Pecan Weed Control Beginner s Pecan Production Course April 11, Timothy Grey University of Georgia

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1 Pecan Weed Control 2016 Beginner s Pecan Production Course April 11, 2016 Timothy Grey University of Georgia

2 Herbicides E Herbicides control germinating & emerging weeds rainfall for activation residual herbicides when to apply is always the key ST Herbicides controls actively growing emerged weeds Application timing and weed size are critical D all labels and restrictions el is the LAW!!!

3 Mode of Action Terminology Mode of Action (MoA): How a particular herbicide acts on a plant Response plant to herbicide phytotoxic effects To avoid this, need to control these

4 scription of MoA p:// of Action.pdf

5 hy do PRE herbicides work? eed species are more susceptible to herbicides seedlings or even prior to emergence ften takes lower concentration for control ntinuous control tended over time Herbicide dependent Environment dependent eed different MoAs

6 Residual MoA s in GA pecan f Action Chemical Family Active Ingredient WSSA Group ibitor Sulfonylureas Halosulfuron Flazasulfuron Rimsulfuron ble inhibition Dinitroanaline Pendimethalin 3 ibitor Triazines Simazine 5 ibitor Ureas and Amides Diuron 7 hibitor N-phenylphtlalimide Flumioxazin 14 2 sehesis inhibitor Alkylazine Indaziflam 29

7 What products for tree rows? duct Active Ingredient WSSA Group dea sion trix wl, Prowl H2O, & nerics Halosulfuron Flazasulfuron Rimsulfuron Pendimethalin 3 ncep & others Simazine 5 rmex & others Diuron 7 ateau & Tuscany Flumioxazin 14 on Indaziflam 29 2

8 MoA

9 MoA

10 ow do we use all this information?

Residual PRE rates iuron 7 Direx 4 L, Diuron 4 L, Karmex 1.6 3.

11 Residual PRE rates iuron 7 Direx 4 L, Diuron 4 L, Karmex qt/a imazine 5 Princep 4 F, Simazine 4 F 2 4 qt endimethalin 3 Prowl H20, EC 2 6 qt orflurazon 12 Solicam 80 DF lbs lumioxazin 14 Chateau 51 WDG 6 12 oz

12 Residual PRE rates Oryzalin 3 Surflan 4 AS, Oryzalin 4 AS 2 6 qt Indaziflam 29 Alion 1.67 SE 3.5 oz

13 POST Herbicides ply after the weeds emerge st time to kill weed dependent!!!! oadleaves when they are small 1 4 asses herbicide dependent Grass herbicides fops& dims: 2 12 SU herbicides <4 tall

POST Herbicides w PRE activity Broadleaf and Sedge Control Halosulfuron 2 Sandea 75 WDG 0.67 1.

14 POST Herbicides w PRE activity Broadleaf and Sedge Control Halosulfuron 2 Sandea 75 WDG oz Flazasulfuron 2 Mission oz Rimsulfuron 2 Solida 25 WG, Matrix 25 WG, Pruvin 25 WG 4 oz

15 POST only MoA s in GA pecan Action Chemical Family Active Ingredient WSSA Group inhibitor rbicides Multiple FOP s DIM s bitor Bipyridylium Paraquat 22 thase Glycine Glyphosate 9 ne synthetase Phosphinic acid Glufosinate 10 ibitor Triazolinone Carfentrazone 14 tion inhibitor Benzothiadiazinone Bentazon 6 hibitor Phenoxy 2,4 D 4 1

16 What products for tree rows? duct Active Ingredient WSSA Group moxone Inteon & erics Paraquat 22 y Glufosinate 10 ndup WeatherMax & erics Glyphosate 9 agran Bentazon 6 fentrazone Aim 12

17 POST only Herbicides Group 1s Annual and Perennial Grass Control Fuazifop Sethoxydim Clethodim Fusilade DX 2 EC Poast 1.5 EC Select 2 EC, Arrow 2 EC, Intensity 2 EC, Select Max, Intensity One

18 POST Herbicides contact Paraquat 22 Broad Spectrum Control Firestorm 3 SL, Parazone, Paraquat concentrate, Gramoxone Inteon Glufosinate 10 Rely 280 Glyphosate 9 Roundup Weather Max 5.5 SL, numerous brands Glyphosate + carfentrazone Rage

19 POST Herbicides roadleaf and Sedge Control 2, 4 D amine 4 Numerous generic formulation Bentazon 6 Basagran 4 SL Carfentrazone 14 Aim

20 For all herbicides Know the recommendations hat is the rate of herbicide? application timing important? Time of year to apply? Late winter/early spring ixing instructions? infall or irrigation? Bare soil or apply with contact? Roundup? Rely? Gramoxone?

21 Rotation of herbicide MoA ok for MoA information on labels

22 Options for herbicide rotation? erbicides w PRE & POST se the SU herbicides 2 MoA andea halosulfuron atrix rimsulfuron ission flazasulfuron onsult label for Weeds controlled Restrictions

23 Rotate the MoAs! ronomic crops rotate every year rennial crops may use same MoA every year NOT A GOOD PRACTICE!!! creased potential for resistance development o not want the same issues as our agronomic iends

24 Options for herbicide rotation? you use Alion in 2016 onsider alternatives in 2017 Tank mixes with Alion riven by your weed spectrum rowl H2O & others iuron/direx/karmex urflan/oryzalin onsider as many different MoA as possible oth PRE and POST options

25 esistant Weed Management uses over reliance on 1 MOA w to avoid eep rotating MoA s ank mixing PRE herbicides rbicide resistance in GA oosegrass rickly sida talian ryegrass almer amaranth arge crabgrass

26 Goosegrass

27 da species

28 ian grass

29 rge crabgrass

30 n the look out ild radish

31 OR ALL HERBICIDES CONSIDER THE OPTIONS?? What stage of trees? Newly planted Established orchard Are trees bearing? Nonbearing? What weeds do I have? How do I control them?

32 arly restrictions in new orchards Herbicides that can be use in orchards that are at least 1 year old or after soil has settled around roots (6 months) Available only after Year 2 simazine Available only after Year 3 Diuron Indaziflam

33 tablish Orchard Management ny options available strictions PHI Non bearing vs. Bearing No grazing animals after some applications ailable in Non bearing trees only bentazon (Basagran) clethodim (Select)

34 esistant Weed Management Causes How to avoid rotating MoA s tank mixing PRE herbicides Herbicide resistant Italian ryegrass ACCase resistant (grass herbicides) Glyphosate resistant ALS resistant

Thank you upport -2016 University of Georgia Georgia Pecan

35 Thank you upport University of Georgia Georgia Pecan Commission Bayer Crop Sciences Dow Agro Summit Agro uestions

Residual herbicides: Why we need them for year round weed control in pecan

Residual herbicides: Why we need them for year round weed control in pecan Troublesome weeds Grasses Perennials Bermuda grass Bahia Annuals Italian ryegrass Broadleaf weeds Winter annual wild radish Summer