MOLI Science Plan. Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Yasumasa Hirata

Transcription

1 International Workshop on Vegetation Lidar and Application from Space May 26, 2017 MOLI Science Plan Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Yasumasa Hirata

2 Current Global Issues

3 Contributions to Global Issues through GEOSS Disaster Weather Health Ecosystem Energy Agriculture Climate Change Biodiversity Water Cycle 3

4 Climate Change

5 2020 5

6 2020 6

7 UNCED Agenda 21 森林原則声明 1992 UNFCCC CBD 7

8 COP 3 in UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol 1997 Reduce their GHG emissions by 5.2% on average for the period , relative to their annual emissions in a base year, usually 1990 Rate of Emission reduction: EU 8%, USA 7%, Japan 6 % 8

9 Carbon Cycle

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11 Techniques and Networks of Global Carbon Cycle Observation at Various Time and Spatial Scales Ciais et al.,2014

12 Land-to-atmosphere CO 2 Flux Boreal Northern America Northern Africa Europe Boreal Asia Temperate North America Temperate Asia Tropical North America Tropical Asia Temperate South America Southern Africa Oceania

13 REDD-plus

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20 Concept of Emission Reduction in REDD+

21 IPCC basic equation to estimate GHG emissions from activities related with LULUCF sector Danilo Mollicone, FAO

22 Forest Carbon Stock using Remote Sensing and Field Survey

23 Carbon stock per unit area Idea of Forest Degradation Degradation Deforestation High Medium Low

24 Lesson and Learn from GLAS Mission

25 Intensity Waveform of LiDAR data in a mature forest Maximum tree height derived from LiDAR data was about 43 m. Intensity has a peak around 23m height and it means canopy layer. Maximum tree height Digital bins (0.1ns) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute

26 Intensity Waveform of LiDAR data in a degraded forest Maximum tree height derived from LiDAR data was about 42 m. Intensity was relayively weak through all layers. Maximum tree height Digital bins (0.1ns) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute

27 Intensity Waveform of LiDAR data in a rubber plantation Maximum tree height Maximum tree height derived from LiDAR data was about 23 m. Intensity has a peak around 15m height and it means canopy layer. Digital bins (0.1ns) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute

28 Growth and Degradation of Forest from Waveform changes

29 Issue of Observation using Large footprint on a slope

30 Objectives and Products of MOLI

31 The number of footprints of GLAS after screening

32 Reduction of Topographic Effect

33 Principle of determination for slope & azimuth angle using multi-footprint

34 Saturation for large biomass in SAR observation from A.Baccini et.al,nature CLIMATE CHANGE(2012), 2 P-band,HV ALOS L-band,HV 100Mg/ha from ESA report assessment BIOMASS,2008 from R.Dubaya et.al,grssieee2010

35 ISS ground tracks A chain of islands including Borneo and Celebes and Java and Sumatra in Southeast Asia (a) one-day orbit (a) one-day orbit (b) one-month orbit (b) one-month orbit (c) one-year orbit

36 Estimation of Aboveground Biomass(AGB) by Lidar Forest height to biomass allometry AGB regression model Canopy Height=a 1 x [Waveform Extent ] -a 2 x [Elevation Difference in Footprint ] (e.g. in Sabah, Malaysia) Above Ground Biomass (AGB) = b x(canopy height) a, where h 10, h 25, h 50, h 75, h 90 are corresponding to the point (height) in the waveform at which the given energy percentile is reached.

37 Requirement of Observation Parameters and accuracies Parameters Coverage Uncertainties Remarks Forest height Forest structure Forest biomass Global Regional 1m-3m, or 10%-20% 1m-3m, or 10%-20% Local ~10% Global Regional Global Regional Three layers ~5m-10m Three layers ~5m-10m ~20t/ha For biomass estimation For forest inventory Site quality estimation Contribution to biomass, Forest monitoring Disturbance, Monitoring, REDD++ Carbon stock Forest inventory Topography Global <2m DEM

38 Intensity (a.u.) Plan for product development Level 0 Assumed User time (ns) Level 1:Full-waveform product Full-waveform product will be generated from Level 0 data. This product will include full-waveform data and information about location, attitude of platform, and, time. Waveform analyst Tree height map maker Elevation map maker Level 2:Tree height product (ISS nadir only) Tree height will be estimated by analysis of full-waveform product. This product will include tree height data and information about location, attitude of platform, and, time. High level product:global tree height map/global biomass map High level product will be generated by fusion use of tree height product and other satellite data such as imager and SAR. Carbon cycle modeler Forest monitor Tree height map maker Carbon cycle modeler Forest monitor Policymaking and contribution to 38 society

39 2020 Thank you for your attention! 39