Farmers options in bioeconomy

Transcription

1 Farmers options in bioeconomy Biljana Kulisic & Matko Perovic Energy Institute Hrvoje Pozar, Croatia Trial training (A3) May 2018; MAICh, Greece

2 Circular economy is an industrial system that is restorative or regenerative by design. It replaces the end-of-life concept with restoration, shifts towards the use of renewable energy, eliminates use of toxic chemicals, which impair reuse, and aims for the elimination of waste through the superior design of materials, products, systems, and, within this, business models. (source: Ellen MacArthur Foundation 2013)

3 yyhmi

4 3 principles of circular economy Source: Ellen MacArthur Foundation circular economy team drawing from Braungart & McDonough and Cradle to Cradle (C2C)

5 Circular Economy Package for EU (2014) This initiative is meant as a direct contribution to the objectives pursued to give a new boost for Jobs, Growth and Investment and placed within the wider context of the Commission's commitment towards sustainable development. Moreover, eco-industries and eco-innovation currently supply 1/3 of the global market for green technologies, worth a trillion euro and expected to double by This initiative aims to reinforce this trend, thus contributing to green growth and to other EU priorities such as the work towards developing a Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change Policy (source: Circular Economy Strategy Roadmap, 2015)

6 Circular economy and bioeconomy Bioeconomy is Europe's response to key environmental challenges the world is facing already today. It is meant to reduce the dependence on natural resources, transform manufacturing, promote sustainable production of renewable resources from land, fisheries and aquaculture and their conversion into food, feed, fibre, bio-based products and bio-energy, while growing new jobs and industries. Source:

7 Circular economy example Phosporous (P) is limited, vital element for life on Earth. P is listed as a critical material for the EU since Approximately 15 Mt/yr extracted out of the increasingly scarce phosphate rock especially for food production, whereas just 3 Mt are finally consumed in the food eaten by the world population. (Cordell et al. 2009a, 295f) An apparent loss of 80% could easily be interpreted as absolutely inefficient. P recovery from waste streams: Waste water treatment plants Manure Digestate (AD) Source(s):

8 MRTs4&feature=youtu.be

9 ZqbrCs

10 Why is bioeconomy important to agriculture? Promoting dynamic territorial development, through the mobilisation of rural and coastal economies. Rural or semi-rural areas represent about 88% of EU territory and account for 46% of the Gross Value Added and 55% of jobs. Setting the right framework conditions and developing key skills will be critical to foster innovation in rural areas, helping them generating economic activities and coping with the various dimensions of sustainability. (source: Horizon 2020 Work Programme in the area of Food security, sustainable agriculture and forestry, marine and maritime and inland water research and the bioeconomy, 2016)

11 Bioeconomy new concepts for the use of natural resources these topics are described in English as the 4Fs: 1. feed, 2. food, 3. Fiber, 4. fuel. In Europe, it is called "knowledge based bio-economy '(KBBE). by ScienceCampus Halle - plant-based bioeconomy "Knowledge based" and "biobased" are the two core elements of this area which is characterized by its great diversity.

12 Biomass (in the eyes of energy): Biomass: any organic matter, i.e. biological material, available on a renewable basis. Includes feedstock derived from animals or plants, such as wood and agricultural crops, and organic waste from municipal and industrial sources. Bioenergy: energy generated from the conversion of solid, liquid and gaseous products derived from biomass. Traditional use of solid biomass: The traditional use of solid biomass refers to the use of solid biomass with basic technologies, such as a three-stone fire, often with no or poorly operating chimneys. IEA;

13 Biomass (in the eyes of energy): Renewable energy fuel derived from organic material such as trees, plants, and agricultural and urban waste. It can be used for heating, electricity generation, and transport fuels. Increasing the use of biomass in the EU can help diversify Europe's energy supply, create growth and jobs, and lower greenhouse gas emissions. In 2012, biomass and waste accounted for about 2/3 of all renewable energy consumption in the EU. EU;

14 Consumption of biomass&waste resources by end use in 2015 (IEA) ~9% world total primary energy supply

15 Modern bioenergy growth by sector, (IEA)

16 Idealized biorefinery concept (2004) All parts of the community work together, thus helping to reduce waste and optimize energy and product yields from the substrates Herrera (2004) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA

17 Biomass Pathways in the IEA Bioenergy Roadmap (2017) Source: IEA (2017): Technology Roadmap: Delivering Sustainable Bioenergy; green dashed circle added

18 Pathways from biomass into the energy system DBFZ (2012) Systemic contribution of biomass

19 How to make more with less or the same?

20 Global Bioeconomy Summit (2018)

21 On the road to Bioeconomy Transition from fossil base economy to bio-based economy has many directions and individual goals Examples: Finland: rural development* Denmark: food production* Sweden: lignin based carbon fibres Nordic countries: market for functional food (nutraceuticals)* Germany: Sustainable agricultural systems and food; greening urban areas; resource protection and biobased circular economy USA: biotech Brazil: biobased meta sector digital footprint for biomaterials *source: Dubois (FAO): Overview on How Sustaibability of Bioeconomy Has and Should be Addressed at Global and National Levels, Bioeconomy Forum, Riga, 2017

22 HR balance: 485 PJ Biomass&waste: 67 PJ + 1 PJ imp (HR: total balance: 485 PJ)

23 HR final consumption: 293 PJ Biomass&waste: 51 PJ (HR: total balance: 485 PJ) Non-energy use: 23 PJ Oil products 6 PJ Natural gas: 17 PJ

24 GDP structure comparison: HR-DE-SE 100% 90% 100% 90% Fourastié 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% HR DE SE 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Traditional civilizations Transitional period Tertiary civilisation agriculture construction Primary sector Secondary Tertiary manufacturing public administration services mining transport utilities

25 What if bioeconomy is considered as nothing new? What if bioeconomy just represents upgrading of continuous development in agriculture, forestry, food- and wood-processing industry and bioenergy? What if bioeconomy is a vehicle to generate jobs based on agriculture and forestry but outside of agriculture and forestry within rural areas?

26 Bioeconomy for farmers Large scale: biorefineries Biomass suppliers Small scale: decentralised, innovations Biomass suppliers Prosumers Fuel suppliers Energy suppliers Bioproducts suppliers

27 Biorefinery Biorefining is the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of bio-based products (food, feed, chemicals, and materials) and bioenergy (biofuels, power and/or heat). Source: bioenergy.task42- biorefineries.com/en/ieabiorefinery.htm example wood biorefinery:

28 Small scale: Prosumer Energy cooperative AD: biogas & digestate Combustion Fuel producers Bio-chemicals In the next 2 days

29 Follow us At the website OR: capacitycooperation.eu/uploads/files/dspf_kick- Off_project_posters_09_ECVII_PA08_FarmCircle.pdf