Borough of Point Pleasant Beach Department of Public Works building Point Pleasant Beach, NJ 08742

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1 Steven Winter Associates, Inc. 293 Route 18 South, Suite 330 Telephone: (866) Architects and Engineers East Brunswick, NJ May 17, 2010 Local Government Energy Program Energy Audit Final Report Borough of Point Pleasant Beach Department of Public Works building Point Pleasant Beach, NJ Project Number: LGEA45 Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 1/54

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY USAGE AND COST ANALYSIS UTILITY RATE ENERGY BENCHMARKING FACILITY AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS BUILDING OCCUPANCY PROFILES BUILDING ENVELOPE EXTERIOR WALLS ROOF BASE WINDOWS EXTERIOR DOORS BUILDING AIR TIGHTNESS HVAC SYSTEMS ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS LIGHTING APPLIANCES AND PROCESS ELEVATORS EMERGENCY GENERATOR EQUIPMENT LIST ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES RENEWABLE AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MEASURES EXISTING SYSTEMS WIND SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS COMBINED HEAT AND POWER GEOTHERMAL ENERGY PURCHASING AND PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES LOAD PROFILES TARIFF ANALYSIS ENERGY PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES METHOD OF ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS AND TOOLS DISCLAIMER APPENDIX A: LIGHTING STUDY APPENDIX B: THIRD PARTY ENERGY SUPPLIERS (ESCOS) APPENDIX C: GLOSSARY AND METHOD OF CALCULATIONS Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 2/54

3 INTRODUCTION On March 10 th, 2010 Steven Winter Associates, Inc. (SWA) performed an energy audit and assessment for the Department of Public Works building. The building is located at 301 Cooks Lane, Point Pleasant Beach, NJ in Sussex County. The current conditions and energyrelated information were collected in order to analyze and facilitate the implementation of energy conservation measures for the building. The one story DPW building was built in the early 1960 s. The building consists of approximately 5,720 square feet of conditioned spaces. The building includes a break room/lounge, office area, bathroom, and 6 garage bays. The building is occupied on weekdays with 5 employees, weekdays from 7am to 4pm. The goal of this Local Government Energy Audit (LGEA) is to provide sufficient information to the Borough of Point Pleasant Beach in order to make decisions regarding the implementation of the most appropriate and most cost effective energy conservation measures for the DPW building. Launched in 2008, the LGEA Program provides subsidized energy audits for municipal and local government-owned facilities, including offices, courtrooms, town halls, police and fire stations, sanitation buildings, transportation structures, schools and community centers. The Program will subsidize 75% of the cost of the audit. If the net cost of the installed measures recommended by the audit exceeds the remaining cost of the audit, then that additional 25% will also be paid by the program. The Board of Public Utilities (BPUs) Office of Clean Energy has assigned TRC Energy Services to administer the Program. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 3/54

4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The energy audit performed by Steven Winter Associates (SWA) encompasses the DPW building located at 301 Cooks Lane, Point Pleasant Beach, NJ The one story DPW building was built in the early 1960 s. The building consists of approximately 5,720 square feet of conditioned spaces. Based on the field visits performed by the SWA staff on March 10 th and the results of a comprehensive energy analysis, this report describes the site s current conditions and recommendations for improvements. Suggestions for measures related to energy conservation and improved comfort are provided in the scope of work. Energy and resource savings are estimated for each measure that results in a reduction of heating and cooling energy use. From December 2008 to November 2009 the DPW building consumed 52,366 kwh or $8,604 worth of electricity at an approximate rate of $0.164/kWh and 8,519 therms or $11,229 worth of natural gas at an approximate rate of $1.318/therm. The joint energy consumption for the building, including both electricity and natural gas was 1,031 MMBtu of energy that cost a total of $19,833. SWA has entered energy information about the DPW building in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager Energy benchmarking system. The building was not able to receive a performance rating due to its classification as a mixed use building including office space, break room, and garage bays. Buildings achieving an Energy Star rating of 75 are eligible to apply for the Energy Star award and receive the Energy Star plaque to convey superior performance. These ratings also greatly help when applying for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) building certification through the United States Green Building Council (USGBC). SWA encourages the Borough of Point Pleasant Beach to continue entering utility data in Energy Star Portfolio Manager in order to track weather normalized source energy use over time. The Site Energy Use Intensity is kbtu/ft 2 yr compared to the national average of Service type building consuming 77.0 kbtu/ft 2 yr. Implementing the recommendations included in this report will reduce the building energy consumption by approximately 12.4 kbtu/ft 2 yr. The site intensity may be high as there are six garages which may be open for extended hours during winters consuming more gas heat than normal. There may be energy procurement opportunities for the DPW building to reduce annual utility costs, which are $750 higher for electric when compared to the average estimated NJ commercial electricity rates. Based on the assessment of the DPW building, SWA has separated the recommendations into three categories (See Section 4 for more details). These are summarized as follows: Category I Recommendations: Capital Improvement Measures Replace existing exhaust fan Replace window air conditioner Consider replacement of electric tank-type water heater for janitor s sink Replace damaged roof insulation Category II Recommendations: Operations and Maintenance Change filters in the furnace monthly Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 4/54

5 Repair roof eve detail Use ENERGY STAR labeled appliances Maintain roofs Maintain downspouts Provide weather stripping / air sealing Preventative exterior wall maintenance Use smart power electric strips Create an energy educational program Category III Recommendations: Energy Conservation Measures - Upgrades with associated energy savings At this time, SWA highly recommends a total of 2 Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) for the DPW building that are summarized in Table 1. The total investment cost for these ECMs is $329. SWA estimates a first year savings of $393 with a simple payback of 0.8 years. SWA estimates that implementing the highly recommended ECMs will reduce the carbon footprint of the DPW building by 3,050 lbs of CO 2, which is equivalent to avoiding the need of 7 trees to absorb the annual CO 2 generated. SWA also recommends 3 ECMs with payback greater than 5 years summarized in table 2, which result in a first year savings of $575. SWA also recommends 3 Over 10 year Payback and End of Life Cycle ECMs with a total first year savings of $438 that are summarized in Table 3. There are various incentives the Borough of Point Pleasant Beach could apply for that could also help lower the cost of installing the ECMs. SWA recommends that the Borough apply for the NJ SmartStart program through the New Jersey Office of Clean Energy. This incentive can help provide technical assistance for the building in the implementation phase of any energy conservation project. Additionally, a new NJ Clean Power program, Direct Install, could also assist to cover 80% of the capital investment. Renewable ECMs require application approval and negotiations with the utility and proof of performance. There is also a utility-sponsored loan program through JCP&L that would allow the building to pay for the installation of the PV system through a loan issued by the utility. The following tables summarize the proposed Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) and their economic relevance. In order to clearly present the overall energy opportunities for the building and ease the decision and choice of which ECM to implement, SWA calculated each ECM independently and did not incorporate slight/potential overlaps between some of the summarized ECMs (i.e. lighting change influence on heating/cooling). Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 5/54

