew. and (1-X%) non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon X% n-certifhy X% Green 1-X% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon H2 19

20 Agenda Introduction Definition of green hydrogen Criteria for a green H2 produced by GHG virtuous plants Renewable share: definition and illustrations Application of the two GHG thresholds Examples Benefits expected of green H2 GoO Q&A 20

21 Electrolysis with different energy mixes as energy input (1/5) 60% Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? 40% EU electricity mix * Electrolyser n- renew. batch 60% renewable and 40% non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable 60% 60% 40% n-certifhy Low-carbon n-certifhy Green n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon * GHG content as disclosed by electricity supplier s mix 21

22 Electrolysis with different energy mixes as energy input (2/5) 50% Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? 50% EU electricity mix * Electrolyser n- renew. batch 60% renewable and 40% non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon 60% n-certifhy 60% Green 40% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon * GHG content as disclosed by electricity supplier s mix 22

23 Depending on the non-renewable energy source used, a minimum amount of Renewable Energy may be needed to keep GHG intensity of non-certifhy H2 of the plant below benchmark Carbon intensity (gco2/mjh2) of "n-certifhy H2" in function of the electricity mix used Without inclusion of a With inclusion of a renewable share renewable share 0% 10%... 50% 60% 70% 80% EU Mix 217,1 217,1 195, ,6 86,8 65,1 43,4 t Elegible to produce Low Coal 423,7 423,7 381, ,9 169,5 127,1 84,7 Natural gas 191,5 Carbon 191,5 or 172,4 CertifHy... Green H2 95,8 76,6 57,5 38,3 Nuclear 7,5 7,5 6,8... 3,8 3,0 2,3 1,5 Specific mix 50,0 50,0 45, ,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 Red : facility is NOT allowed to produce H2 with a CertifHy GoO Minimum renewable share required in n-certifhy H2 for maintaining eligibility to produce CertifHy H2 n-renew. origin emissions (g CO2 /MJ H2 ) Min. renewable share required EU Mix 217,1 58,1% Coal 423,7 78,5% Natural gas 191,5 52,5% Nuclear 7,5 0,0% Specific mix 50,0 0,0% te: PV and Wind are assumed to have zero GHG intensity 23

24 CertifHy Green hydrogen process example - electrolysis (3/5) 30% Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? 70% French electricity mix * 11% 6% 7% hydraulic nuclear fossil fuels other renewables 76% Electrolyser CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? n- renew. batch 30% renewable and 70% non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon X% n-certifhy 30% H Green 2 50% n-certifhy 70% Low-carbon * GHG content as disclosed by electricity supplier s mix 24

25 Electrolysis with different energy mixes as energy input (4/5) Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? French electricity mix * 11% 6% 7% hydraulic nuclear fossil fuels other renewables 76% Electrolyser CertifHy green or low carbon GoO n- renew. batch Renewable energy input into batch? X% renew. and (1-X%) non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon X% n-certifhy X% Green 1-X% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon * GHG content as disclosed by electricity supplier s mix 25

26 Electrolysis with different energy mixes as energy input (5/5) 70% French electricity mix * 11% 6% 7% hydraulic nuclear fossil fuels other renewables 76% Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? CertifHy green or low carbon GoO 70% n- renew. batch Renewable energy input into batch? 30% Renewable Electricity from waste wood 30% renew. and 70% non-renew. shares Electrolyser Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy 70% Low-carbon 30% n-certifhy X% Green 1-X% n-certifhy 70% Low-carbon * GHG content as disclosed by electricity supplier s mix 26

27 Central Steam Methane Reforming (1/3) 25% biomethane from bio-waste Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? 75% natural gas Central SMR CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? n- renew. batch 25% renewable and 75% non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon X% n-certifhy 25% Green 75% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon 27

28 Central Steam Methane Reforming (2/3) 25% biomethane from corn Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? 75% natural gas Central SMR CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? n- renew. batch 25% renewable and 75% non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon 25% n-certifhy 25% Green 75% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon 28

29 Central Steam Methane Reforming (3/3) with CCS Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? Central SMR natural gas CCS n- renew. batch X% renew. and (1-X%) non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon X% n-certifhy X% Green 1-X% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon 29

30 On-site SMR (1/2) with bio-gas from bio-waste and non-renewable heat 81% Average emissions of past n-certifhy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? 19% On-site SMR CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? n-renewable heat n- renew. batch 81% renewable and 19% non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon X% 81% n-certifhy Green H 2 19% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon 30

31 On-site SMR (2/2) with bio-gas from corn and nonrenewable heat 80% Average emissions of past n- CertifHy <91gCO 2 eq /MJ (benchmark)? 20% On-site SMR CertifHy green or low carbon GoO Renewable energy input into batch? n-renewable heat n- renew. batch 80% renewable and20 non-renew. shares Batch emissions < 36,4gCO 2 eq /MJ (40% of benchm.)? Renewable n-renewable n-certifhy Low-carbon 80% n-certifhy 25% Green 20% n-certifhy 1-X% Low-carbon 31

32 Q&A 32