Technological and Non- Technological Trends in the Geospatial Sector

Transcription

1 1/5 Technological and Non- Technological Trends in the Geospatial Sector Danny Vandenbroucke SADL/KU Leuven

2 Outline 2/5 GIS: System Integration Integration of GIS with other applications GIS and e-government GIS and the World Wide Web SOA and Grid Computing The use of network and spatial data services Proprietary Systems and FOSS4G Do we have to make a choice and if so, how? Business models for FOSS4G

3 Outline 3/5 GIS: System Integration Integration of GIS with other applications GIS and e-government GIS and the World Wide Web SOA and Grid Computing The use of network and spatial data services Proprietary Systems and FOSS4G Do we have to make a choice and if so, how? Business models for FOSS4G

4 System Integration 4/5 Often systems exist in organisation as separate silo s Even GIS applications often exist on their own Even less are GIS applications integrated within the overall ICT environment and its applications A permit system using an Oracle database developed with PowerBuilder software can communicate with a.net based tax system to determine first if a permit applicant has paid their tax bill, then if the property is within a certain distance of a floodplain or wetland, which would in turn determine the permit process and fees.

5 System Integration 5/5 By integrating with traditional IT, existing workflows and backend systems, we ensure GI will add value to the system E.g. integrate with SAP systems (accountancy) GIS can even become the backbone of all the information treated in one organisation E.g. City of Leuven

6 System Integration 6/5 Why an integrated GIS? Integration of data: Information available in a centralised database Decentralised data management: collect only once principle Correct and unambiguous overview for all users Integration between applications: Different processes connected to e.g. one parcel Integration of separate departments tasks Backoffice for e-government, central frontoffice, Every task is performed from within Galileo

7 System Integration 7/5 an integrated GIS approach for a public authority Developed by Leuven on GE Smallworld basis In operation since 2000 Multi-user, multi-services Assets management tool Authorization a theme, an object, a role or a user

8 System Integration 8/5 Which products are we talking about? (1/2) Adresses up to the level of apartments incl. position of entrances (Sub)functions and subdivisions of all buildings All kinds of licences associated with buildings, parcels, zones, All kinds of rules, destinations, constraints, subsidies, associated with buildings, parcels, zones, Information about inhabitants, owners, businesses, factories, related to buildings, parcels and adresses All public green elements from plants to parcs, to woods and their maintenance All kinds of maintenance and expansion of the municipal sewer infrastructure and watercourses

9 System Integration 9/5 Which products are we talking about? (2/2) Information on criminal facts related to any location within the municipal boundary Maintenance of road signs and trafic planning Maintenance and complaints of all public road and green infrastructure Administration and analysis related to road accidents Maintenance and certification of all kinds of playgrounds and their infrastructure Maintenance of fire-hydrants and routing to a disaster place Information for taxation of all kinds of objects All kinds of maps for organisation and planning of public events,

10 System Integration 10/5 Key strong points: final organization Town clerk Services in staff GIS-cell ad hoc queries GIS support Technical services & Urban planning Fire-brigade Environmental & public gardens Police dept. Social services Support services applicationmanagers users applicationmanager users applicationmanagers users applicationmanager users applicationmanagers users Intranet / internet Population affairs dept. Financial dept.

11 Euro System Integration 11/5 Key strong points: reporting costs benefits HW, SW, consulting, internal and external staff Benefits: gain in time, planning efficiency, less field survey, higher production, less data maintenance Cumulated costs benefits Leuven benefits total cost total cost w ithout conversion year

12 System Integration 12/5 Key strong points: monitoring users Intranet sessions Intranet population affairs Intranet other services jan/06 mrt/06 mei/06 jul/06 sep/06 nov/06 jan/07 mrt/07 mei/07 jul/07 sep/07 nov/07 jan/08 mrt/08 mei/08 jul/08 sep/08 nov/08

13 System Integration 13/5 Key strong points: Hierarchical structure: User Application manager GIS cell ( Smallworld support) Continual care for quality of data: structured data quality checks Special attention for authorisation and security SDI has to support day to day tasks of all municipal services: Data update as a result of the normal workflow SDI has to optimize processes and workflows G@lileo is a tool to support general management and to deliver better services to the public

14 System Integration 14/5 P1 P Data unambiguous registry in dataplatform Processes Information and analysis to support management, municipal services and services to external clients. Analysis layer Structured, integrated and consolidated delivery of information Data unambiguous registry in dataplatform Authentic DB Authentic DB Dataplatform GIS (central database) Authentic DB Authentic DB

