Vertical Farming 2.0. Civic Farms, LLC Paul Hardej Rebecca Knight, Ph.D. CleanTX Power Hour ATI, Austin, TX 9/21/2016.

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1 Vertical Farming 2.0 Civic Farms, LLC Paul Hardej Rebecca Knight, Ph.D. CleanTX Power Hour ATI, Austin, TX 9/21/2016

2 Principles of Vertical Farming Growth and harvesting of food or commodity crops (including leafy greens, berries, tomatoes, peppers, etc) in a controlled environment. Artificial lighting is used for directing plant development and photosynthesis with specific amounts and types of light depending on the crop and growth stage. Vertical Farming took root around the World over the last decade. There are over 600 known VF companies in various stages of development with 450 located in Japan alone. Japanese VF s are highly government subsidized. 2

3 Principles of Vertical Farming Many systems have been developed for different size applications and markets. Reasons to implement vertical farming are many, including: To meet consumer demand for affordable, locally grown, fresh produce. To repair damaged ecosystems and produce food and chemicals sustainably. 3

4 In 20 years over 80% of us will live in cities

5 Farms use 70% of the available freshwater on our planet* Photo by Peter McBride Colorado River Photo by Bobby Haas * Sometimes, they use it all

6 Agricultural Runoff is Poisoning Our Oceans < >80 Percent Increase in TN River Flux Dead Zones US Floods: 1993, 2007, 2008, 2011* *worst in US history

7 80% of the arable landmass is already in use and much of that has been degraded by sub-standard farming practices

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9 Controlled Environment Agriculture Rice from Japan CEA Education from Arizona Dr. Gene Giacomelli Tomatoes from Spain Lettuce from Singapore

10 Apply these proven indoor agricultural strategies to growing food in buildings located within the urban landscape The Result: Vertical Farming

11 Top Advantages of a Vertical Farm 1. CONSISTENT YEAR ROUND CROP PRODUCTION 2. FRESHNESS CROPS GROWN WHERE PEOPLE LIVE 3. YIELDS 30 TO 100 TIMES WHAT A TRADITIONAL FARM CAN PRODUCE 4. CONSISTENT YEAR ROUND PRICING 5. NO CROP LOSS DUE TO SEVERE WEATHER 6. CONSISTENT QUALITY VIA CEA GROW METHODS AND LIGHTING 7. CONSERVED RESOURCES: 98% LESS WATER USE, NO AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF, REPURPOSED VACANT BUILDINGS 8. CREATES GREEN COLLAR URBAN JOBS

12 Challenges There are many different components to vertical farming, highly inter-disciplinary. The components are often interconnected and can take years to understand and integrate. System development is costly and many companies have wasted time and capital due to unanticipated scale-up challenges and unforseen market fluctuation. 12

13 Challenges construction architecture disease prevention operations genetics building codes market research trials/doe seeding occupational safety photobiochemistry site selection property management food safety procurement pollination nutrients innovation ROI calculations construction harvesting nutritional analysis LEDs temperature humidity photoperiod photomorphogenesis 13

14 Solutions VERTICAL FARM 2.0

15 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VERTICAL FARMING AND VERTICAL FARMING 2.0? PROBLEM with VERTICAL FARMING: Vertical Farms have many advantages over the traditional farming or other types of C.E.A. (Controlled Environment Ag) like greenhouses. However VF s have two main impediments which hinder the growth of this otherwise compelling industry: High Entry Capital Requirement (CAPEX) High Labor Cost (OPEX)

16 CAPEX Solution: The design of VF 2.0 Grow Systems represents another innovation through a balanced approach: Construction, design and operation of VF 2.0 Grow Systems has a direct correlation to the type and costs of Real Estate housing such Grow Systems. Our balanced design provides operators with the most optimal Grow System construction, consisting of: many interchangeable, repeatable mass produced elements, Reasonable Scale while overall scale of the design allows for use of less demanding building types, which represent much larger, more available and reasonable priced typed of Real Estate including office building, flex warehouse-office space and many commercial type structures. minimized the floor load requirements, Reduced power requirements by using of the most advanced LED lighting technology Lowest Heat Load and reduced cooling systems requirements Smart Design Modular for Data Mining through localized controls

17 OPEX Solution: We have developed a proprietary grow process to eliminate many labor steps required to grow in CEA farms. The following table illustrates the major differences between typical Vertical Farming and our innovative and protected growing process The Vertical Farming 2.0. Our organic nutrient approach including aquaponics and variety of custom grow medium with organic soluble nutrients = Proprietary Packaging (Grow Trays) provides for lowest OPEX cost possible. Reduce Labor Steps from Greenhouse or Typical Vertical Farm by 70% Patent Pending Process, Packaging utility and design Patents

18 WHO IS?

19 Civic Farms UTILITY-SCALE VERTICAL FARMING COMPANY KEY MANAGEMENT: Paul Hardej Founder, Board Member, CEO Dr. Merle Jensen Board Member, CTO Newt Hamlin Chairman of the Board, Strategy Stephanie Garcia Board Member, Marketing Matt Silvers Member and General Counsel Jolanta Hardej CMO Dr. Rebecca Knight VP Research & Technology Arie Brish VP Data Strategy & IT Bio-Tech Vertical Farm 2.0 CONSUMER BRAND COMPANY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY DATA MINING COMPANY DEVELOPMENT & OPERATIONS COMPANY

20 Civic Farms KEY MANAGEMENT: UTILITY-SCALE VERTICAL FARMING COMPANY Paul Hardej Founder, Board Member, CEO Dr. Merle Jensen Board Member, CTO Newt Hamlin Chairman of the Board, Strategy Stephanie Garcia Board Member, Marketing Matt Silvers Member and General Counsel Jolanta Hardej CMO Bio-Tech Vertical Farm 2.0 CONSUMER BRAND COMPANY TECHNOLOGY COMPANY DATA MINING COMPANY DEVELOPMENT & OPERATIONS COMPANY

21 FARM # 1: BIOSPHERE 2 WEST LUNG Indoor Vertical Farm Plant System in Biosphere2 West Lung

22 BIOSPHERE 2 WEST LUNG 1.PRODUCTION 2.RESEARCH 3.EDUCATION Inside the lung

23 Summary Vertical farming is a reality consumers are asking for it. Companies interested in setting up vertical farms for their own distribution can figure it out but it can take years. What works in one market or application might not in the next. Civic Farms has the experience, expertise, and relationships to be profitable and a leader in the next wave of Vertical Farming