INSULATION SECTION 15250

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1 INSULATION SECTION PART 1 GENERAL 1.1 DESCRIPTION A. Provide complete systems of insulation for piping, ducts, boiler stacks and breeching, and mechanical equipment as specified. B. Related work specified elsewhere: This section does not include acoustic or thermal duct liner where indicated on the drawings to be applied to the interior side of ductwork or plenums. See SECTION 15880, "DUCTWORK". C. The intent of these Specifications is that all hot and chilled equipment, piping and other items noted be insulated. The Contractor shall carefully advise himself of the extent of all the factory insulated packaged equipment where piping and miscellaneous parts will be furnished without insulation. Provide insulation as required for all packaged equipment requiring insulation, whether furnished with equipment or not. D. Ducts, Plenums, and Casings: 1. Insulate heating, supply ducts, from the furnace to the room outlets. Insulate flexible runouts, plenums, casings, and air handlers. Install rigid insulation on exposed ducts in interior and outside locations. Use flexible blanket insulation on concealed interior ducts and on exposed round or oval ducts. Insulation shall be continuous through walls and floors except at fire dampers. E. Non-insulated Piping: 1. Vent, overflow, drain, and relief; except where noted otherwise. F. Non-Insulated Ductwork, Casings, Plenums, and Housings: 1. Where acoustic or thermal duct liner is indicated on the drawings. 2. Return Air Ductwork: Exposed in air-conditioned spaces, Above suspended ceiling in air-conditioned spaces, or in duct shafts. 3. Exhaust Ductwork.

2 G. Non-insulated Equipment: 1. Exhaust fans and fans handling unconditioned air. H. Definitions: 1. Finished Spaces: Habitation or occupancy spaces where surfaces are plastered, panelled, or otherwise treated to provide a pleasing appearance. 2. Unfinished Spaces: Storage or work areas where appearance is not a factor; unexcavated spaces, crawl spaces, etc. 3. Concealed Spaces: Spaces between a ceiling and floor construction above; between double walls or furred-in areas; pipe and duct shafts, etc. 4. Exposed: Open to view inside the building (including intersticial spaces). For example, pipe run through a room, and not covered by other construction, is exposed. 5. Outside or exterior: Open to view beyond the exterior side of walls; above the roof; unexcavated or crawl spaces, above or beneath pier floors; in tunnels or exposed on all sides in trenches connected or not connected to an exterior portion of a building. 1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Reference Standards: 1. ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials. a. B 209 Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate. b. C 195 Mineral Fiber Thermal Insulating Cement. c. C 449 Mineral Fiber Hydraulic-Setting Thermal Insulating and Finishing Cement. d. C 533 Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation. e. C 547 Mineral Fiber Preformed Pipe Insulation. f. C 553 Mineral Fiber Blanket and Felt Insulation (Industrial Type). g. C 612 Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation. 2. CCR California Code of Regulations, Title 24 a. Part 6, California Energy Code. b. Part 4, California Mechanical Code (CMC).

3 1.3 SUBMITTALS 3. Federal Specifications (Fed. Spec.): a. L-P-535E Plastic Sheet (Sheeting): Plastic Strip: Poly (Vinyl Chloride) and Poly (Vinyl Chloride-Vinyl Acetate), Rigid. b. L-T-80B Tape, Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive (Aluminum-Backed). c. HH-B-100B Barrier Material Vapor (For Pipe, Duct and Equipment Thermal, Insulation). d. HH-I-573B Insulation, Thermal, Flexible Unicellular Sheet and Pipe Covering. 4. UBC Uniform Building Code. a. Standard 42-1 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials. 5. UL Underwriters Laboratory, Inc. A. Product Data: 1. Submit manufacturer's data on the following: a. Insulation Materials. b. Jackets and casings. c. Adhesives. d. Fastening Devices. e. Vapor Barriers. f. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) shall be submitted for all insulation materials including adhesives, cements and finishing materials. g. Proof of California Quality Standards Certification. PART 2 PRODUCTS 2.1 MATERIALS A. Manufacturer's Stamp or Label: Every package or standard container of insulation, jackets, cements, adhesives, and coatings delivered to the project site for use must have the manufacturer's stamp or label attached giving name of manufacturer, brand, and description of material. Insulation packages and containers shall be marked "asbestos-free."