6 Table 1 - Highly Recommended 0-5 Year Payback ECMs ECM # ECM description source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr 1 Install 1 Drinks vending machine miser and established costs , New CFL fixtures to be installed with incentives RS Means, lit search TOTALS , Table 2 - Recommended 5-10 Year Payback ECMs ECM # ECM description Replace old refrigerator with 17.4 cu ft Energy Star refrigerator 6 New pulse start metal halide fixtures to be installed with incentives 3 New occupancy sensors to be installed with incentives source Energy Star purchasing and procurement site, similar projects RS Means, lit search RS Means, lit search est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ , (83) 501 3, , , , , TOTALS 4, , , ,575 1,883 life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 6/54

7 Table 3 - Recommended Over 10 Year Payback and End of Life Cycle ECMs ECM # ECM description source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings Replace cost - gasfired furnace, 95% efficient direct vent model similar projects 3, , Replace thru-wall AC unit with 1-ton Ductless DX split HVAC system with similar projects 1, , , (578) 896 SEER 22 efficiency unit Replace domestic water heater with 95% efficient direct similar projects 1, , , (746) 784 vent unit TOTALS 6, , ,811 (497) 3,845 kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr Table 4 - Renewable Energy ECMs ECM # 9 ECM description Install 7.86 kw PV rooftop system with incentives Assumptions: source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr similar projects 60,915 7,860 53,055 9, , , ,471 12,982 Discount Rate: 3.2% per DOE FEMP; Energy Price Escalation Rate: 0% per DOE FEMP Guidelines Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 7/54

8 1. HISTORIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION 1.1. Energy usage and cost analysis SWA analyzed utility bills from December 2008 through November 2009 that were received from the JCP&L for the electricity usage and NJNG supplying the DPW building natural gas. Electricity - The DPW building is currently served by one electric meter. The Borough currently buys electricity from JCP&L at an average rate of $0.164/kWh based on 12 months of utility bills from December 2008 to November 2009 for the building. The Borough purchased approximately 52,366 kwh or $8,604 worth of electricity in the previous year for the DPW building. The average monthly demand was 13 kw. Natural gas - The DPW building is currently served by one natural gas meter. The Borough currently buys natural gas from NJNG at an average aggregated rate of $1.318/therm based on 12 months of gas bills for December 2008 to November 2009 for the building. The Borough purchased approximately 8,519 therms or $11,229 worth of natural gas in the previous year for the building. The following chart shows electricity use for the DPW building based on utility bills for the 12 month period of December 2008 to November The high kwh in March is probably due to JCP&L billing for some February days in March. Annual Electric Usage (kwh) and Cost($) Electric Usage (kwh) 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Usage (kwh) Estimated Baseload (kwh) Cost ($) $1,600 $1,400 $1,200 $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $0 Electric Cost ($) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Date (Month-Year) Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 The following chart shows the natural gas estimated energy used for the DPW building based on utility bills for the 12 month period of December 2008 to November It is worth noting the extraordinary gas used in the month of July, which is typically a cooling month. It may be due to billing error, meter error, or the boiler was fired for maintenance issues. SWA recommends further investigation into the matter. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 8/54

9 Natural Gas Usage (therms) Annual Natural Gas(therms) and Cost($) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 Natural Gas Usage (therms) Estimated Baseload (therms) Natural Gas Cost May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 $3, $2, $2, $1, $1, $ $0.00 Natural Gas Cost($) Date (Month-Year) The following chart shows combined natural gas and electric consumption in Btu/sq ft for the DPW building based on utility bills for the 12 month period of December 2008 to November Site Energy Intensity (kbtu/sq ft.) Dec-08 Site Energy Intensity (kbtu/sq ft.) Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Gas Energy Electricity Energy Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date (Month-Year) Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 9/54

10 The following table and pie charts show energy use for the DPW building based on utility bills for the 12 month period of December 2008 to November Note electrical cost at $48/MMBtu of energy is more than 3.6 times as expensive to use as natural gas at $13/MMBtu. Electric Miscellaneous Electric For Cooling Electric For Heating Lighting Domestic Hot Water (Elec) Domestic Hot Water (Gas) Building Space Heating Totals Annual Energy Consumption / Costs MMBtu % MMBtu $ % $ $/MMBtu 9 1% $414 2% % $775 4% % $4,026 20% % $3,230 16% % $159 1% % $289 1% % $10,940 55% 13 1, % $19, % Total Electric Usage Total Gas Usage Totals % $8,604 43% % $11,229 57% 13 1, % $19, % Annual Energy Consumption (MMBtu) Electric Miscellaneous Electric For Cooling Electric For Heating Lighting Domestic Hot Water (Elec) Domestic Hot Water (Gas) Building Space Heating (Gas) Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 10/54

11 Annual Energy Costs ($) Electric Miscellaneous Electric For Cooling Electric For Heating Building Space Heating (Gas) Lighting Domestic Hot Water (Gas) Domestic Hot Water (Elec) 1.2. Utility rate The Borough currently purchases electricity from its utility at a general service market rate for electricity use (kwh) with a separate (kw) demand charge. The Borough currently pays an average rate of approximately $0.164/kWh based on the 12 months of utility bills of December 2008 to November 2009 for the DPW building. The Borough currently purchases natural gas supplied by NJNG at the prevailing market rates for natural gas. The average aggregated rate for the natural gas is approximately $1.318/therm based on 12 months of natural gas bills for December 2008 to November 2009 for the DPW building Energy benchmarking SWA has entered energy information about the DPW building in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) Energy Star Portfolio Manager Energy benchmarking system. The building did not receive a score due to its classification of being a mixed use building. Buildings achieving an Energy Star rating of 75 or higher, and professionally verified to meet current indoor environmental standards, are eligible to apply for the Energy Star award and receive the Energy Star plaque that conveys superior energy performance to students, parents, taxpayers, and employees. These ratings also greatly help when applying for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) building certification to the United States Green Building Council (USGBC). The Site Energy Use Intensity is kbtu/sqft compared to the national average intensity of Service building types consuming 77.0 kbtu/sqft. The site intensity may be high as there are six garages which may be open for extended hours during winters consuming more gas heat Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 11/54

