Kudzu Herbicides, Biocontrol and Site Revegetation
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1 Kudzu Herbicides, Biocontrol and Site Revegetation Mark Weaver Don t worry. This will be easy. Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Stoneville, Mississippi
2 National Biological Control Laboratory Biological Control of Pests Research Unit Stoneville, Mississippi
3 verview: Problem vs. Solutions
4 verview: Problem vs. Solutions Problems with the solutions Making solutions work Making solutions work together
5 The story of kudzu
6 The story of kudzu s Kudzu as an ornamental 1910 s 1940 s Kudzu as a crop 1930 s 1950 s Kudzu to control erosion 1950 s 1970 s ops! 1970 s present #@*!? David Fairchild (USDA)
7 The story of kudzu
8 The story of kudzu - FAQ Can you kill it with Roundup? But don t we need it to stop erosion? Could you bale it? Don t deer like it?
9 Solutions part I: Herbicides
10 Solutions part I: Herbicides
11 Solutions part I: Herbicides Products that work vs. products that you can afford Poor selectivity bare ground treatments Restricted use products
12 Solutions part II: Biocontrol Asian Soybean Rust? Kudzu bug? Goats?
13 Solutions part III: Myrothecium Myrothecium verrucaria U.S. Patent No. 6,274,534 Indigenous to S.E. U.S. Very broad host range HIGHLY virulent on many dicots
14 Solutions part III: Myrothecium Trichodiene Roridin D H 3 C CH 3 CH 3 H CH 3 H CH 3 CH 3 H H 3 C H Satratoxin H Verrucarin A
15 Making solutions work part I: Herbicides Establish field plots
16 Making solutions work part I: Herbicides Apply herbicides
17 Making solutions work part I: Herbicides Measure biomass
18 Making solutions work part I: Herbicides Herbicidal Control of Kudzu Field plots 2007 Surfactant only Escort 28 days after treatment
19 Making solutions work part I: Herbicides Milestone Vista Roundup Mow
20 Making solutions work part I: Herbicides Kudzu Dry Weight (kg / ha) Untreated Ignite Calisto Roundup Mow Vista Escort Milestone Remedy Percent Control 0 20 $84 / acre $22 / acre Avg. 3 sites 11 months after treatment
21 Making solutions work part II: Myrothecium Standard Spore Preparation
22 Making solutions work part II: Myrothecium Standard Spore Preparation
23 Making solutions work part II: Myrothecium Standard Spore Preparation Washed Spore Preparation
24 Making solutions work part II: Myrothecium Sicklepod Sicklepod + Myrothecium washed spores + improved surfactant
25 Making solutions work part II: Myrothecium Untreated Aminocyclopyrachlor Milestone Myrothecium 4 oz/acre 7 oz/acre 3x10 12 / acre Imprelis Streamline Perspective Viewpoint All applications in Aug with Induce surfactant Photos November 2009
26 Herbicides or biocontrol or mowing?
27 Making solutions work part III: Integration Herbicides or biocontrol or mowing? Herbicides and biocontrol and mowing! and how about some native vegetation on the side, as well? Questions: Best chemistry? Herbicide timing & split application? Concurrent revegetation? Power in integration?
28 Making solutions work part III: Integration Plot Establishment Replicated in 3 Locations 3 Reps per location RCB design
29 Making solutions work part III: Integration Planting switchgrass Previously untreated Herbicide treated
30 Making solutions work part III: Integration 3 months later
31 Making solutions work part III: Integration % Reduction in Kudzu Biomass a a a ab ab ab ab ab ab b Avg. of 9 reps. Results 2 years after initial treatments
32 Conclusions Some of the new herbicides are really good
33 Conclusions Some of the new herbicides are really good Effective, low use rates, affordable, selective, fewer restrictions
34 Conclusions Some of the new herbicides are really good Myrothecium can be an effective bioherbicide
35 Conclusions Some of the new herbicides are really good Myrothecium can be an effective bioherbicide An integrated program (even with marginal components!) can be effective
36 Conclusions Some of the new herbicides are really good Myrothecium can be an effective bioherbicide An integrated program (even with marginal components!) can be effective Don t let exotic invasive weeds have the last word!
37 Thanks! Mention of trade or commercial names is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. aflatoxin
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Manure and Cover Crops: Working Together to Improve Soil Health
PROJECT NEWSLETTER There are 5 main principles for improving soil health: 1. Keep the soil covered as much as possible 2. Disturb the soil as little as possible (tillage or chemicals) 3. Keep plants growing
Control of Amur honeysuckle (Lonceria mackaii L.) Using Different Application Techniques
Control of Amur honeysuckle (Lonceria mackaii L.) Using Different Application Techniques Introduction Amur honeysuckle is a non-native federally listed woody invasive species that, originally from Asia,
A Weed Scientist s Perspective on Cover Crops in Missouri. Kevin Bradley University of Missouri
A Weed Scientist s Perspective on Cover Crops in Missouri Kevin Bradley University of Missouri Introduction Economic incentives (~$25-38/A) have led to increased interest in Midwest crop production systems