15 Outline 15/5 GIS: System Integration Integration of GIS with other applications GIS and e-government GIS and the World Wide Web SOA and Grid Computing The use of network and spatial data services Proprietary Systems and FOSS4G Do we have to make a choice and if so, how? Business models for FOSS4G

16 SOA and Grid computing 16/5 Client Server Architecture Server serves the client Providing bits of information (first processing or processing by client) Typical three tier architecture Presentation tier Contains user interface Application logic tier Model & process GIS data Storage tier Databases that store GIS data

17 SOA and Grid computing 17/5 A typical client-server architecture Client Middle Ware Server Web Browser Spatial request Internet HTML,Image,Map.. Web Server Internet Map Server (IMS) Thick or thin client GIS software GIS database

18 SOA and Grid computing 18/5 Distributed Architecture Both data and processing components are distributed The client and server do not refer to a specific machine Geodata anywhere, Geoprocessing anywhere model Distributed object architectures Microsoft's Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) Java Remote Method Invocation (Java RMI)

19 19/5 According to Dario de Judicibus, Web 2.0 is a knowledge-oriented environment where Human interactions generate content that is published, managed and used through Network applications in a service-oriented architecture.

20 SOA and Grid computing 20/5 Web 2.0/3.0 Web 2.0 (Collaboration) and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) have come together recently. Web 2.0 facilitates collaboration. SOA enables the infrastructure for flexibility. Web 3.0 (Semantic or Data Web) enables mashups to create Web applications, integrated Web experiences, and expanded customer value networks.

21 SOA and Grid computing 21/5 Web 2.0 Content Services: Blog content, web surveys, photo sharing, video sharing, social networking sites, locations, and maps.

22 SOA and Grid computing 22/5 Web 2.0/3.0

23 SOA and Grid computing 23/5 Web 2.0/3.0 The first stage, Web 1.0, was about connecting information and getting on the net. Web 2.0 is about connecting people putting the I in user interface, and the we into a web of social participation. The next stage, Web 3.0, is starting now. It is about representing meanings, connecting knowledge, and putting them to work in ways that make our experience of internet more relevant, useful, and enjoyable. Web 4.0 will come later. It is about connecting intelligences in a ubiquitous web where both people and things can reason and communicate together.

24 SOA and Grid computing 24/5 Service-oriented architecture (SOA) Method for systems development and integration where functionality is grouped around business processes and packaged as interoperable services. SOA also describes IT infrastructure which allows different applications to exchange data with one another as they participate in business processes. The aim is a loose coupling of services with operating systems, programming languages and other technologies which underlie applications. Source: Wikipedia

25 SOA and Grid computing 25/5 SOA Separates functions into distinct units, or services, which are made accessible over a network in order that they can be combined and reused in the production of business applications. These services communicate with each other by passing data from one service to another or by coordinating an activity between two or more services. Source: Wikipedia

26 SOA and Grid computing 26/5 WOA - Web Oriented Architecture Is an architectural style that is a substyle of SOA based on the architecture of the World Wide Web. The only real difference between traditional SOA and the concept of WOA is that WOA advocates REST, an increasingly popular, powerful, and simple method of leveraging HTTP as a Web service in its own right. ZapThink believes that the term Web-Oriented SOA represents greater clarity than WOA, since it disambiguates the desire to position WOA as an alternative to SOA as well as more accurately positions the concept at a lower level of abstraction than the SOA concept. Source: Zapthink

27 SOA and Grid computing 27/5 Web services Are described by Web Services Description Language (WSDL) Discovered through Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) service registry Communicated by the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)

28 SOA and Grid computing 28/5 Grid Computing Is the combination of computer resources from multiple administrative domains applied to a common task, usually to a scientific, technical or business problem that requires a great number of computer processing cycles or the need to process large amounts of data.

29 SOA and Grid computing 29/5

30 SOA and Grid computing 30/5 Grid computing and Spatial Data Infrastructures Question: how many computers Are used by Googly Earth/maps?