12 than normal. Implementing this report s highly recommended Energy Conservations Measures (ECMs) will reduce use by approximately 1.3 kbtu/sqft with an additional 5.4 kbtu/sqft from the other recommended measures. Additionally, the building can offset 5.7 kbtu/sqft from installing a 7.86 kw PV rooftop system. These recommendations could account for at least 12.4 kbtu/sq ft yr reduction, which when implemented would make the building energy consumption lower. SWA has created the Portfolio Manager site information for the Borough of Point Pleasant Beach. Access is also allowed to TRC. This information can be accessed at the following: with the following: Username: PointPleasantBeachBoro Password: PointPleasantBeachBoro Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 12/54

13 Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 13/54

14 2. FACILITY AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION 2.1. Building Characteristics The single story (slab on grade) 5,720 square feet Department of Public Works Building was constructed in the early 1960 s. It houses public works offices and six truck bays. Front Façade Rear and typ. Side Façade 2.2. Building occupancy profiles The building occupancy is approximately 5 employees at any given time from 7 am until 4 pm Monday through Friday Building envelope Due to unfavorable weather conditions (min. 18 deg. F delta-t in/outside and no/low wind), no exterior envelope infrared (IR) images were taken during the field audit Exterior Walls The exterior wall envelope is mostly constructed of a vertical metal panel system and some painted CMU (Concrete Masonry Unit) accents, over a steel frame with areas of assumed 3 inches of fiberglass batt cavity insulation. The interior is mostly finished with exposed CMU, gypsum wall board or vertical metal panels. Note: Wall insulation levels could not be verified in the field or on construction plans, and are based upon similar wall types and time of construction. Exterior and interior wall surfaces were inspected during the field audit. They were found to be in overall acceptable condition with only a few but serious signs of uncontrolled moisture, air-leakage or other energy-compromising issues located mostly at the front right side of the building. The following specific exterior wall problem spots and areas were identified: Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 14/54

15 Cracked/deteriorated bricks and mortar joints and damaged interior finishes all due to a faulty eve detail as mentioned in Roof Roof The building s roof is predominantly a low-pitch gable type over a steel structure, with a light colored metal panel finish. It is original, but was patched recently. Zero inches of detectable attic/ceiling insulation, and four inches of fiberglass batt roof insulation were recorded by the field auditor. Note: Roof insulation levels could visually be verified in the field by non-destructive methods. Roofs, related flashing, gutters and downspouts were inspected during the field audit. They were reported to be in overall acceptable condition with the exception of a faulty construction detail with major roof leakage and roof insulation compromising consequences. The following specific roof problem spot was identified: Faulty roof finish detail on all eves allows roof runoff water into the roof assembly through open cell foam at the metal roof panel ends Roof runoff water saturated fiberglass roof insulation due to faulty roof finish detail mentioned Base The building s base is composed of a slab-on-grade floor with a perimeter foundation and no detectable slab edge/perimeter insulation. Slab/perimeter insulation levels could not be verified in the field or on construction plans, and are based upon similar wall types and time of construction. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 15/54

16 The building s base and its perimeter were inspected for signs of uncontrolled moisture or water presence and other energy-compromising issues. Overall the base was reported to be in acceptable condition with no signs of uncontrolled moisture, air-leakage and/ or other energy-compromising issues Windows The building contains slider type windows with a non-insulated aluminum frame, clear single glazing and no interior or exterior shading devices. Windows, shading devices, sills, related flashing and caulking were inspected as far as accessibility allowed for signs of moisture, air-leakage and other energy compromising issues. Overall, the windows were found to be in acceptable condition Exterior doors The building contains two different types of exterior doors.. 1. Metal type exterior doors. They are located throughout the building and are original/have never been replaced. 2. Overhead type exterior doors serving the truck bays. They are located in the front and rear of the building and are original/have never been replaced. All exterior doors, thresholds, related flashing, caulking and weather-stripping were inspected for signs of moisture, air-leakage and other energy-compromising issues. Overall, the doors were found to be in acceptable condition with the exception of a leaky and deteriorating metal door on the front right side The following specific door problem spot was identified: Missing/worn weather-stripping and a warped and deteriorating metal frame or door prevent the door to close and seal properly Building air tightness Overall the field auditors found the building to be reasonably air-tight, considering the building's use and occupancy, as described in more detail earlier in this chapter. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 16/54

17 The air tightness of buildings helps maximize all other implemented energy measures and investments, and minimizes potentially costly long-term maintenance, repair and replacement expenses HVAC Systems The Department of Public Works complex consists of three separate structures. The main building is the Municipal Garage. Behind the garage are two additional buildings; a storage building and a salt dome. The storage building and salt dome contain no HVAC equipment. The Municipal Garage consists of a large open garage area with nine (9) large garage doors, a small break area with a toilet room, and an office area. There is also a small mechanical/locker room adjacent to the break room and toilet room. The non-garage areas are heated by a gas fired furnace in the mechanical/locker room that is ducted above the ceiling to the three areas. The garage area is heated by six (6) gasfired infrared heaters. The only cooling for the building is a thru-wall, room-sized air conditioning unit located in the office. There was no roof access during the time of the energy audit Heating The break area, toilet room, and office of the Municipal Garage are heated by a gas-fired furnace in the building s mechanical / locker room. The furnace is circa 1980; however, no additional information such as unit input, output, or capacity was available at time of energy audit due to lack of nameplate on the equipment. Based on the rough age of the unit, it is currently beyond the expected useful life and should be replaced. SWA recommends that the furnace be replaced with a unit of an appropriate capacity and higher efficiency to provide energy savings. Gas-fired Furnace in Mechanical / Locker Room Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 17/54

18 The garage area is heated via six (6) gas-fired infrared heaters. This system is a very energy efficient way to heat a garage since such spaces require significant amount of air changes per hour to heat otherwise. Infrared heating systems heat people and objects and not the air, so when air is exhausted from the space, the heating is not lost to the outside as it is with a conventional forced-air heating system. The units were installed in 2008 and range in size and capacity. It is reported that these heaters provide adequate heating in this application. This system is in very good condition and should be retained Cooling Two Infrared Heaters in Garage The only cooling for the building is a thru-wall air conditioning unit located in the office. The unit is in poor condition; however, it was reported that the unit is still functioning and is used heavily during the warmer months of the year. Based on the condition and age of the unit, as well as the high usage, SWA recommends that the air conditioner be replaced with a more energy efficient, ENERGY STAR labeled unit of the same capacity to provide energy savings. An alternative option would be to remove the wall air conditioner and seal the wall penetration and provide a DX cooling split system. Aside from the energy savings, sealing up the wall will reduce infiltration of outdoor air and reduce the heating and cooling load. Thru-wall Air Conditioning Unit in Office Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 18/54