4 B. All insulation materials subject to regulation under CCR Title 24, Part 6, shall meet the requirements of Section 123 and 124, and Table 123-A, and shall be so certified. Submit proof of certification. C. Fire Resistance: Insulation, adhesives, vapor-barrier materials, and other accessories, except as specified herein, shall be noncombustible. Materials shall not have a flame-spread rating more than 25 and a smoke-developed rating not more than 50 in accordance with UBC Standard 42-1, except for flexible unicellular insulation which, in thickness greater than 1/2-inch, may have a smoke-developed rating not to exceed 100. D. Materials Tests: Test factory-applied materials assembled. Field-applied materials may be tested individually. UL label, or satisfactory certified test report from an approved testing laboratory, will be required to show that fire hazard ratings for materials proposed for use do not exceed those specified. Flame-proofing treatments subject to deterioration due to effects of moisture or high humidity are not acceptable. E. Piping Insulation: 1. Exterior surface of insulation shall be cleanable, grease resistant, nonflaking and nonpeeling. Pipe insulation shall conform with the referenced publications and the specified temperature ranges and densities in pounds per cubic foot (pcf). Insulation for fittings, flanges, and valves shall be premolded, precut, or job-fabricated insulation of the same thickness and conductivity as used on adjacent piping. 2. Mineral Fiber: ASTM C 547, for temperature range of 0 to 850 degrees F., preformed, jacketed, vapor barrier, with double adhesive self-sealing lap. Owens-Corning ASJ/SSL-II, Certain-Teed, or equal. 3. Flexible unicellular: Fed. Spec. HH-I-573B, for temperature range from -40 degrees to +180 degrees F. a. Use for refrigeration piping and elsewhere where specified. b. Minimum Density: 5.5 lbs./cu.ft. c. Thermal Conductivity: 0.28 K factor at 75 degree F. d. Rubatex, Armaflex, or equal. F. Ductwork, casings, housings, plenums, breeching and equipment insulation: Shall conform with the referenced publications. Temperature ranges and densities in pcf shall be as specified.

5 1. Fiberglass Duct Wrap: Fiberglass blanket with foil reinforced kraft (FRK) paper vapor barrier; 250 degrees F. maximum; 0.24 Btu/in/hr/sq.ft./degree F. at 75 degree F. mean temperature with 25% compression. Owens Corning Type ASW with FRK facing; Certain-Teed or equal. 2. Flexible Mineral-Fiber Blanket: ASTM C 553, Type I (flexible resilient), up to 1000 degrees F, 0.28 Btu/in/hr/sq.ft./degree F. at 100 degree F. mean temperature. Owens Corning TIW Type I; Certain-Teed or equal. 3. Rigid Mineral-Fiber: ASTM C 612, board type, to 450 degrees F, 3 pcf, foil reinforced kraft facing or all-service jacket facing. Owens Corning Type 703 with FRK jacket; Certain-Teed or equal. 4. Mineral Fiber Block: ASTM C 612, semi rigid, bonded fiberglass fibers, 850 degrees F. maximum; 3.0 pcf; 0.23 Btu/in/hr/sq.ft./degree F. at 75 degree F. mean temperature. Owens Corning Insul-Quick; Certain-Teed or equal. G. Insulation Jackets: 1. Vapor-Barrier Material: HH-B-100, Type I. Material shall be resistant to flame and moisture penetration and not support mold growth. Provide foil reinforced kraft facing in concealed locations. Provide vapor-barrier material all service jacket on insulation in exposed locations with a white surface suitable for painting without sizing. Lamtec 70JASJ or approved equal. 2. Aluminum Jackets: ASTM B 209, Temper H14, inch thick, smooth. Do not use on calcium silicate surfaces or surfaces above 200 degrees F operating temperature. Pabco-Childers Lock-On for straight piping and Pabco-Childers Sure-Fit for elbows, or approved equal. 3. Weatherproof: Aluminum jacket, ASTM B 209, minimum inch thick, moisture barrier adhered to inside face. Fabricate and install jacketing with a continuous modified Pittsburg Z-Lock on the longitudinal seam. Seal each butted section of jacketing with a butt strap containing high temperature sealant and secure with Childers Fabstrap, Pabco Pab-Band or approved equal. 4. PVC Jackets: (limited to indoor piping only). Fed. Spec. L-P-535, Composition A, Type II, Grade GU. One-piece premolded plastic covers for fittings, flanges, and valves. Zeston, Speedline, or approved equal. H. Removable/Reuseable Insulation: Shall be one or two piece design with silicone coated fiberglass cloth liners, minimum of 1/2-inch thick fiberglass insulation, and a weather barrier of teflon coated fiberglass. Sewing thread shall be teflon coated