31 Outline 31/5 GIS: System Integration Integration of GIS with other applications GIS and e-government GIS and the World Wide Web SOA and Grid Computing The use of network and spatial data services Proprietary Systems and FOSS4G Do we have to make a choice and if so, how? Business models for FOSS4G

32 Proprietary software and FOSS4G 32/5 What is the difference? Proprietary GIS software FOSS4G Open Source Software (OSS) is technically defined as software whose source code is available to the public, or open. OSS differs from proprietary software in that it is accessible to everyone, does not usually require a fee to use, and may be altered and redistributed by anyone as long as they redistribute it under the same terms. CASCADOSS

33 Proprietary software and FOSS4G 33/5 Desktop GIS Software Proprietary Software ArcGIS Desktop (ESRI) Envision (Autodesk) MapInfo Professional Smallworld, Intergraph, STAR-APIC,... Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) GRASS, ILWIS Q-GIS gvsig

34 Proprietary software and FOSS4G 34/5 Web GIS is a Geographic Information System distributed across a networked computer environment to integrate, disseminate, and communicate geographic information visually on the World Wide Web over the Internet. [Gillavry, 2000] Disseminate geospatial data and processing tools Possible to Process geo-related information with no location restrictions.

35 Proprietary software and FOSS4G 35/5 Web GIS Client-Server Architecture Distributed Architecture Web GIS Architecture

36 Proprietary software and FOSS4G 36/5 Allow users to access spatial data via a web browser interface Interact with web server and spatial database Proprietary software - MapObjects IMS (ESRI) - ArcIMS (ESRI) - MapGuide (Autodesk) FOSS software - Minnesota Map Server - Open-GIS Multiviewer - GIS Viewer IMS Software

37 CASCADOSS 37/5 Evaluating FOSS4G

38 38/5 GIS/RS inventory General Interest: 11/ 3 Development libraries: 21/ 8 GIS Libraries: 15 Remote Sensing Libraries: 6 Database Management Systems: 3/ 0 Desktop Applications: 44/ 28 GIS Applications: 30 Remote Sensing Applications: 11 Metadata Editors: 3 Server Applications: 15/ 12 Web Services: 4 Web Tools: 11

39 39/5 Desktop Applications GIS applications GIS applications are end-user applications with functionality specific to the GIS realm. Minimum functional requirements: GIS applications must allow for capturing, storing, analyzing and/or managing data and associated attributes that are spatially referenced. Remote sensing applications RS applications are end-user applications with functionality specific to the Remote Sensing / Earth observation realm. Minimum functional requirements: an RS application must be able to create and edit geospatial raster data. Applying modelling techniques to raster data is an asset.

40 40/5 Desktop Applications Type GIS/RS app, GIS app, RS app, Metadata editors Marketing potential Software Collaboration Maturity of the Strength of Legal/Licence Market Share with other project Community issues projects Total maximum score GRASS 15,0 14,3 12,0 9,0 9,0 59,3 OSSIM 11,7 9,0 12,0 9,0 9,0 50,7 OpenEV 10,7 9,4 12,0 9,0 9,0 50,1 gvsig 12,8 9,0 10,0 9,0 9,0 49,8 Saga GIS 11,3 5,6 10,0 9,0 9,0 44,9 FMaps 3,6 0,8 4,0 9,0 0,0 17,4 QuantumGIS 14,0 11,6 12,0 9,0 9,0 55,6 Thuban 14,0 13,1 10,0 9,0 9,0 55,1 OpenMap 14,0 11,1 7,9 6,0 9,0 48,0 udig 12,5 5,8 6,0 9,0 9,0 42,3 JUMP 10,5 6,8 0,0 9,0 9,0 35,3 Kosmo 6,8 3,0 2,0 9,0 9,0 29,8 Octave 11,7 15,0 12,0 9,0 9,0 56,7 ILWIS 6,7 12,0 6,0 9,0 9,0 42,7 RAT 9,8 4,1 10,0 9,0 0,0 32,9 ISIS 6,2 6,8 4,0 6,0 0,0 23,0 IVICS 4,0 4,5 0,0 9,0 0,0 17,5 GeoNetwork OS 14 13, ,88 CatMDEdit 4,5 10, ISO Metadata Editor 3 8, ,25