19 2.4.3 Ventilation The only ventilation for the DPW Garage is a single exhaust fan serving the toilet. Age of the fan was not verifiable as the fan was not accessible; however, based on the appearance and condition of the fan, it is estimated to have 25% of its useful life remaining. SWA recommends that in the near future the fan be replaced in kind with a more energy efficient model complete with premium efficiency motor. Exhaust Fan in Toilet Room The garage portion of the building is naturally ventilated by nine (9) large garage doors located on the front and rear of the building. The garage also contains a ceiling mounted air filtration system to filter out air pollutants such as vehicle exhaust. Air Filtration System in Garage Domestic Hot Water The domestic hot water for the building is provided by a small electric hot water heater and a larger gas-fired water heater. The small electric water heater serves a mop sink at the far end of the garage, furthest from the office and break room areas. The unit is a six (6) gallon, 2kW heater and is mounted on a shelf above the mop sink. The heater was installed in 2003 and has 45% of its estimated useful life remaining. The large, gas- Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 19/54

20 fired water heater is located in the mechanical/locker room and serves the toilet and break room. The heater is a 30 gallon, 32MBH tank-type water heater. The heater was installed in 1997 and is at the end of its expected useful life. Electric (left) and Gas-fired Domestic Water Heaters Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 20/54

21 2.5. Electrical systems Lighting Interior Lighting - The DPW building currently contains mostly T8 fluorescent fixtures with electronic ballasts. There are also fixtures found to contain incandescent bulbs SWA recommends upgrading these fixtures with compact fluorescent bulbs. Based on measurements of lighting levels for each space, there are not any vastly over-illuminated areas. SWA recommends installing occupancy sensors in the break room, bathroom, and office area where payback on savings is justified. Typically, occupancy sensors have an adjustable time delay that shuts down the lights automatically if no motion or sound is detected within a set time period. See attached lighting schedule in Appendix A for a complete inventory of lighting throughout the building and estimated power consumption. Exterior Lighting - The exterior lighting surveyed during the building audit were Metal Halide fixtures. SWA recommends pulse start Metal Halide fixtures in replacement and photocell sensors for all exterior lighting or timers Appliances and process The building has two (2) microwaves, two (2) toaster ovens, and two (2) residential refrigerators. A microwave and toaster are located in the far end of the garage as well as in the break room. SWA recommends that these units eventually be replaced with ENERGY STAR labeled equipment. The large residential refrigerator located in the garage is from 1989 and is well beyond its expected life span. SWA recommends that this unit be replaced with a more energy efficient, ENERGY STAR labeled unit. The small residential refrigerator in the office is relatively new and in good condition. Residential Microwave and Toaster Oven in Break Room; Residential Refrigerator in Garage Appliances, such as refrigerators, that are over 10 years of age should be replaced with newer efficient models with the ENERGY STAR label. For example, ENERGY STAR refrigerators use as little as 315 kwh / yr. When compared to the average electrical consumption of older equipment, ENERGY STAR equipment results in a large savings. Building management should select ENERGY STAR label appliances and equipment Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 21/54

22 when replacing: refrigerators, printers, and computers, copy machines, etc. More information can be found in the Products section of the ENERGY STAR website at: SWA recommends consulting with the vendor that supplies all vending machines, requesting ENERGY STAR models when the contract is due for renewal. Also, energy vending miser devices are now available for conserving energy usage by Drinks and Snacks vending machines. When equipped with the vending miser devices, vending machines use less energy and are comparable in daily energy performance to new ENERGY STAR qualified machines. Computers left on in the building consume a lot of energy. A typical desk top computer uses 65 to 250 watts and uses the same amount of energy when the screen saver is left on. Televisions in meeting areas use approximately 3-5 watts of electricity when turned off. SWA recommends all computers and all appliances (i.e. coffee makers, televisions, etc) be plugged in to power strips and turned off each evening just as the lights are turned off Elevators The DPW building is a one story building and there is no elevator Emergency Generator On-grade, outside of the break room area is a 19KW natural gas emergency generator. The generator was installed in 2006 and is in good to excellent condition. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 22/54

23 3. EQUIPMENT LIST Inventory Building System Heating Domestic Hot Water Heating Heating Heating Description Location Model # Fuel Space Served Gas-fired Furnace Est. 65% Heating Eff. Domestic Water Heater Est. 75% Eff. Infrared Unit Heater Est. 85% Eff. (2) Infrared Heaters Est. 85% Eff. Infrared Heater Est. 85% Eff. Utility Room Utility Room Garage Garage Garage Worthington: Mueller Climatrol (no nameplate available) Rheem M# 21V30-6 S# RN 0497A gallons 32MBH input Modine M# RH MBH input Modine: RH model (nameplate illegible) Enerco / Mr. Heater Item # F M# MH40 NG S# MBH input Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas Natural Gas Office & Break Room Year Installed Circa 1980 Restrooms 1997 Estimated Remaining Useful Life % 0% - beyond expected useful life 5% - at or nearing the end of its expected useful life Garage % Garage % Garage % Heating Infrared Heater Est. 85% Eff. Garage Modine M# MHR S# K MBH input Natural Gas Garage % Heating Infrared Heater Est. 85% Eff. Garage Modine (nameplate illegible) Natural Gas Garage % Garage Equipment Air Compressor Garage Ingersoll-Rand M# 2475N5 S# V 1ph 28A Motor S# Electric Garage % Ventilation Air Cleaner Garage Biological Controls: AirMATION M# AirMATION-AMAR- 302A S# AM302129A V 7.5A Electric Garage % Domestic Hot Water Domestic Water Heater Est. 70% Eff. Garage General Electric M# GE6P6A S# gallons 2KW Electric Slop sink in garage % continued on the next page Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 23/54

24 Building System Cooling Ventilation continued from the previous page Description Location Model # Fuel Space Served Thru-wall Air Conditioning Unit Est. 8.0 EER Exhaust Fan Office Toilet Room Refriger. Mini Refrigerator Office Refriger. Emergency Power Lighting Residential Refrigerator Generator See details - Appendix A Garage On-grade adjacent to break room Frigidaire: Gallery (no nameplate available) (nameplate not available) Estimated fractional horsepower Magic Chef (no nameplate available) General Electric M# TBX17KLG S# HA V 7A 5.4oz. R-12 refrigerant Kohler: Power Systems 20 M# 20RZ S# RPM 19KW Engine M# LRG425 Engine S# 06ZG52138 Year Installed Electric Office 1995 Electric Toilet Room Est Estimated Remaining Useful Life % 0% - beyond expected useful life Est. 0-25% Electric Office % Electric Garage 1989 Natural Gas building - Electric Building 0% - beyond expected useful life Building % Note: The remaining useful life of a system (in %) is an estimate based on the system date of built and existing conditions derived from visual inspection. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 24/54

