The Bridge and Wind Engineering Teacher Workshop

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1 The Bridge and Wind Engineering Teacher Workshop Prepared by Arindam Gan Chowdhury (FIU IHRC and CEE) Click to OPEN Presented by Jimmy Erwin July 26, 2016

2 BUILDING CODES FOR SOUTH FLORIDA South Florida Building Code, with its hurricane mitigation provisions, was implemented in September of 1994 to address the weaknesses associated with the building envelope that became evident with Hurricane Andrew. Three main areas of weakness: roof systems, roof sheathing attachment, opening protection.

3 POST HURRICANE WILMA ASSESSMENT

4 POST HURRICANE WILMA ASSESSMENT Channeling effect of the wind created an isolated path of glazing damage to some high rise buildings in the Brickell area.

5 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

6 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

7 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

8 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

9 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

10 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

11 LONG SPAN BRIDGE AND WIND EFFECTS

12 TRAFFIC INFRASTRUCTURE WIND EFFECTS

13 TRAFFIC INFRASTRUCTURE WIND EFFECTS

14 WIND EFFECTS SIMULATION

15 WIND EFFECTS SIMULATION

16 WIND EFFECTS SIMULATION

17 WALL OF WIND DEVELOPMENT 2-FAN WOW RENRE 6-FAN WOW 12-FAN WOW IHRC is created 2012

18 12-FAN WOW INAUGURATION

19 WOW TESTING ON FRP CONNECTIONS Roof-to-Wall Connection Study (NSF Funded) New Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Roof-to-wall connections instrumented to measure aerodynamic load distribution

20 Vortex Induced Scouring at Roof Corner WOW AERODYNAMIC MITIGATION TESTING Conventional flat roof Flat roof with AeroEdge (from WPC Inc.)

21 WOW AERODYNAMIC MITIGATION TESTING WOW Test-Based Recommendations were Published in the 2010 Florida Building Code Wind Load Mitigation on Rooftop Equipment Porous screens around the equipment reduced wind loads on the equipment by up to 58%

22 12-FAN WOW RESEARCH PROJECTS FIU 12-fan WOW: Largest, most powerful university research facility for simulating a Cat. 5 hurricane.

23 12-FAN WOW FLOW MANAGEMENT

24 12-FAN WOW TEST OF TRANSITIONAL SHELTER mph mph T-Shelter 1 Weak Construction Start wind speed: 55 mph Failed at 75 mph/90 deg T-Shelter 3 Reinforced Construction / Reinforced base platform Start wind speed: 85 mph Failed at 110 mph/0 deg Transitional Shelter testing for USAID/OFDA, comparison between weak and reinforced construction

25 12-FAN WOW WIND DRIVEN RAIN INTRUSION Exterior & Interior Damage Interior & Content Damage Interior damage vulnerability models are mostly based on engineering judgments Goal: To develop test-based vulnerability model for total interior damage

26 12-FAN WOW WIND DRIVEN RAIN INTRUSION Surface Runoff Rainwater (SRC) Direct Impinging Raindrops (RAF) Path: Building envelope defect, opening, or breach Mechanism: Direct impinging raindrops or surface runoff Driving force: Wind action Total rainwater intrusion: h tot = h DI + h SR

27 12-FAN WOW WIND DRIVEN RAIN (WDR) TEST Wind-Driven Rain Deposition Tests

28 12-FAN WOW SURFACE RUNOFF COEFF. (SRC) Leeward gable roof was exposed to significant accumulation of surface runoff 0

29 12-FAN WOW SURFACE RUNOFF

30 12-FAN WOW FULL-SCALE WDR VALIDATION

31 12-FAN WOW TESTING OF ROOF PAVERS

32 12-FAN WOW TESTING OF ROOF PAVERS

33 12-FAN WOW TESTING OF ROOF PAVERS Effect of Pressure Tap Layout on External Cp mean (h p /H= 0.05 and G/H s = 0.25)

34 12-FAN WOW TESTING OF ROOF PAVERS

35 12-FAN WOW FULL-SCALE ROOF TILE TESTING

36 12-FAN WOW FULL-SCALE ROOF TILE TESTING TILE -T5 TILE -T9 TILE -T11 AOA = 150 o AOA = 60 o AOA = 0 o

37 12-FAN WOW TILE ATTACHMENTS TESTING

38 12-FAN WOW SUPERTILE (PATENT FILED) APPLICATIONS: The system is light, strong, wind-water-debris resistant, applicable to new construction and for upgrading roof systems of existing buildings.

39 12-FAN WOW STANDING SEAM METAL ROOF Vertical-Leg Standing Seam Roof Trapezoidal Standing Seam Roof

40 12-FAN WOW STANDING SEAM METAL ROOF Peak Pressure Coefficient, C p,peak Comparison

41 12-FAN WOW STANDING SEAM METAL ROOF

42 12-FAN WOW VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGN New drag coefficients to be incorporated in AASHTO to facilitate economic design Significant reduction in drag achieved by simple corner modifications (as much as 30% reduction in loading)

43 TRAFFIC INFRASTRUCTURE WIND EFFECTS

44 TRAFFIC INFRASTRUCTURE WIND EFFECTS

45 TRAFFIC INFRASTRUCTURE WIND EFFECTS Vortex generators

46 12-FAN WOW PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) TESTING

47 12-FAN WOW BOSCO VERTICALE, MILAN, ITALY

48 12-FAN WOW OUTREACH Wall of Wind (WOW) as a special interactive feature of a new exhibition at the National Building Museum in downtown Washington, D.C.

49 12-FAN WOW HIGH SCHOOL CHALLENGE

50 Thank you Questions?

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