41 41/5 Desktop Applications Type GIS/RS app, GIS app, RS app, Metadata editors Technical Potential Software Functionality Reliability Usability Efficiency Maintainability Portability Total maximum score GRASS 11,7 4,2 8,2 6,9 7,4 8,4 46,9 gvsig 8,8 4,2 5,6 7,9 6,4 6,9 39,8 OSSIM 8,6 3,6 5,0 6,4 6,7 6,4 36,7 SAGA GIS 5,6 1,8 5,4 6,9 5,6 5,1 30,4 OpenEV 4,7 1,2 4,3 5,8 4,5 6,6 27,1 FMaps 1,9 3,0 1,5 6,4 1,2 1,9 15,8 QuantumGIS 8,6 3,3 7,4 7,5 7,2 6,7 40,8 udig 5,4 1,5 7,1 5,6 4,6 6,4 30,6 Thuban 6,4 2,4 4,7 6,8 4,0 6,0 30,2 Kosmo 8,1 0,6 4,4 5,4 6,0 4,1 28,6 JUMP 4,2 1,4 3,7 5,4 4,9 6,0 25,6 OpenMap 5,7 3,2 3,5 4,5 4,2 4,2 25,4 ILWIS 5,8 1,8 6,4 6,4 3,9 3,8 28,0 ISIS 3,3 3,0 4,9 4,1 7,8 3,6 26,7 Octave 3,1 1,8 3,4 3,6 5,4 6,2 23,4 RAT 3,0 1,2 3,0 4,7 5,6 5,1 22,6 IVICS 2,2 3,6 2,1 6,4 2,2 5,8 22,3 GeoNetwork OS 8,8 1,1 6,1 3,7 4,2 6,0 29,8 CatMDEdit 5,8 0,8 3,4 3,9 2,8 4,9 21,7 ISO Metadata Editor 4,5 0,6 3,4 3,4 1,3 4,6 17,7

42 42/5 Desktop Applications Type GIS/RS app, GIS app, RS app, Metadata editors Economical Potential Software Cost of Cost of Cost of installation migration operation Total maximum score penev 24,0 5,9 10,8 40,7 GRASS 24,0 7,1 9,0 40,1 OSSIM 24,0 5,9 7,2 37,1 gvsig 24,0 5,9 7,2 37,1 SAGA GIS 24,0 4,8 7,2 36,0 FMaps 18,0 4,8 5,4 28,2 QuantumGIS 24,0 14,0 12,6 50,6 JUMP 24,0 15,0 10,8 49,8 Thuban 24,0 13,0 10,8 47,8 OpenMap 24,0 13,0 10,8 47,8 Kosmo 24,0 9,1 10,8 43,9 udig 24,0 13,0 5,4 42,4 RAT 24,0 4,8 10,8 39,6 ILWIS 24,0 4,8 7,2 36,0 Octave 24,0 4,8 5,4 34,2 IVICS 18,0 3,6 9,0 30,6 ISIS 18,0 3,6 5,4 27,0 CatMDEdit 24,0 11,5 10,8 46,3 ISO Metadata Editor 24,0 10,0 10,8 44,8 GeoNetwork OS 24,0 12,7 7,2 43,9

43 GRASS 43/5

44 QGIS 44/5

45 ILWIS 45/5

46 GeoNetwork OS 46/5

47 Development Libraries 47/5 GIS libraries GIS libraries are compiled collections of subprograms or procedures specific to the GIS field. Minimum functional requirements: A GIS library must contain data capturing, management or analysis functions applicable to GIS datasets. Remote sensing libraries RS libraries are compiled collections of subprograms or procedures specific to the Remote Sensing / Earth observation field. Minimum functional requirements: A RS library must contain data management or analysis functions applicable to RS datasets.

48 Development Libraries 48/5 Type GIS library RS library Marketing potential Software Collaboration Maturity of the Strength of Legal/Licence Market Share with other project Community issues projects Total maximum score GDAL/OGR 12,3 14,3 12,0 9,0 9,0 56,6 Proj.4 11,3 9,8 8,0 9,0 9,0 47,1 GDAL/OGR 12,3 14,3 12,0 9,0 9,0 56,6 Proj.4 11,3 9,8 8,0 9,0 9,0 47,1 ORFEO 6,2 5,6 8,0 6,0 9,0 34,8 GSF 5,5 5,6 0,0 9,0 0,0 20,1 IVICS 4,0 4,5 0,0 9,0 0,0 17,5 tclsadie 4,5 0,8 0,0 9,0 0,0 14,3 Type GIS library RS library Technical potential Software Functionality Reliability Usability Efficiency Maintainability Portability Total maximum score GDAL/OGR 6,0 3,6 2,6 6,4 3,0 5,4 27,0 Proj.4 3,9 3,6 3,1 5,8 3,4 6,0 25,8 GDAL/OGR 6 3,6 2,6 6,38 2,97 5,44 26,99 Proj.4 3,9 3,6 3,06 5,81 3,4 6 25,77 IVICS 2,2 3,6 2,14 6,38 2,21 5,81 22,34 GSF 1,6 3,6 2,52 6,38 2,21 5,25 21,55 ORFEO 2,9 0 1,37 5,25 5,35 5,06 19,94 tclsadie 2,5 0,6 1,68 5,81 3,05 5,06 18,71