25 4. ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES Based on the assessment of the DPW building, SWA has separated the investment opportunities into three recommended categories: 1. Capital Improvements - Upgrades not directly associated with energy savings 2. Operations and Maintenance - Low Cost / No Cost Measures 3. Energy Conservation Measures - Higher cost upgrades with associated energy savings Category I Recommendations: Capital Improvements Replace existing exhaust fan The ceiling-mounted exhaust fan is operating beyond its useful life. Due to age and condition of this equipment, SWA recommends that this equipment be replaced. Energy savings will be negligible since the motor is fractional horsepower, and there are no NJ Clean Energy rebates available for single phase motors. Replace window air conditioner The existing window air conditioner is beyond its expected service life and replacement should be considered with a more modern, energy efficient unit. The window air conditioner should be replaced with a split system to allow for closing up of the existing window penetration. This upgrade cannot be justified by energy savings alone but will result in a decrease in energy usage versus the existing equipment. In addition, the existing system utilizes R-22 refrigerant, which is not an ozone-friendly refrigerant. A newer system should be specified with R-410A refrigerant. See End Of Life ECM#8. Consider replacement of electric tank-type water heater for janitor s sink with instantaneous water heater energy savings can be realized by producing domestic hot water upon demand and avoiding tank standby losses associated with tank-type water heaters. The estimated cost for this upgrade is $ Replace damaged roof insulation where water has penetrated from the incorrectly installed roof eve detailing (after drip edges around roof are correctly installed). Category II Recommendations: Operations and Maintenance Change filters in the furnace monthly to ensure efficient operation of the fan, to ensure adequate air delivery to the space and to avoid overheating the furnace heat exchanger which can cause cracking and require replacement. Repair roof eve detail the drip edge on all eves was incorrectly installed, allowing water to penetrate into the roof and damage fiberglass batt insulation. SWA recommends correcting this roof detail in order to prevent additional damage. Use ENERGY STAR labeled appliances - such as Energy Star refrigerators that should replace older energy inefficient equipment. Maintain roofs - SWA recommends regular maintenance to verify water is draining correctly. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 25/54

26 Maintain downspouts - Repair / install missing downspouts as needed to prevent water / moisture infiltration and insulation damage. Provide weather stripping / air sealing - Doors and vestibules should be observed annually for deficient weather-stripping and replaced as needed. The perimeter of all window frames should also be regularly inspected and any missing or deteriorated caulking should be recaulked to provide an unbroken seal around the window frames. Any other accessible gaps or penetrations in the thermal envelope penetrations should also be sealed with caulk or spray foam. Preventative exterior wall maintenance - SWA recommends as part of the maintenance program to install proper flashing, correct masonry efflorescence and seal wall cracks and penetrations wherever necessary in order to keep insulation dry and effective. Use smart power electric strips - in conjunction with occupancy sensors to power down computer equipment when left unattended for extended periods of time. Create an energy educational program - that teaches how to minimize their energy use. The US Department of Energy offers free information for hosting energy efficiency educational programs and plans, for more information please visit: Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 26/54

27 Category III Recommendations: Energy Conservation Measures Summary table ECM# Table 1 - Highly Recommended 0-5 Year Payback ECMs 1 Install 1 Drinks vending machine miser 3 1 New CFL fixtures to be installed with incentives Table 2 - Recommended 5-10 Year Payback ECMs 2 Replace old refrigerator with 17.4 cu ft Energy Star refrigerator 4 6 New pulse start metal halide fixtures to be installed with incentives 5 3 New occupancy sensors to be installed with incentives Table 3 - Recommended Over 10 Year Payback and End of Life Cycle ECMs 7 Replace cost - gas-fired furnace, 95% efficient direct vent model 8 Replace thru-wall AC unit with 1-ton Ductless DX split HVAC system with SEER 22 efficiency unit 6 Replace domestic water heater with 95% efficient direct vent unit Table 4 - Renewable Energy Generation Measures 9 Install 7.86 kw PV rooftop system with incentives Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 27/54

28 ECM#1: Install Vending Miser Description: The Department of Public Works building has one drinks vending machine located in the break room. Energy vending miser devices are now available for conserving energy with these vending machines and coolers. There is not a need to purchase new machines to reduce operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions. When equipped with the vending miser devices, refrigerated beverage vending machines use less energy and are comparable in daily energy performance to new ENERGY STAR qualified machines. Vending miser devices incorporate innovative energy-saving technology into small plug-and-play devices that installs in minutes, either on the wall or on the vending machine. Vending miser devices use a Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR) to: Power down the machine when the surrounding area is vacant; Monitor the room's temperature; Automatically repower the cooling system at one- to three-hour intervals, independent of sales; Ensure the product stays cold. Snacks vending miser devices can be used on Snacks vending machines to achieve maximum energy savings that result in reduced operating costs and decreased greenhouse gas emissions with existing machines. Snacks vending miser devices also use a Passive Infrared Sensor (PIR) to determine if there is anyone within 25 feet of the machine. It waits for 15 minutes of vacancy, then powers down the machine. If a customer approaches the machine while powered down, the snacks vending miser will sense the presence and immediately power up. Installation cost: Estimated installed cost: $279 (including $100 in labor costs) Source of cost estimate: and established costs Economics: ECM # ECM description source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr 1 Install 1 Drinks vending machine miser and established costs 279 none at this time , Assumptions: SWA assumes energy savings based modeling calculator found at Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 28/54

29 or Rebates/financial incentives: This measure does not qualify for a rebate or other financial incentive at this time. Options for funding ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 29/54

30 ECM#2: Replace Old Refrigerator with ENERGY STAR Model Description: On the days of the site visit, SWA observed an older refrigerator in the break room which is not ENERGY STAR rated (using as much as 1100 kwh/yr). Appliances, such as refrigerators, that are over years of age should be replaced with newer efficient models with the ENERGY STAR label. SWA recommends the replacement of the existing refrigerator which is operating at the end of its useful lives with a more modern, ENERGY STAR, energy efficient appliance. Besides saving energy, the replacement will also keep the kitchen area cooler. In addition, the existing systems utilize R-12 refrigerant, which is not an ozone-friendly refrigerant. Newer systems should be specified with R-134A or R-404A refrigerant. When compared to the average electrical consumption of older equipment, ENERGY STAR equipment results in large savings. Look for the ENERGY STAR label when replacing appliances and equipment, including: window air conditioners, refrigerators, printers, computers, copy machines, etc. More information can be found in the Products section of the ENERGY STAR website at: Installation cost: Estimated installed cost: $750 (includes $150 labor) Source of cost estimate: ENERGY STAR purchasing and procurement site, similar projects, Manufacturer and Store established costs Economics: ECM # ECM description source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr 2 Replace old refrigerator with 17.4 cu ft Energy Star refrigerator Energy Star purchasing and procurement site, similar projects , (83) 501 Assumptions: SWA calculated the savings for this measure using measurements taken the day of the field visit and using the billing analysis. SWA assumed one annual call to a refrigeration contractor to perform minor repairs on old refrigerators. Rebates/financial incentives: NJ Clean Energy - There are not any incentives at this time offered by the state of NJ for this energy conservation measure. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 30/54