6 fiberglass. Quilting pins shall be used to prevent shifting of insulation. Covers shall have rain flaps and straps with stainless steel double buckles or Velcro fasteners. Johnson Energy Products, Accessible Products Co., or approved equal. I. Adhesives, Sealants, and Compounds: Shall be compatible with materials to which applied and suitable for the service. 1. Vaporseal Adhesive: Spark-fas or approved equal, U.L. Label 2. Lagging Adhesive: Fosters or equal, U.L. Label 3. Insulation Cement: ASTM C 195, mineral fiber, thermal conductivity 0.85 max. at 200 degrees F mean when tested per ASTM C 177. Fibrex, Pabco, or approved equal. 4. Vapor Barrier Coating: Fosters Tite-fit 30-35, or approved equal, U.L. Label, (indoor only above 60 degrees F). 5. Adhesive for Flexible Unicellular insulation: Rubatex R-373, Armstrong 520 or approved equal. J. Accessories: 1. Staples: Corrosion-resistant outside-clinch type. Bostitch, Duo-Fast or approved equal. 2. Insulation Bands: 3/4-inch wide; inch stainless-steel or inch aluminum. Band-It, Houdaille, or approved equal. 3. Bands for Metal Jackets: 3/8-inch minimum width; inch stainless-steel or inch aluminum. Pabco-Childers or approved equal. 4. Wire: Minimum 16-gauge stainless steel or copper-clad annealed steel wire. 5. Anchor Pins: Anchor pins, clips and speed washers; AGM Industries, Accessible Products, or approved equal. 6. Glass Cloth and Tape: Childers No. 10, J.P. Stevens Glass-Tex, open weave, white color cloth; Childers VI-CRYL CP 10, Fosters Aquafas, Eco-Mastic 55-50, or approved equal, weatherproof Mastic. 7. Aluminum-Foil-Backed Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape: Fed. Spec. L-T-80, 50 degrees F max. and limited to use on insulation with

7 factory-applied jacket with aluminum foil facing. Venture Tape, Compac Corp. or approved equal. 8. Vapor-Barrier Material Tape: Fed. Spec. HH-B-100, Type I, pressure-sensitive adhesive backed, Lamtec 70JASJ, Ideal Tape Co. or equal. PART 3 EXECUTION 3.1 INSTALLATION/APPLICATION/ERECTOR A. General: 1. During the installation and when putting insulated systems into service, the contractor shall observe all instructions, recommendations, and Cautions issued or published by the insulation materials manufacturers. 2. Preparation: Do not apply insulation until surfaces to be covered have been leak tested, have had rust and scale removed, and have been cleaned, dried, and inspected. 3. Application: Insulation shall be clean and dry when installed and kept dry during finish application. Wetted insulation will not be approved for installation. Install materials neatly with smooth and even surfaces with jackets drawn tight and smoothly cemented down on longitudinal and end laps. Scrap pieces shall not be used where a full-length section will fit. All surface finishes shall be extended to protect all surfaces, ends, and raw edges of insulation. Coatings and adhesives shall be applied at the manufacturer's recommended coverage per gallon. 4. Name Plates and Access Plates: Do not insulate name plates or ASME labels. Bevel insulation around name plates and ASME stamps. 5. Calcium Silicate: Do not install on aluminum surfaces. B. Piping: 1. Provide insulation of thickness specified for the applicable temperature and service in accordance with California Energy Code. Installed insulation thickness shall exceed required code thickness by 10% (minimum). 2. Pipe Insulation (Except Flexible Unicellular): Install with joints tightly butted. Overlap longitudinal jacket laps not less than 1-1/2 inches. Wrap butt joints with 3-inch wide strips of the same material as jacket. Cement jacket laps and

