Alternative Feedstuffs and Changing Coproducts for Cowherd. Dr. Dan Shike University of Illinois. Outline. Alternative feedstuff considerations
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1 Alternative Feedstuffs and Changing Coproducts for Cowherd Dr. Dan Shike University of Illinois Introduction Outline Alternative feedstuff considerations Nutrient composition Availability and consistency Storage and feeding Effects on performance COST Changing coproducts 1!
2 Introduction Changing dynamics in agriculture Increasing population Decreasing acres for grazing or crops Increased utilization of grain for fuel Increased input costs Cow/Calf Profitability Graze as many days as possible Varies from region to region Varies year to year Drought Snow/ice Feed Costs!!! 50-70% of the cost of production Most of the costs are in stored feeds Costs of traditional feeds (hay and corn) 2!
3 Alternative Feedstuffs Alternative Available as another possibility Varies from region to region Alternative Feedstuffs Alternative feedstuff considerations Nutrient composition Availability and consistency Storage and feeding Effects on performance COST 3!
4 Nutrient Composition Nutrient composition Get feed analyzed Know the requirements of your cows Supplement considerations Need calcium for corn coproducts What about sulfur? Availability and Consistency Availability Google Missouri Byproduct Drought affected corn coproduct availability Consistency Plant to plant variation Within plant variation 4!
5 Storage Considerations Commodity shed Bunker Bag Bin Ground Storage Considerations Wet vs. Dry Feed Cost / trucking cost Shelf-life of wet product 5!
6 Feeding Method Product form poses challenges DDGS Difficult to pellet Meal Wind Mud Feeding Method Bunks Ground 6!
7 Equipment Considerations Effects on Performance Traditional Alternative 7!
8 Methods 164 Angus and Simmental Cows (16 pens) Trial started at calving Trial ended at time of AI Cow DM disappearance, BW change, milk production, calf ADG, and AI conception Treatments Ad Lib: DDGS (~14.3 lbs DM/d) with ad libitum access to corn stalk residue bales High Residue: DDGS (~14.3 lbs DM/d) and ground corn stalk residue (~ 14.1 lbs DM/d) Low Residue: DDGS (~16.5 lbs DM/d) and ground corn stalk residue (~ 9.9 lbs DM/d) Hay: (Control) Ad libitum access to good quality mixed alfalfa hay bales 8!
9 Feed Analysis Ingredient % CP %ADF %NDF %TDN % Fat %S %K %Ca %P DDGS Stalk Bale Alfalfa Bale DM Disappearance lbs/d 9!
10 BW change, lbs Milk Production, lbs/d 10!
11 Calf ADG, lbs/d First AI Conception, % 11!
12 Cost If nutrient requirements are met and performance is adequate decisions can be made solely on COST Feed Costs, $/d Prices:(DDGS(,($120(/(ton,(Hay,($130(/(ton,((Corn(Residue($55(/(ton( 12!
13 Feed Costs, $/d Prices:(DDGS(,($275(/(ton,(Hay,($225(/(ton,((Corn(Residue($75(/(ton( Feed,Costs,,$/d Ad,Lib High Low Hay Changing Coproducts Coproducts change Different composition 13!
14 Methods 136 Angus and Simmental Cows (16 pens) Trial started at calving Trial ended at time of AI Cow DM disappearance, BW change, milk production, calf ADG, and AI conception Treatments DDGS: 14.3 lbs DM/d DDGS with ad libitum access to corn stalk residue bales Bran/DDGS: 9.7 lbs DM/d Bran and 4.8 lbs DM/d DDGS with ad libitum access to corn stalk residue Bran/HP: 11.2 lbs DM/d Bran and 3.3 lbs DM/d HP with ad libitum access to corn stalk residue Hay: (Control) Ad libitum access to good quality mixed alfalfa hay bales 14!
15 Feed Analysis Ingredient % CP %ADF %NDF %TDN % Fat %S %K %Ca %P Dakota Gold BPX DDGS Dakota Gold HP Dakota Bran Corn Residue Alfalfa Mixed Hay DM Disappearance lbs/d DM+disappearance+lbs/d DDGS Bran/DDGS Bran/HP Hay 15!
16 BW change, lbs 0!10!20!30!40!50!22!11!7!60!70!66* DDGS Bran/DDGS Bran/HP Hay Milk Production, lbs/d Milk-Prodution,-lbs/d DDGS Bran/DDGS Bran/HP Hay 16!
17 Calf ADG, lbs/d Calf/ADG,/lbs/d DDGS Bran/DDGS Bran/HP Hay First AI Conception, % First0AI0Conception,0% DDGS Bran/DDGS Bran/HP Hay 17!
18 Summary Alternative feeds vary from region to region Must consider availability and consistency Evaluate storage and feeding requirements If performance is comparable, costs dictate As coproducts change, producers will adapt KNOW ANALYSIS and COSTS 18!
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