31 Options for funding the ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 31/54

32 ECM#3, 4, & 5: Building Lighting Upgrades Description: On the days of the site visit, SWA completed a lighting inventory of the DPW building (see Appendix A). The existing lighting consists of mostly T8 fluorescent fixtures with electronic ballasts. SWA recommends replacing the incandescent bulb found in the building with compact fluorescent bulbs. SWA also recommends the replacement of metal halide bulbs with pulse start metal halide fixtures. Additionally, SWA recommends the installation of occupancy sensors in the locker room, office, and bathroom of the building. The labor in all these installations was evaluated using prevailing electrical contractor wages. The Borough of Point Pleasant Beach may decide to perform this work with in-house resources from its Maintenance Department on a scheduled, longer timeline than otherwise performed by a contractor, to obtain savings. Estimated installed cost: $3,785 Source of cost estimate: RS Means; Published and established costs, NJ Clean Energy Program Economics: ECM # ECM description source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr 3 1 New CFL fixtures to be installed with incentives RS Means, lit search New pulse start metal halide fixtures to be installed with incentives 3 New occupancy sensors to be installed with incentives RS Means, lit search RS Means, lit search 3, , , , , TOTAL 3, , , ,804 1,511 Assumptions: SWA calculated the savings for this measure using measurements taken the days of the field visits and using the billing analysis. SWA also assumed an aggregated 4 hrs/yr to replace aging burnt out lamps vs. newly installed. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 32/54

33 Rebates/financial incentives: NJ Clean Energy Wall Mounted occupancy and motion sensors ($20 per control) Maximum incentive amount is $60. NJ Clean Energy Pulse start metal halide lamps in existing facilities ($25 per fixture, depending on quantity and lamps) Maximum incentive amount is $150. Options for funding the Lighting ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 33/54

34 ECM#6: Replace Domestic Water Heater Description: There is one (1) gas-fired domestic water heater that serves a toilet room lavatory. This unit typically achieves approximately 70% efficiency in natural gas usage considering its current age. This equipment is beyond its expected service life and should be replaced. The Department of Public Works can realize energy savings by installing a direct vent high efficiency water heater. This type of heater can achieve up to 95% efficiency. This measure cannot be justified by energy savings alone, but should be considered as an end-of-life energy savings opportunity. Installation cost (including labor): Estimated installed cost: $1,900 Source of cost estimate: Similar projects Economics: ECM # 6a 6b 6 ECM description Replace domestic water heater with non-direct vent 80% efficient unit Incremental analysis to replace domestic water heater with 95% efficient direct vent unit Replace domestic water heater with 95% efficient direct vent unit source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr similar projects 1, (462) 363 similar projects (284) 421 similar projects 1, , (746) 784 Assumptions: SWA calculated the savings for this measure using nameplate data taken the days of the field visits, equipment efficiencies listed above and using the billing analysis. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 34/54

35 Rebates/financial incentives: NJ Clean Energy Gas-fired water heaters <50 gallons ($50 per heater) Maximum incentive amount is $50. Options for funding ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 35/54

36 Description: ECM#7: Replace Gas-Fired Furnace System Serving the Office, Break Room, and Toilet Room The office, break room, and toilet room areas of the building are heated by a gas-fired furnace located in the mechanical / locker room. This equipment is at the end of its expected service life of 20 years. SWA recommends replacement of this equipment to gain increase in operating efficiency. Replacement is recommended as an End of Life ECM. The current equipment has an operating efficiency of approximately 75%. The new equipment should have a minimum 80% efficiency rating, preferably closer to 95%. The higher efficiency will involve increased cost for the equipment over units with lower efficiency. The equipment shall be ENERGY STAR certified and ASHRAE 90.1 compliant. Installation Cost: Estimated installed cost: $3,100 Source of cost estimate: Similar projects Economics: ECM # 7a 7b 7 ECM description Replace gas-fired furnace with 80% efficient standard model Incremental cost - gas-fired furnace, 95% efficient direct vent model Replace cost - gasfired furnace, 95% efficient direct vent model source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr similar projects similar projects 2, , ,521 similar projects 3, , Assumptions: SWA calculated the savings for this measure using measurements taken the days of the field visits and using the billing analysis. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 36/54

37 Rebates/financial incentives: NJ Clean Energy Gas-furnaces 92% or greater AFUE or ENERGY STAR rated ($300 per furnace). Options for funding the ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 37/54

38 Description: ECM#8: Replace Window Air Conditioners Serving Office with Ductless Cooling Only DX Cooling Split System The DPW contains (2) window air conditioning unit that serve the office. This equipment is beyond its expected service life of 15 years. SWA recommends replacement of this equipment to gain increase in operating efficiency. This project has a simple payback period of greater than 10 years. Replacement is recommended as an End of Life ECM. Due to the age of the equipment and based on nameplate data from one of the units, it is assumed that it is operating with an EER of approximately 8.0. The new equipment should have a minimum 13.0 EER rating, but premium units list EER of The higher EER will involve increased cost for the equipment over units with lower EER. The equipment shall be ENERGY STAR certified and ASHRAE 90.1 compliant. The equipment shall utilize R-410A refrigerant. Installation Cost: Estimated installed cost: $1,950 Source of cost estimate: Similar projects Economics: Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 38/54

39 ECM # 8a 8b 8 ECM description Replace thru-wall AC unit with 1-ton Ductless DX split HVAC system with SEER 13 efficiency unit Incremental cost to replace thru-wall AC unit with 1-ton Ductless DX split HVAC system with SEER 22 efficiency unit Replace thru-wall AC unit with 1-ton Ductless DX split HVAC system with SEER 22 efficiency unit source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr similar projects 1, , (810) 378 similar projects similar projects 1, , , (578) 896 Assumptions: SWA calculated the savings for this measure using measurements taken the days of the field visits and using the billing analysis. Based on bin hour weather data for Trenton Air Force Base, Trenton, NJ, it is assumed that this unit runs for approximately 1,000 hours per year. Rebates/financial incentives: NJ Clean Energy Electric Unitary HVAC/Split Systems min SEER (< 5.4 tons, $92 per ton) Maximum incentive amount is $92. Options for funding the ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 39/54