49 Development Libraries 49/5 Type GIS library RS library Economical potential Software Cost of Cost of Cost of installation migration operation Total maximum score GDAL/OGR 24,0 7,1 10,8 41,9 Proj.4 24,0 5,9 9,0 38,9 GDAL/OGR 24 7,13 10,8 41,93 tclsadie 24 4,75 10,8 39,55 Proj , ,94 IVICS 18 3, ,56 GSF 12 3, ,56 ORFEO 12 4,75 3,6 20,35

50 Server Applications 50/5 Web services & Web tools Application software for setting up Web Services. Minimum functional requirements: Web services application software must support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network, or allow data to be served over a network in a common format, preferably following open standards.

51 Server Applications 51/5 Type Web Services Web Tools Marketing potential Software Collaboration Maturity of the Strength of Legal/Licence Market Share with other project Community issues projects Total maximum score MapServer 15,0 15,0 12,0 9,0 9,0 60,0 GeoServer 14,0 13,9 12,0 9,0 9,0 57,9 MapGuideOS 15,0 12,0 6,0 9,0 9,0 51,0 Deegree 14,0 12,8 6,0 9,0 9,0 50,8 OpenLayers 14,0 15,0 12,0 9,0 9,0 59,0 Mapbuilder 14,0 14,3 12,0 9,0 9,0 58,2 Mapbender 14,0 14,4 10,1 9,0 9,0 56,4 Chameleon 14,1 12,6 8,4 6,0 9,0 50,1 CartoWeb 12,6 9,9 8,2 9,0 9,0 48,7 ka-map 14,1 13,8 5,8 5,9 9,0 48,6 kvwmap 7,7 7,2 6,0 9,0 9,0 38,9 FlashMapping 7,7 6,2 6,0 5,9 0,0 25,7

52 Server Applications 52/5 Type Web Services Web Tools Technical potential Software Functionality Reliability Usability Efficiency Maintainability Portability Total maximum score MapServer 15,0 9,0 9,0 9,0 6,0 9,0 57,0 Deegree 13,2 3,3 6,0 8,1 8,0 7,9 46,4 MapGuideOS 11,9 4,6 6,9 8,4 6,7 6,5 45,1 GeoServer 11,4 3,8 7,9 7,5 6,1 7,1 43,8 Mapbender 14,4 6,9 6,1 5,3 4,8 4,8 42,3 Mapbuilder 13,1 5,6 6,7 5,7 5,6 5,6 42,1 Chameleon 11,3 3,2 7,9 5,7 6,8 6,8 41,5 CartoWeb 11,1 5,1 6,3 4,8 6,0 6,0 39,4 OpenLayers 9,3 3,6 4,8 7,5 6,2 6,9 38,3 kvwmap 13,2 4,0 7,2 5,6 3,7 3,7 37,3 ka-map 12,6 4,1 5,9 5,8 3,9 3,9 36,1 FlashMapping 8,9 1,9 4,0 3,9 2,5 2,5 23,6

53 Server Applications 53/5 Economical potential Cost of Cost of Cost of Software Type installation migration operation Total maximum score MapServer 24,0 18,0 12,0 54,0 Web Services GeoServer 24,0 14,0 7,2 45,2 MapGuideOS 18,0 15,1 5,4 38,5 Deegree 6,0 11,0 1,8 18,8 FlashMapping 36,0 13,0 10,8 59,8 Chameleon 24,0 13,1 5,4 42,5 CartoWeb 24,0 12,6 5,4 42,0 Web Tools Mapbuilder 24,0 13,9 0,0 37,9 Mapbender 18,0 12,6 1,8 32,4 kvwmap 12,0 13,1 1,8 26,9 ka-map 12,0 12,8 1,8 26,6 OpenLayers 12,0 9,9 1,8 23,7

54 MapServer 54/5

55 Mapbender 55/5

56 Summary 56/5 System Integration is key in order to avoid applications that act as silo s There is a trend to work with a distributed architecture, mostly through the web A Service Oriented Architecture, eventually supported by Grid computing, is making this possible A combined approach of proprietary and FOSS4G solutions is within each ones reach

57 57/5 Thank you Questions or remarks?