Closed Book Exam. 4. In Gaza, the electricity energy daily demand increases by about 30 40MW every year, as a result of the natural population growth.

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1 Islamic University of Gaza Renewable Resources EENV337 First Semester (01-013) Midterm Exam Instructor: Dr. Mazen Abualtayef Allowable Time: 90 Minutes اسم الطالب /ة الرقم الجامعي Closed Book Exam 0 Question 1: True or False. (5 points) 1. The Kyoto Protocol for fighting global warming has signed and ratified by 191 countries including the United States of America.. The reasons for going to use the renewable energy are declining fossil fuel supplies, increasing cost of fossil fuel, global warming and political concerns. 3. The major five greenhouse gases are CO, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, CFC-14 and CFC In Gaza, the electricity energy daily demand increases by about 30 40MW every year, as a result of the natural population growth. 5. The hydropower energy is proportional to the product of head and flow. 6. The hydropower plants have no impacts on the land use. 7. The theoretical maximum energy extraction from wind is about 59% based on Betz Limit. 8. The main things to look for when siting الموقع) (اختيار a wind farm are the wind resource, the proximity to transmission lines, the ease of permitting and the land use. 9. Polo tidal turbine has vertical tidal blades. 10. The oscillating water column (due to waves) generates electricity by direct contact of water to turbines. 1 of 5

2 Question : Discuss the pros and cons of these energy sources for producing electricity. (3 points) Pros should be as specific as possible to that energy source, i.e., what differentiates it from others. Be sure to include at least pros and cons for each. Source Pros (Positives) Cons (Negatives) Solar Wind Hydro-electric Geothermal Biomass Wave and Tidal of 5

3 Question 3: Micro-Hydropower (4 points). Municipality of Gaza بلدية غزة wants to install a hydropower to provide electricity. A stream of treated wastewater المجاري المعالجة runs down a hill to Gaza shoreline where it can construct a simple hydropower installation. The effective شاطئ غزة head (H) is 5.0 meters and water flows (Q) through the system at a rate of 0.50 m 3 /sec. The simple inexpensive hydropower has a working efficiency of 85%. Answer the following (show your work): a. How much power can be generated with this system per year? b. How many houses should this energy support, assuming an average community consumption of 1,000 kwh per year per house? c. How much Oil would be required in an Oil-fired power plant to generate the equivalent amount of electrical energy as the Hydropower generates in a year? The energy content of Oil is 11,630 kwh/ton. d. How much CO emissions would be if the Oil power plant was used? The Oil power plant produces 0.7 kg CO per kwh. 3 of 5

4 Question 4: Wind Power (4 points). If Gaza decided to switch completely to wind energy and using the largest wind turbines with a rotor blade diameter of 16m, an average wind speed (V) of.9 m/s, air density ( air )of 1.3 kg/m 3 and 30% capacity factor: a. What would be the total wind power per year per turbine? b. How many wind turbines would be necessary to meet Gaza s daily demand of 360 MW? c. What will be the Cost of Energy (CoE) per kwh? If the capital and operational costs of each wind turbine is $7.0 Million and the life span is 0 years. 4 of 5

5 اسم الطالب /ة الرقم الجامعي Question 5: Offshore Wave Power (4 points). If Gaza decided to switch completely to offshore wave power, answer the following questions. Assume that the average wave height (H) is 1.0 m and the wave period (T) is 7 sec. a. Calculate the offshore wave power that can be produced at the Mediterranean coast of Gaza assuming a continuous operation (4 365)? b. Calculate the length of the coast in km to be occupied to meet Gaza daily electricity demand of 360 MW? c. Might you be interested in investing in the development of this project? Discuss. وفقكم اهلل وبالنجاح 5 of 5

6 Hydro- electric energy: List of equations you may use P g H Q (kw per hour) Wind energy: Tidal barrage energy: P 1 V 3 air Arotor (Watts per hour) E 1397 R A (kwh per tidal cycle) 6 E yr R A (kwh per year) Wave energy: Area Payback period Energy cost H s T P e A d 4 Payback CoE Cost Energy Cost Annual. saving (kw/m per hour) (m ) (Years) ($/kwh) 6 of 5

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