Empowering Citizens through Open APIs. Digital India Case Study

Transcription

1 Empowering Citizens through Open APIs Digital India Case Study

2 India One of the Oldest Civilization Spiritual Center of the World Culmination of diverse cultures 1.25 Billion 29 States and 7 Union Territories 122 major languages 1599 Dialects 7th Largest Land Area and thriving Democracy

3 Identity a Challenge What is Identity How to Authenticate Instant Authentication Universally Acceptable Auditable Adaptable Secure Accessible Non-Repudiable

4 System that was X Knows Y, Y Knows Z, Thus X Knows Z Identity based in Community Word of a Village Head Identity based on Landmark Identity by Birth Identity is lost once you migrate

5 AADHAAR - Identity as a Service Unique Identity to 1.2 Billion People Anytime Anywhere Verifiable Non - Repudiable Identity devoid of any Caste or Religion Marker Usable by any Delivery Systems for Authentication 12 Digital Number - Random with Checksum

6 AADHAAR - Identity as a Service Domain Agnostic Minimal Information Biometrics essential for De- Duplication De-Duplication based on 1:N match Authentication 1:1 match Authentication API to Authenticate ekyc API returns Citizen Demographic Name, Address, DoB, Gender, *, Phone*

7 Empowerment Through Identity Government programs NREGA attendance PDS food purchase Postal service Security Healthcare, education, etc Authenticates against Aadhaar 3647 XXXX 6218 Authentication API integration establishes Identity Public, Private sector Oil & Gas, utilities distribution MFIs & credit bureaus credit verification KYC banks, insurance, telcos Access control, etc Financial inclusion Banking transactions through microatms Govt to Beneficiary, Customer to Customer micro payments, etc

8 The Transformation Teledensity Wireless Wireline Total Overall Tele-density*(%) Urban Tele-density*(%) Rural Tele-density*(%) Connectivity Wireless Wireline Total 1, Total Telephone Subscribers (Million) , Public Sector Bank Regional Rural Bank Private Banks Total Jan Dhan: Bringing Banking to all citizens $10 Billion deposited 1.18 Billion and counting Urban Telephone Subscribers (Million) Rural Telephone Subscribers (Million) Total Beneficiaries (millions) Beneficiaries at rural/semi-urban centre bank branches Beneficiaries at urban/metro centre bank branches No. of RuPay cards issued to beneficiaries

9 The Impact Direct Benefit Transfers More than $10 Billion in savings in current Financial Year Assurance and Accountability Minimizing Leakages Inclusions and Exclusions Citizen Empowerment Provides ability to do Cashless Transaction Availability of Benefits not location based anymore Mobility of Urban Workforce with sustained benefits Beneficiary base rose from mill. in to mill. in Bogus Beneficiaries identified and removed, for eg >20 Mill Beneficiary removed for Public Distribution System last Year

10 Aadhaar and Financial Inclusion The Payment Challenges Logistics of Debit and Credit Cards, PIN Financial Literacy Payment Infrastructure to Use the cards Cost of the Card based Payment process - to Merchants and to Banks Future of Payments in India No need of any debit or credit card Need not have any smartphone to pay, unlike UPI apps None to remember PINs or passwords to make payment, as fingerprints will do the work Aadhaar Pay: skipping two generations of Payment Systems

11 Towards Proactive Governance For Government Building Proactive Processes Effective Monitoring Ensuring Social Benefits reach last mile ReOrganizing Schemes through Social Intelligence Implementation of Success Matrix and Citizen Satisfaction Index For Society Better Human Development Parameters Measurable and Targeted Social Benefit Delivery Society no longer a Crowd; Each and every citizen becomes important For Citizens Bringing People from Informal Economy to Formal Economy Improving Living Standards for All Empowering through IT Auto Inclusion

12 The Digital India Vision Digital Literacy Programs Digital Assistance Localization Targeted Empowerment Programs - e.g.. Framer community etc Digital Literacy Infrastructure Electronic Delivery of Service Identity Infrastructure Broad Band Internet Access Mobile Connectivity Formal Banking Citizen Service Points Service Delivery Enablement Government Process Reengineering SLAs for Service Delivery Workflow Automation Looks Simple but challenging in India

13 How it Works Aadhaar Holders Authentication Devices Authentication User Agency (AUA) Residents who have obtained their Aadhaar number Point of initiation of Aadhaar authentication transaction e.g., PCs, kiosks, handheld devices etc Agency that uses Aadhaar authentication to enable its services Authentication Request Aadhaar Holder 7 Authentication Devices 6 AUA 5 ASA Yes / No Response UIDAI s CIDR Service Delivery Necessary Updates & Confirmation Authentication Service Agency (ASA) Unique Identification Authority of India Sub Auth. User Agency (Sub AUA) Agency that has secured leased line connectivity with CIDR Offers online authentication Agencies that access Aadhaar authentication through an existing AUA

14 Aadhaar Authentication API - Simplicity <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?> <Auth uid= tid= ac= sa= ver= txn= lk= > <Tkn type= num= /> <Meta udc= fdc= idc= pip= lot= G P lov= /> <Skey ci= ki= >encrypted and encoded session key</skey> <Uses pi= pa= pfa= bio= bt= pin= otp= /> <Data> <Pid ts= ver= > <Demo lang= > <Pi ms= E P mv= name= lname= lmv= gender= M F T dob= dobt= V D A age= phone= = /> <Pa ms= E co= house= street= lm= loc= vtc= subdist= dist= state= pc= po= /> <Pfa ms= E P mv= av= lav= lmv= /> </Demo> <Bios> <Bio type= FMR FIR IIR posh= >encoded biometric</bio> </Bios> <Pv otp= pin= /> </Pid> </Data> <Hmac>SHA-256 Hash of Pid XML, encrypted and then encoded</hmac> <Signature>Digital signature of AUA</Signature> </Auth> Matching is 1:1 with Aadhaar (UID) Uses Demographic/ Biometric/ OTP Auth factors Option of Sending Finger Print or IRIS for Biometric match

15 Proactive Governance with Open Data Proactive Governance Identity ensures Targeted Delivery Open Data ensures Identification of the Issues and better Scheme planning and Management Right Social Schemes should be in place to resolutions of Issues Connectivity ensures timely delivery of services Together it can be Proactive Delivery of Services

16 Proactive Governance with Open Data - Use Case District based health parameters available as a part of Open Data Aadhaar Seeding has been in progress for all PDS beneficiary

17 Proactive Governance with Open Data - Use Case Identity helps monitoring of Health indicators over lifetime and effectiveness of Public Distribution System Anaemic Symptoms Iodine Deficiency Fair Price Shops FP Shop: Beneficiaries: 209 FP Shop: Beneficiaries: 310 Distribution Plan Nov 2017: Rule applied Anaemic Rule applied Iodine Allocation Iodized Salt: 100 X 500 gms Beans: 400 Kgs Rice: 1000 Kgs Pulses: 1000 Kgs

18 Thank You