Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Peanut Productivity and Mycotoxin Control GHANA PMIL VALUE CHAIN

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1 Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Peanut Productivity and Mycotoxin Control GHANA PMIL VALUE CHAIN William Ofori Appaw Mycotoxin and Food Analysis Laboratories Department of Food Science and Technology KNUST. Kumasi, Ghana

2 Overview of Peanut and Mycotoxin Innovation Laboratory Peanut and Mycotoxin Innovation Laboratory Research Target Areas Research Portfolios Ghana Peanut Value Chain Available Technologies OUTLINE Links for additional information

3 Feed the Future Role of government Dual focus on poverty reduction and improving nutrition Staples-led economic growth Dietary diversification: legumes, animal source foods S&T for development Photo: Borlaug Foundation Overarching Goal: Sustainable Intensification

4 Peanut & Mycotoxin Innovative Lab (PMIL) WHO ARE WE? OUR MANDATE a unique network of U.S. colleges & universities and partner country (Africa & North America) research and educational institutions based in University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (administration office) increase productivity and profitability of peanut production improve nutrition and food safety mitigate the impacts of contamination of peanuts and other crops by mycotoxins.

5 Why Peanuts? Global importance (39 million tons, 95% in developing countries) Highly nutritious (protein, fiber, unsaturated fats, RUTF/RUSF) Valuable as a legume in cereal systems (fixes nitrogen) Often a women s sustenance (and cash) crop Priority value chains in Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia

6 Why Mycotoxin? Contaminate numerous crops, and livestock products Reduce quality and marketability Carcinogenic with serious health effects Linked with childhood stunting

7 PMIL s Focus Countries USA Haiti Supporting Research Activities: Mali Senegal Ethiopia Kenya Uganda Ghana Zambia Malawi Mozambique Peanut value chains in 5 countries Mycotoxin mitigation across crops

8 PMIL Research Targets Improved Varieties & Agronomy Effective Drying Options PRODUCERS Harvesting Drying BUYERS Quality Checks Shelling Cost- Effective Mycotoxin Detection Contaminated Material Uses Effective Storage Options Storage Small-Scale Mechanization OVERALL QUALITY CHECK/ASSURANCE

9 PMIL Research Portfolio Improved peanut varieties Mycotoxin management Seed production Post-harvest handling & processing Market opportunities Breeding Genomics RNAi Aflagoggles Blood samples Detection options Sampling strategies Haiti Value Chain Ghana Value Chain Post-harvest intervention study Malawi/Mozambique/Zambia Value Chain Pre-harvest economics Prenatal nutrition study

10 Ghana Value Chain Objectives Village value chain (field, drying, storage, sales*) Variety development and evaluations Post Harvest and Processing Socioeconomic survey* Farmer Field Schools and education programs Graduate student programs Discipline studies supporting graduate programs

11 Village Value Chain Identify critical points and develop adoptable interventions along the value chain Good Agriculture Practices Application of oyster shells Application of local high potash based soap for management of aphis (a vector for rosette virus) Weed management Drying options (tarpaulin, improved solar driers etc) Storage options (hermatic bags etc) Involve national programs/institutes to build local capacity, including training

12 Selection of 2 villages 10 farmers per village (Both Major and Minor seasons) Farmer Practice Weeding once Field Production Samples to KNUST Best Management Practice -Alata soap - Application of oyster shells - Weeding twice Drying Tarp Bare ground Samples to KNUST Tarp Bare ground Storage Samples to KNUST Hermetic bag on pallet Poly sack on cement floor Hermetic bag on pallet Poly sack on cement floor Hermetic bag on pallet Poly sack on cement floor Hermetic bag on pallet Poly sack on cement floor Fig 1. Workflow for Ghana Village Value Chain

13 Preliminary Aflatoxin Analyses Table 1. Effect of interventions on Aflatoxin Levels (ppb) Field (Harvesting Stage) Drying Stage* (Ground vs Tarpaulin) Storage Stage + (Poly Sag vs Hermatic Bag) Practice Aflatoxin Level Aflatoxin Level % Reduction Aflatoxin Level % Reduction Farmer** Improved** ND ND (38.24) (5.94) (85) (133.22) (10.89) (95) Aflatoxin Analysis done using HPLC based on AOAC Official Methods ND = Not Detected *Solar dried to reach average moisture content of 6.25% + Storage 9 months at ambient temperature ** pooled data for Drobonso Village, Ashanti Region, Ghana, 2014/2015 Major Season. Values are min max (average) Peanut Variety: Konkoma/Chinese

14 Variety Development and Evaluation Development and evaluation of improved cultivars across regions Aflatoxin Resistance, Drought resistance etc Germplasms (ICRASAT, CSIR-CRI, CSIR-SARI) Evaluation of inputs and biotic/abiotic stress on aflatoxin control Transfer of technology and knowledge across regions

15 Preliminary Aflatoxin Analyses Table 2. Evaluation of new germplasms from ICRISAT and CSIR-CRI, Ghana + Source Incidence of Rosette Aflatoxin Level (ppb) ICRISAT* < 50% (n=8) > 50% (n=6) CSIR-CRI** < 20% (n=6) P>F (source of germplasm) < on-station trail at CSIR-CRI, Kwadaso *pooled from 14 germplasm lines **pooled from 6 germplasm lines Table 3. Effect of Drying Techniques on Aflatoxin *pooled from 3 different new germplasms planted at on-station trail at CSIR-CRI (on station side at Kwadaso) after 4 weeks at 8.23% moisture content

16 Processing Development and evaluation of drying, sorting, and storage practices/technologies for aflatoxin management Identification of best practices (GMP, GHP, HACCP plans) appropriate for SMEs, especially aflatoxin sampling and mitigation Aflatoxin contaminated waste stream management and alternative uses

17 Capacity Building National programs/institutes to build local capacity, including training Farmer Field Schools and education programs Multi-disciplinary Graduate student programs

18 Available technologies Improved varieties (drought tolerant, disease resistant, higher yield) Agronomy practices (knowledge, manuals) Post-harvest technology (drying, storage, mechanization options) Processing technology (shellers) Market options (local, RUTF, export) Detection systems (ELISA, HPLC, test strips) Knowledge (peanuts, mycotoxins)

19 For more details, see pmil.caes.uga.edu subscribe to our enewsletter follow us on social media

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