8 butt strips with adhesive or bedding compound and joint sealer and additionally secure with flared staples on 4-inch centers outside clinched without complete penetration of insulation. A factory-applied self-sealing system may be used without staples unless fishmouths develop. 3. Where vapor barrier jacket on piping with liquid of less than 60 deg F is stapled or punctured, the jacket shall be brush-coated with vapor-barrier coating. Adhesive is not required on hot piping jackets when staples are used. 4. Finish for Outdoor Locations: Weatherproof aluminum jacket. 5. Flanges, Unions, Valves, and Fittings: Except where Flexible Unicellular is applied, use premolded, precut, or job-fabricated insulation of the same thickness and conductivity as used on adjacent piping. Provide fittings with one-piece insulation covers. When segments of insulation are used, provide elbows with not less than three segments. For other fittings and valves, cut segments to required curvature. Place and join the segments of the insulation with adhesive. After the segments are in place, apply vapor-barrier coating. Cover unions and flanges with removable sections of insulation vapor-barrier-sealed inside and out with adjacent insulation ends neatly finished and vapor-barrier-sealed. Where unions, flanges, and valves are specified not to be insulated, terminate the covering neatly at the ends with insulation cement trowelled on a bevel. Apply a vapor-barrier coating to the beveled ends. 6. Provide Removable/Reuseable type insulation for strainers, expansion joints, fittings, valves, and accessories requiring servicing or inspection; or insulation removable and replaceable without damage, within two-piece, No. 18-gauge aluminum covers fastened with cadmium-plated bolts and nuts. Removeable covers for strainers may be applied to the strainer removal section only. 7. Flexible Unicellular Insulation: Temperature range minus 30 to plus 220 degrees F. Flexible unicellular insulation shall not be used in pipe chases and fire walls, nor penetrate fire walls. Use an adhesive recommended by insulation manufacturer and apply in accordance with manufacturer's published instructions. Bond cuts, butt joints, ends, and longitudinal joints with adhesive. Miter 90-degree turns and elbows, tees, and valve insulation. Vapor seal unicellular insulation to piping in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Do not apply unicellular insulation in multiple layers. a. All flexible connections in cold water, chilled water and heating water piping shall be insulated with flexible unicellular insulation.

9 8. At Pipe Hangers: a. Insulation protection saddles and shields are specified in SECTION 15050, "BASIC MATERIALS AND METHODS". Tape all butt joints where insulation butts against hanger shield. On hot piping, apply 3-inch wide canvas strip dipped in lagging adhesive over butt joints. b. Embed no hangers in insulation. C. Ductwork, Casings, Plenums: 1. Where ducts run in groups too close to be individually insulated and finished, completely fill all spaces between ducts with rigid or flexible insulating material and insulate the group of ducts as one duct. 2. Where ducts cannot be insulated after erection, insulate prior to installation. 3. Access Plates and Doors: On internally insulated ducts, plenums, and casings, continue insulation on access plates and doors. Bevel insulation around access plates and doors. For externally insulated ducts provide duct access doors as per Ductwork and terminate the covering neatly at the ends around the access door using channels and vapor barrier taping. 4. Rigid Insulation: Use in Mechanical Rooms and exposed locations. Secure rigid insulation by impaling over pins or anchors located not more than 3 inches from edge of boards and spaced on not more than 18-inch centers; secure with washers and clips. Spot-weld anchor pins or attach with an approved waterproof adhesive especially designed for use on metal surfaces. Each pin or anchor shall be capable of supporting a 20-pound load. Protruding ends of clips shall be cut off flush after clips are secured and sealed with aluminum backed pressure sensitive tape and coated with silicone adhesive. Apply insulation with joints tightly butted. Where vapor barrier is specified, all joints, breaks, punctures, and voids shall be filled with vapor barrier coating compound and covered with vapor seal material identical to that surrounding. 5. Flexible Duct Wrap Insulation: Use in all concealed locations. Apply over clean, dry sheet metal ductwork that has been sealed air-tight at all seams and joints. Install to allow maximum fullness at corners (avoid excessive compression). Minimum thickness at corners is 1-inch. Butt insulation tightly at joints; vapor barrier facing shall be overlapped a minimum of 2-inches. Staple all seams approximately 6-inches on center with outward clinching staples, then seal with a foil vapor barrier tape, or vapor barrier mastic. When ducts are over 24-inches in width, the duct wrap shall be additionally secured

