Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space Mark Dowell Joint Research Centre

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1 Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space 2016 Mark Dowell Joint Research Centre 2013 )

2 World Requirements: Climate Conferences Global Climate Observing System Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) World Climate Conferences 1990 WCRP World Climate Research Programme. SCIENCE 2000 GCOS Global Climate Observing System. OBSERVATIONS 2010 GFCS- Global Framework for Climate Services. SERVICES These programmes report directly to the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and there Parties are expected to support them. 15 February

3 Why do we need a Climate Monitoring Architecture? To provide a structured and comprehensive view as to what Climate Data Records are available from Earth Observation satellites To create the conditions for delivering further Climate Data Records through best use of existing data holdings To optimise the planning of future satellite missions and constellations in order to expand existing and planned Climate Data Records, in terms of both coverage and record length, and address possible gaps

4 We need Scaffolding

5 Pillars of the Architecture Sixteenth WMO Congress Resolution 19 Considering: The underpinning role that observations will play in the Global Framework observations will play in the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS), Decides: that an architecture for climate monitoring from space should be developed, to provide a framework for the sustained &coordinated monitoring of the Earth s climate from space; Invites: CEOS, CGMS, GCOS, GEO & WCRP to collaborate with the WMO Space Programme on the development

6 Logical Architecture Also general enough to address insitu 15 February

7 Logical representation Traceable to GCOS Guidelines and GCOS Climate Monitoring Principles Traceable from ECV Inventory and physical representation of Climate Monitoring Architecture

8 Continued need for research Recognition that the traditional inverse wedge R2O paradigm is not always adequate Particularly true for climate Existing mechanisms for feedback to research programmes Additional dedicated programmes ESA CCI

9 Road Map Define, Validate and Obtain Consensus on Overall Approach (including logical representation) Short-term (within 2 years) Describe Current and Planned Implementation Arrangements (ECV-by- ECV) within an Inventory Medium-term (2-4 years) Use the Inventory to Develop a Coordinated Action Plan to Address Identified Gaps/Shortfalls

10 ECV Inventory Based on a questionnaire it describes the current and planned monitoring capability on an ECV basis; Provides specific information per data record (some being not part of meta data); Establishes traceability with respect to GCOS principles, requirements and guidelines; Directly supports gap analysis by its structure. Action Plan Creation of conditions to deliver CDRs Gap Analysis & Recommendation ECV Inventory Reference Assessment Process

11 Other Required types of Data Record 15 February

12 Interim Climate Data Records From CM-SAF (EUMETSAT/DWD) Consistent with TCDR datasets Based on TCDR expertise& team Regular updates Especially for climate monitoring and services Capitalize on TCDR production & service environment 15 February

13 Case Studies Report Objectives: Validate the Architecture logic starting from the end user, and demonstrate its benefits Investigate how satellite data are used in climate services Better understand information flows, dependencies, requirements Formulate recommendations 13 case studies in areas of Agriculture and food security Health Transport Mitigation Adaptation Disaster risk assessment (floods) Energy Ecosystems Protocol monitoring GFCS Priority Areas

14 Case Studies Overview Representation of: - Climate application and service areas - Geographical contexts - Developing and developed countries, and economies in transition - Global, regional, and local scales

15 Case Study: Drought monitoring for food security (China) Service: Monitoring of drought indicators (basic mode), generation of additional information in case of drought (special mode) End users: Decision-making service of CMA; provincial governments - Combination and agriculture of satellite services CDR and near Intermediate users: National Climate Centre; provincial meteorological real-time bureaus data needed for this service - Non-ECV records are relevant

16 Case Study: Crop monitoring (Eritrea) Service: Bulletins of crop yield forecasts End users: Eritrean institutions; European policy institutions and development aid agencies Intermediate user: European Commission JRC - Reanalysis, as user of satellite and other observations, provides basis for service - Jointly with other sources of information (NDVI, geospatial, situational awareness)

17 Concluding Remarks Case studies show variety and complexity of contexts in which satellite data support climate services Satellite-based - and in-situ - CDRs are observation baseline for climate services: Directly (anomalies, ) Indirectly (e.g. through reanalyses which underpin a range of services) Other datasets and information sources are critical or very important: Near real-time data, Interim CDRs, model output, socioeconomic data, contextual data, terrain models Not necessarily meeting, or have to meet, climate standards

18 Concluding Remarks Architecture overall valid To guide coordinated and sustainable generation of CDRs, in: Defining a common approach Positioning activities in a wider context Identifying gaps, and addressing them Communicating with decision-makers To trigger research and capacity building in areas of need BUT: Beneficiaries of climate services require a resilient value chain Therefore, identification of user requirements for climate services : Needs to occur at all levels in the value chain Across all ECVs and applications Global national local??? Service Needs

19 World Economic Forum Global Risks Landscape February