13 March 2016 Price is valid for available stock and 30 days from listed date; else is a guideline price.

Transcription

1 13 March 2016 Price is valid for available stock and 30 days from listed date; else is a guideline price. Item kg Price excluding VAT & excluding delivery Price excluding VAT & excluding delivery Chloramine T (Halamid) 0.25 R R R R R R R 1, R R 2, R 1, R 2, R 2, R 4, R 4, Applications of Chloramine T ORGANIC AQUACULTURE THE ORGANIC FOOD FEDERATION IN THE UK AND THE FRENCH MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES HAVE AUTHORIZED HALAMID FOR USE IN ORGANIC FISH FARMING. Effective hygiene in the aquaculture farm. Very effective against fish and shrimp pathogenic microorganisms. See NOTES 2 AND 3 Chloramine for thermal fogging in the poultry industry replaces the use of traditional chemicals such as formaldehyde (ultra-fine droplets in a range of 1-50 μm) Applied to biosecurity for freshwater trout and for young salmon during the ground-based freshwater lifestages. Efficacy against Flavo and other gill bacteria, Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) and other parasites, Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA), and Fungal diseases such as Seprolagnia, and to treat seawater pathogens as well. Used to treat wellboat water and disinfect wellboats, nets and cages. AGD density on salmonid in seawater can be markedly decreased using Chloramine, which can offer a more practical solution than freshwater bathing for example. Chloramine activity (hence potential toxicity) is marginally higher in seawater than in freshwater, results from further careful studies show that exposure to the recommended dosage of 10 ppm in full-strength seawater for 1 hour is safe for Atlantic salmon smolts. Larval hatcheries find showing lower bacterial and viral levels and consequently higher survival and better growth = see NOTE 1 below. Chloramine T is recommended by the OIE to disinfect equipment against Gyrodactylus salaris at 1% and is also recognized by the same organization to be effective against IPN and ISA viruses. Chloramine T is an alternative to antibiotic and formalin use. See NOTE 4 Skype: ecotao

2 NOTE 1 Trials by Balai Budidaya Laut Batam ( BBL Batam ) and Axcentive on the topic of improving hygiene and preventing diseases in tropical fish farming, starts bearing fruit. Results are showing lower bacterial and viral levels and consequently higher survival and better growth. Initial tests in the larvae hatchery have shown that a small but regular dosage of Halamid into the rearing water gives a significant better survival for grouper, barramundi and silver pompano. Larvae survival, both in the wild and in farms, is typically low, much lower than it is in the subsequent nursery and grow out stages. The number of eggs required is therefore a multitude of the number of fish harvested. The availability of good quality eggs is often a bottleneck. Upon using Halamid the larvae survival rate has multiplied with a factor 5. These tests also prove that Halamid can be applied at a dosage that is effective in killing disease causing bacteria and viruses, without showing the toxicity symptoms that many other products show at their effective level. NOTE 2 EFFICACY Chloramine is effective against many microorganisms related to aquaculture applications. A few of them are indicated below, but the complete activity spectrum of Chloramine is much wider. Bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida (Furunculosis) Flexibacter maritimus (Marine columnaris) Flavobacterium branchiophilum (BGD) Flavobacterium columnaris (Columnaris) Vibrio anguillarum (Vibriosis) Vibrio harveyi Vibrio salmonicida Yersinia ruckeri (Redmouth disease) Viruses Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (IPN) Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA) Fungi Saprolegnia Parasites Gyrodactylus salaris Ichthyobodo necator (Costia) Ichthyophthirius multifilis (White spot) Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis (Amoebic Gill Disease) Trematodes Chloramine T is recommended by the OIE to disinfect equipment against Gyrodactylus salaris at 1% and is also recognized by the same organization to be effective against IPN and ISA viruses.

3 NOTE 3 KOI TREATMENT More than one reference has data on treating koi with chloramine T F is is 13 degrees Celsius. Caution: Please check your ph and KH prior to using as Chloramine T can be very toxic in soft water. If your ph is below ph7 (acid) and has a general hardness below 6 dh (soft water) reduce the dose by 75%. NOT safe to use with salt.

4 ine-t&catid=33:medication-1&itemid=175 The dosage when treating a pond is very dependent on the alkalinity of the water, as well as the dissolved organic content. ph Water hardness below 80 Water hardness above 80 Dosage Dosage g per 1000 litres 5 g per 1000 litres 7 5 g per 1000 litres 7.5 g per 1000 litres 8 8 g per 1000 litres 10 g per 1000 litres At the above dosage, the impact of Chloramine T on the nitrifying bacteria in a filter system will be negligible. Chloramine T can also be used to sterilise nets, bowls, feeding troughs and water containers. The normal requirement for a sterilizing agent is speed and safety. In such an instance a dosage of 20 g per 1000 litres will be applicable.

5 Chloramine-T (n-chloro-para-toluene sulfonamide sodium salt) is a excellent choice for the control and elimination of bacterial gill disease, body fungi and bacterial infections. It has some effect on Flukes in clean water conditions such as hospital tanks and quarentine tanks. N-chloro tosylamide sodium salt, sold as chloramine-t, is a N-chlorinated and N-deprotonated sulfonamide used as a biocide and a mild disinfectant. Chloramine-T functions by slowly breaking down to hypochlorous acid, with the release of oxygen and chlorine. The active ingredient is p-toluene sulfonamide. Safe when dosed correctly. Bio-filtration MUST be bypassed during dosing. For ornamental pond use ONLY, can not be used on food fish. As with most treatments, it is advisable to by-pass the filter during treatments, although nitrifying bacteria seem to be fairly tolerant of of this treatment. However it is a wise precaution to turn the filter off for 3-4 hours while treatments are in progress. When using Do not allow it to come into contact with metal surfaces as toxic compounds can be formed. You should also wear a particle mask and goggles when handling to prevent injury to skin or eyes. It should NOT be used as a high dose dip. Its chemical action will cause serious damage to fish. Turn off any UV lamps when using any pond or tank treatments, and add extra aeration during treatment.

6 The breakdown of chloramine T is speeded up in sunlight, so treatments are best carried out evenings or on cloudy days. Toxicity is greatly increased in soft acidic water-only use the low does. Aerate the water vigorously during treatment. Ponds should be cleaned and vacuumed prior to treatment in order to reduce free organics that would affect treatment efficacy. Note: Water hardness, ph and temperature need to be considered when calculating a dosage for chloramine T; hard water and high ph is associated with a wider margin of safety Treatment Procedure: Dissolve the appropriate amount of Chloramine-T in a plastic container of deionized water, making sure it is well mixed. Then disperse evenly over a large are of the pond surface so that spots of high concentration are avoided. After 4 hours, perform a 25-50% partial water change. Be sure to add dechlorinator to the new water. Repeat treatment every 1-2 days for up to 4 times if needed. For treatment of an individual koi, remove it from the pond and place it into a large plastic container of pond water. Use an air stone and pump to provide adequate aeration. Add the appropriate amount of chemical to the water and mix thoroughly. After 4 hours, remove the fish and return it to the pond. Repeat every 1-2 days for up to 4 times. From Advanced Koi Care by Nicholas Saint-Erne, DVM See also NOTE 4

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