Technology Development Status Report Small Modular Reactors

Transcription

1 The 10th GIF- Interface Meeting Vienna, Austria, April 2016 Technology Development Status Report Small Modular Reactors Hadid Subki Nuclear Power Technology Development Section, Division of Nuclear Power International Atomic Energy Agency

2 Project : Small Modular Reactor (SMR) Technology Development Objectives Facilitate development of key enabling technologies and resolution of enabling infrastructure issues common to future SMRs; Ensure coordination of MS experts by planning and implementing training programme and knowledge transfer through TMs and workshops Develop recommendations and guidance focusing on specific needs of embarking countries Basis of Project General Conferences Resolution for Small and Medium-sized Reactors (2005, 2007,., 2015) Received feedbacks from FONE, SAGNE, TWG-WCR, and TWG-GCR, etc. 3 SMRs in advanced stage of construction in Argentina, China and Russian Federation Many near term deployable SMR designs (Task 2) Development of a Technology Roadmap (US-PUI funded) (4) & (8) Review newcomer countries requirements, regulatory infrastructure and business issues SMR Technology Development and Deployment (3) Defining Indicators of Safety, Operability, Maintainability and Economic Performances (6) CRP on Non-Electric Cooling Systems (Post Fukushima Nuclear Safety Action Plan)

3 SMR: Motivation Driving Forces Advanced Reactors that produce electric power up to 300 MW, built in factories and transported as modules to utilities and sites for installation as demand arises. The need for flexible power generation for wider range of users and applications Replacement of aging fossil-fired units Cogeneration needs in remote and off-grid areas Potential for enhanced safety margin through inherent and/or passive safety features Economic consideration better affordability Potential for innovative energy systems: Cogeneration & non-electric applications Hybrid energy systems of nuclear with renewables 3

4 SMRs Estimated Timeline of Deployment

5 SMR Design Characteristics (1) Page 5 of 37 Multi modules configuration Two or more modules located in one location/reactor building and controlled by single control room reduced staff new approach for I&C system

6 SMR Design Characteristics (2) Modularization (construction technology) Factory manufactured, tested and Q.A. Heavy truck, rail, and barge shipping Faster construction Incremental increase of capacity addition as needed

7 SMR Site Specific Considerations Site size requirements, boundary conditions, population, neighbours and environs Site structure plan; single or multi-unit site requirements What site specific issues could affect the site preparation schedule and costs? What is the footprint of the major facilities on the site?

8 Featured Publications on SMR Nuclear Energy Series, Technical Document, ARIS Booklet, Toolkit NE Series NP-T-1.11 Options to Enhance Proliferation Resistance of Innovative SMRs Harmonized GIF and INPRO methods -TECDOC-1752 Methodologies for the Assessment of Passive Safety System Reliability in Advanced Reactors Comparison of reliability analyses methods 2014 ARIS Booklet on Advances in SMR Technology Development Published for the 58 th General Conference Covered 32 water- and gas-cooled SMRs Toolkit for SMR Technology Assessment Based on NP-T-1.10: Nuclear Reactor Technology Assessment Acknowledgment to: R. A. Bari (BNL, USA), M.D. Zentner (PNNL, USA)

9 Featured Publications on SMR in TECDOC-1785 A Collaboration of Department of Nuclear Energy and Department of Nuclear Safety and Security ( ); Contributions from 12 Member States including major SMR design organizations; Inputs obtains from 2 Technical Meetings and 3 Consultancy Meetings CONCLUDING REMARKS Near Term Deployable SMR designs apply stringent Defence-in-Depth approach to cope with Design Basis and Severe Accidents; Training of Operators on Severe Accident Management Guidelines for Multi-Module SMR Plants shall be provided; Design Solution of 7 or more days Grace Period shall be provided for SMRs intended for Remote or Off Grid Locations; Common Cause Failures for Design Specific Multi- Module SMRs shall be well understood and countermeasures shall be provided; Prevention and Mitigation measures of Cascading (Domino) Effects of Severe Accident; Robust Designs of Spent Fuel Pool and its Emergency Cooling System; The should eventually provide guidelines documents to incorporate SMR specific design features and deployment conditions.

10 Upcoming Publications on SMR in 2016 Nuclear Energy Series A Collaboration within the Division of Nuclear Power ( ); To assist MS in understanding current knowledge, practices, design and architecture, implementation, operating and maintenance related aspects with I&C systems in advanced SMRs; discussing the challenges and issues to be resolved in this field in the first phases of design and implementation by MS active in SMR development. ; A US Peaceful Uses Initiatives funded programme ( ); Present model roadmap templates for Member States to adopt as reference for strategic planning A Management Tool that avoids unforeseen barriers to product deployment; and promotes development of a complex project across a range of stakeholders; The NE Series will offer: (1) SMR Designer s Roadmap and (2) Owner/Licensee Roadmap

11 Summary is engaged in SMR Deployment Issues Twelve countries developing ~50 SMR designs with different time scales of deployment and 3 units are under construction (CAREM25, HTR-PM, KLT-40s) Commercial availability and operating experience in vendors countries is key to embarking country adoption Countries understand the potential benefits of SMRs, but support needed to assess the specific technology and customize to their own circumstances Indicators of future international deployment show positive potential 11