10 to the bottom of rectangular ducts with mechanical fasteners spaced on 18-inch centers, maximum, to prevent sagging of insulation. Seal penetration of facing to provide a vaportight system. 6. Insulation Thickness: D. Equipment: a. Fibrous glass blanket, foil-scrim-kraft facing. Thickness: 1-1/2 inches for concealed ductwork. b. Fibrous glass board, 3-pound density, foil-scrim-kraft facing, vaporsealed. For ductwork plenums and casings exposed to view: 1) Match sizes of reinforcing and connecting angles. Verify sizes of angles in field: Minimum 1-inch thick. 2) In General: a) To 42-Inches Wide: 1-inch. b) 43-Inches Wide and Over: 1-1/2-inches. 3) Match sizes of reinforcing and connecting angles. Verify sizes of angles in field: Minimum 1-inch thick. 4) In General: a) To 42-Inches Wide: 1-inch. b) 43-Inches Wide and Over: 1-1/2-inches. 1. Insulate heating equipment and accessories above 105 degrees F. Insulate cooling and refrigeration equipment, and accessories and cold surfaces with operating temperatures below 60 degrees F. 2. Equipment Insulation: a. Above 850-degrees F.: Calcium-silicate blocks, secured with wire or bands. Finish with insulating cement and a 6-ounce canvas jacket sized with Fosters or Arabol. b. Less than 850-degrees F.: Fiberglass board applied in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. All insulation edges and butt joints shall be sealed with pressure-sensitive joint sealing tape to match the jacket. Use 3-inch wide tape on flat surfaces, or where edges are shiplapped and stapled. 5-inch wide tape may be used in lieu of shiplapping.

11 c. Apply equipment insulation to fit as closely as possible to equipment. Insulation shall be grooved or scored where necessary to fit the contours of equipment. Stagger end joints where possible. Secure the insulation with 16-gage stainless steel or copper-clad wire or with 3/4-inch wide inch stainless steel, or inch aluminum bands spaced on 12-inch centers. Bevel the edges of the insulation for cylindrical surfaces to provide tight joints. Fill joints, seams, chipped edges, or depressions with bedding compound to form a smooth surface. Seal joints with insulating cement and cover insulation with a coat of finishing cement. Insulation on equipment that must be opened periodically for inspection, cleaning, and repair shall be constructed so insulation can be removed and replaced without damage. 3. Equipment Insulation Thicknesses: a. Mineral fiber block: 1-1/2 inch minimum. b. Flexible unicellular: 3/4-inch. c. The specified insulation thicknesses for equipment shall be increased where necessary to equal the thickness of angles or other structural members to make a smooth, exterior surface. E. Insulation Finish: 1. Provide Fed. Spec. HH-B-l00, Type I, vapor barrier covering for piping and ducts. Vapor barrier surfaces shall be suitable for painting. 2. Hot piping, Ducts and Equipment: a. All hot-pipe and duct insulation exposed within the building shall be finished with a PVC jacket. b. All hot-pipe and duct insulation exposed within the building shall be finished with a PVC jacket. c. All exposed hot water piping within the building shall be finished with a PVC jacket. 3. Piping, Ducts and Equipment: a. Fittings, flanges, elbows, and irregular surfaces shall be insulated the same as hot piping with special care taken to seal all joints including butts to ensure a continuous vapor barrier. b. Insulated piping exposed to weather shall be provided with weatherproof aluminum jacket; seamed to insulation with aluminum

12 or stainless steel bands, Pabco-Childers Lock-On, Insulcoustic, or equal. 4. Insulated Ducts Exposed to Weather (where internal lining is not shown) provide: a. Seal vapor barrier on insulation board. b. Apply mastic finish over insulation finish. Apply in two coats, the first coat being a tack coat applied at a rate of two gallons per 100 sq.ft. While still wet a layer of #10 open weave glass cloth membrane shall be embedded with all fabric seams overlapped a minimum of 2". A finish coat at a coverage of four gallons per 100 sq.ft. shall be applied, fully covering the cloth membrane and applied so that the minimum dry film thickness is 1/16" (0.063") There shall be no voids or holidays and the mastic shall be trowelled, sprayed or wet-brushed to a smooth even finish. 5. Provide Aluminum jacket at all insulated piping located 9 or under in mechanical rooms. Provide PVC jacket at all other insulated piping in mechanical room and indoor piping exposed to view. END OF SECTION

Design & Construction Standards, Revised January

Design & Construction Standards, Revised January PART 1: GENERAL 1.01 Purpose: A. This standard is intended to provide useful information to the Professional Service Provider (PSP) to establish a basis of design. The responsibility of the engineer is