40 ECM#9: Install 7.86 kw PV system Description: Currently the Department of Public Works garage does not use any renewable energy systems. Renewable energy systems such as photovoltaic panels, can be mounted on the building roofs, and can offset a portion of the purchased electricity for the building. Power stations generally have two separate electrical charges: usage and demand. Usage is the amount of electricity in kilowatthours that a building uses from month to month. Demand is the amount of electrical power that a building uses at any given instance in a month period. During the summer periods, when electric demand at a power station is high due to the amount of air conditioners, lights, equipment, etc being used within the region, demand charges go up to offset the utility s cost to provide enough electricity at that given time. Photovoltaic systems not only offset the amount of electricity use by a building, but also reduce the building s electrical demand, resulting in a higher cost savings as well. It is recommended at this time that the Department of Public Works further review installing a 7.86 KW PV system to offset electrical demand and reduce the annual net electric consumption for the building, and review guaranteed incentives from NJ rebates to justify the investment. The Department of Public Works may consider applying for a grant and/or engage a PV generator/leaser who would install the PV system and then sell the power at a reduced rate. JCP&L provides the ability to buy SREC s at $600/MWh or best market offer. The garage building has a slightly pitched roof to accommodate the recommended system. A commercial crystalline 230 watt panel has 17.5 square feet of surface area (13.1 watts per square foot). A 7.86 kw system needs approximately 34.0 panels which would take up 595 square feet. The installation of a renewable Solar Photovoltaic power generating system could serve as a good educational tool and exhibit for the community. Installation cost (including labor): Estimated installed cost: $53,055 Source of cost estimate: Similar Projects Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 40/54

41 Economics: ECM # 9 ECM description Install 7.86 kw PV rooftop system with incentives source est. installed cost, $ est. incentives, $ net est. ECM cost with incentives, $ kwh, 1st yr savings kw, demand reduction/mo therms, 1st yr savings kbtu/sq ft, 1st yr savings est. operating cost, 1st yr savings, $ total 1st yr savings, $ life of measure, yrs est. lifetime energy cost savings, $ simple payback, yrs lifetime return on investment, % annual return on investment, % internal rate of return, % net present value, $ CO2 reduced, lbs/yr similar projects 60,915 7,860 53,055 9, , , ,471 12,982 Assumptions: SWA estimated the cost and savings of the system based on past PV projects. SWA projected physical dimensions based on a typical Polycrystalline Solar Panel (230 Watts, model #ND-U230C1). PV systems are sized based on Watts and physical dimensions for an array will differ with the efficiency of a given solar panel (W/sq ft). Rebates/financial incentives: NJ Clean Energy - Renewable Energy Incentive Program, Incentive based on $1.00 / watt Solar PV application for systems 50kW or less. Incentive amount for this application is $7,860 for the proposed option. NJ Clean Energy - Solar Renewable Energy Certificate Program. Each time a solar electric system generates 1000kWh (1MWh) of electricity, a SREC is issued which can then be sold or traded separately from the power. The buildings must also become netmetered in order to earn SRECs as well as sell power back to the electric grid. A total annual SREC credit of $5,400 has been incorporated in the above costs, however it requires proof of performance, application approval and negotiations with the utility. Maximum incentive amount is $92. Options for funding ECM: This project may benefit from enrolling in NJ SmartStart program with Technical Assistance to offset a portion of the cost of implementation. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 41/54

42 5. RENEWABLE AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY MEASURES 5.1. Existing systems There are not currently any existing renewable energy systems Wind Description: A Wind system is not applicable for this building because the area does not have winds of sufficient velocity to justify installing a wind turbine system. In addition, the Owner is not interested in pursuing this measure Solar Photovoltaic Please see the above recommended ECM# Solar Thermal Collectors Description: Solar thermal collectors are not cost effective for this building and would not be recommended due to the insufficient and not constant use of domestic hot water throughout the building to justify the expenditure Combined Heat and Power Description: CHP is not applicable for this building because of insufficient thermal baseload Geothermal Description: Geothermal is not cost effective for this building since the great majority of the building is not currently cooled. Therefore, this measure would not provide significant energy savings. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 42/54

43 6. ENERGY PURCHASING AND PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES 6.1. Load profiles The following charts show annual electric and natural gas load profiles for the DPW building: Annual Electric Usage (kwh) and Cost($) Electric Usage (kwh) 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Usage (kwh) Estimated Baseload (kwh) Cost ($) $1,600 $1,400 $1,200 $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $0 Electric Cost ($) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Date (Month-Year) Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Some minor unusual electric fluctuations shown may be due to adjustments between estimated and actual meter readings. Also, note on the following chart how the electrical Demand remains constant for many months it may due to faulty meter reads, or some sort of smoothing by JCP&L. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 43/54

44 Electric Price ($/kwh) $0.20 $0.18 $0.16 $0.14 $0.12 $0.10 $0.08 $0.06 $0.04 $0.02 $0.00 Average Electric Price vs. Monthly Peak Demand(kW) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Rate ($/kwh) Average NJ rate ($/kwh) Demand (kw) Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov Electric Demand (kw) Date (Month-Year) The following chart shows the estimated use of natural gas annual load for the building, peaking in the coldest months of the year and another chart showing natural gas consumption following the heating degree days curve. Natural Gas Usage (therms) Annual Natural Gas(therms) and Cost($) Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 Natural Gas Usage (therms) Estimated Baseload (therms) Natural Gas Cost May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 $3, $2, $2, $1, $1, $ $0.00 Natural Gas Cost($) Date (Month-Year) Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 44/54

45 Natural Gas Usage (therms) Natural Gas Usage (therms) vs. Heating Degree Days (HDD) 2,500 Natural Gas Usage (therms) Heating Degree Days (HDD) 2,000 1,500 1, Jan-08 Mar-08 May-08 Jul-08 Sep-08 Nov-08 Jan-09 Mar-09 May-09 Date (Month-Year) Jul-09 Sep-09 Nov-09 1,200 1, HDD 6.2. Tariff analysis Currently, natural gas is supplied to the DPW building by NJNG, sold to the Borough at the prevailing market rate. Typically, the natural gas prices increase during the heating months when natural gas is used by the hot water boiler units. The high natural gas price per therm in the summer may be due to fixed meter costs and low therms used. Natural Gas Price ($/therm) $12.00 $10.00 $8.00 $6.00 $4.00 $2.00 $0.00 Annual Natural Gas Price ($/therm) Dec-08 Natural Gas Rate ($/therm) Average NJ rate ($/therm) Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Date (Month-Year) Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 45/54

