Between Drought and Floods: The role of Rural Support Programmes Network in Pakistan in addressing the water issue

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1 Between Drought and Floods: The role of Rural Support Programmes Network in Pakistan in addressing the water issue Abdur Rehman Cheema Rural Support Programmes Network Chevening Fellow, Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies University of Oxford January 25, 2019

2 Outline Pakistan demography and poverty profile An introduction to the rural supports programmes network (RSPN) An brief overview of the water crises and possible pathways So what? Role of RSPs to address the water and livelihoods issues SUCCESS - Community-driven local development programme Micro Hydel Power Projects

3 Pakistan Demography and Poverty Pakistan size more than three times larger than the UK Population 207 million more than three times than UK Young Nation years (21.14% of population) GDP composition Agri. (22%), Industry (19%), Services (55%) Population below poverty 39% (78 million)

4 Geography of poverty Poor in urban areas 9.3% Poor in rural areas 54.6% Regional inequality: Poor in Balochistan 71% KPK 49% Sindh 43% Punjab 31%

5 Rural Support Programmes Network (RSPN) AKRSP Aga Khan Rural Support Programme NRSP National Rural Support Programme GBTI Ghazi Barotha Taraqiati Idara PRSP Punjab Rural Support Programme SGA Sindh Graduates Association FIDA Foundation for Integrated Development Action SRSP Sarhad Rural Support Programme IRM Institute of Rural Management TRDP Thardeep Rural Development Programme BRSP Balochistan Rural Support Programme SRSO Sindh Rural Support Organisation

6 CORE OBJECTIVES Foster autonomous, sustainable, holistic, local organisations of the people Targeted programmes/products for the poor and poorest. Poverty targeting is KEY to identify the poorest Critical to bringing the poor together into community institutions Participatory and inclusive in approach Work with community institutions which make public service delivery more efficient & accountable RSPs 06 Credibility with and support of government, donors & communities. Flexible & sensitive to the needs of communities

7 3 TIER COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS 1,631 Local Support Organisations at Union Council Level (31% Women only LSOs) LSO 22,617 Member Village Organisations at Village Level Federated in LSOs (64% Women only VOs) VO VO 157,236 Community Organisations Clustered in VOs (65% Women only COs) CO CO CO Household Level * As at December, 2017

8 RSPN OUR EXPERTISE Pilots & Innovations Knowledge Sharing Research Regional Cooperation Disaster Risk Reduction Economic Empowerment Advocacy OUR EXPERTISE Education Project Management Legal Empowerment Evaluations Health Institutional Capacity Support to RSPs Community Development

9 Water Crises in Pakistan Pakistan is among the world s 36 most water-stressed countries. (IMF Report 2015) Projected to be a water scarce country by Demand for water is on the rise, projected to reach 274 million acre-feet by 2025, while supply is expected to remain stagnant at 191 MAF, a demand-supply gap of approximately 83 MAF. (Pakistan Council for Water Research, 2017)

10 Water Crises in Pakistan Water availability dropped from 5000 cubic meter in 1950 to 1000 cubic meter in 2015 ( Pakistan Council for Water Research 2016) Major factors are non-development of new water resources, population growth and the resultant socio-economic development

11 Water Crises in Pakistan Pakistan is extracting more than 74 per cent of its renewable water resource annually (UNDP Development Advocate Pakistan, Issue 3, Volume 4, 2017) Total dam storage in Pakistan represents only 30 days of average demand, compared to 1,000 days for Egypt and 220 days for India. Only 39% of the population has access to clean water. (CN PCWR, million-in-pakistan-dont-have-access-to-clean-water-report )

12 Possible pathways out of water crises Optimising water resources planning and management Increasing water productivity in agriculture sector Improving water quality Responding to climate change Strengthening water governance

13 How we are bringing change at the household level?

14 About Sindh Union Council and Community Strengthening Support Programme (SUCCESS) Poverty Reduction Programme Population 47 million Urban 52 %, Rural 48% Programme coverage 8 districts 770,000 households Sindh Literacy rate 56%

15 How SUCCESS is improving the lives?

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17 Social Mobilisation Making difference at the household level through creating resilience to floods and droughts

18 Creating resilience to floods

19 Creating resilience to drought

20 Micro hydel projects northern Pakistan Managing water for life and livelihoods Kilowatts Shelf life of 20 years Supply off-grid communities with cheap, environmentally-friendly and uninterrupted power supply. Poverty and ensuring sustainable means of livelihood

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22 THANKS Q & A arehmancheema@gmail.com