46 The DPW building is direct-metered (via one main meter) and currently purchases electricity from JCP&L at a general service rate. The general service rate for electric charges are marketrate based on use and the DPW building billing does show a breakdown of demand costs. Demand prices are reflected in the utility bills and can be verified by observing the price fluctuations throughout the year. Typically, the electricity prices increase during the cooling months when electricity is used by air conditioning equipment Energy Procurement strategies The DPW building receives natural gas from NJNG, which supplies the natural gas and transports it. There is not an ESCO engaged in the process. An Energy Services Company (ESCO) is a consultancy group that engages in a performance based contract with a client firm to implement measures which reduce energy consumption and costs in a technically and financially viable manner. Electricity is also purchased via one incoming meter directly for the DPW building from DPW building electric utility consortium without an ESCO. SWA analyzed the utility rate for natural gas and electricity supply over an extended period. Electric bill analysis shows fluctuations up to 17% over the most recent 12 month period. Some of these fluctuations may have been caused by adjustments between estimated and actual meter readings, others may be due to unusual high and escalating energy costs in The average estimated NJ commercial utility rates for electric and natural gas are $0.150/kWh and $1.55/therm respectively. The DPW building annual electric cost is $750 higher for electric and $1,974 lower for natural gas when compared to the average estimated NJ commercial electric and natural gas rates. SWA recommends that the Borough of Point Pleasant Beach further explore opportunities of purchasing electricity from an ESCO in order to reduce rate fluctuation and ultimately reduce the annual cost of energy for the DPW building. Appendix B contains a complete list of third party energy suppliers for the DPW building service area. The Borough may want to consider partnering with other municipalities, townships and communities to aggregate a substantial electric and natural gas use for better leveraging in negotiations with their local utility and ESCOs. This sort of activity is happening in many parts of the country and in New Jersey. Also, the DPW building would not be eligible for enrollment in a Demand Response Program, because there isn t the capability at this time (without a large capital investment) to shed a minimum of 150 kw electric demand when requested by the utility during peak demand periods, which is the typical threshold for considering this option. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 46/54

47 7. METHOD OF ANALYSIS 7.1. Assumptions and tools Energy modeling tool: Cost estimates: Established / standard industry assumptions, E-Quest RS Means 2009 (Facilities Maintenance & Repair Cost Data) RS Means 2009 (Building Construction Cost Data) RS Means 2009 (Mechanical Cost Data) Published and established specialized equipment material and labor costs Cost estimates also based on utility bill analysis and prior experience with similar projects 7.2. Disclaimer This engineering audit was prepared using the most current and accurate fuel consumption data available for the site. The estimates that it projects are intended to help guide the owner toward best energy choices. The costs and savings are subject to fluctuations in weather, variations in quality of maintenance, changes in prices of fuel, materials, and labor, and other factors. Although we cannot guarantee savings or costs, we suggest that you use this report for economic analysis of the building and as a means to estimate future cash flow. THE RECOMMENDATIONS PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT ARE BASED ON THE RESULTS OF ANALYSIS, INSPECTION, AND PERFORMANCE TESTING OF A SAMPLE OF COMPONENTS OF THE BUILDING SITE. ALTHOUGH CODE-RELATED ISSUES MAY BE NOTED, SWA STAFF HAVE NOT COMPLETED A COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION FOR CODE-COMPLIANCE OR HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES. THE OWNER(S) AND MANAGER(S) OF THE BUILDING(S) CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARE REMINDED THAT ANY IMPROVEMENTS SUGGESTED IN THIS SCOPE OF WORK MUST BE PERFORMED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS THAT APPLY TO SAID WORK. PARTICULAR ATTENTION MUST BE PAID TO ANY WORK WHICH INVOLVES HEATING AND AIR MOVEMENT SYSTEMS, AND ANY WORK WHICH WILL INVOLVE THE DISTURBANCE OF PRODUCTS CONTAINING MOLD, ASBESTOS, OR LEAD. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 47/54

48 Appendix A: Lighting Study Marker Floor Location Existing Fixture Information Retrofit Information Annual Savings Room Identification Fixture Type Ballast Lamp Type # of Fixtures # of Lamps per Fixture Watts per Lamp Controls Operational Hours per Day Operational Days per Year Ballast Wattage Total Watts Energy Use kwh/year 1 GF Office essed Parab E 4'T Sw C ssed Pa 4'T8 E OS GF Garage ling Suspend E 8'T Sw ,875 9,005 N/A g Suspe 8'T8 E Sw GF Lounge essed Parab E 4'T Sw C ssed Pa 4'T8 E OS GF Locker Room essed Parab E 2'T Sw N/A ssed Pa 2'T8 E Sw GF Locker Room 2 eiling Mounte S Inc Sw CFL ng Mou CFL S Sw GF Bathroom essed Parab E 4'T Sw C ssed Pa 4'T8 E OS GF Bathroom essed Parab E 2'T Sw N/A ssed Pa 2'T8 E Sw Ext Exterior Wall Mounted S MH PC ,920 8,410 PSMHall MountPSMH S PC Totals: Category Fixture Type Lamp Type Ballast ,661 19, ,501 18, ,103 Rows Highlighed Yellow Indicate an Energy Conservation Measure is recommended for that space Proposed Lighting Summary Table Total Surface Area (SF) Average Power Cost ($/kwh) 5, Exterior Lighting Existing Proposed Savings Exterior Annual Consumption (kwh) 8,410 7, Exterior Power (watts) 1,920 1, Total Interior Lighting Existing Proposed Savings Annual Consumption (kwh) 19,657 18,554 1,103 Lighting Power (watts) 5,661 5, Lighting Power Density (watts/sf) Estimated Cost of Fixture Replacement ($) Estimated Cost of Controls Improvements ($) Total Consumption Cost Savings ($) 2, Legend Fixture Type Lamp Type Control Type Ballast Type Retrofit Category Exit Sign LED N (None) N/A (None) N/A (None) Screw-in Inc (Incandescent) S (Switch) E (Electronic) T8 (Installl new T8) Pin 1'T5 OS (Occupancy Sensor) M (Magnetic) T5 (Install new T5) Parabolic 2'T5 T (Timer) CFL (Install new CFL) Recessed 3'T5 PC (Photocell) LEDex (Install new LED Exit) 2'U-shape 4'T5 D (Dimming) LED (Install new LED) Circiline 2'T8 DL (Daylight Sensor) D (Delamping) Exterior 3'T8 M (Microphonic Sensor) C (Controls Only) 4'T8 6'T8 8'T8 2'T12 3'T12 4'T12 6'T12 8'T12 CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lightbulb) MR16 MV (Mercury Vapor) MH (Metal Halide) HPS (High Pressure Sodium LPS (Low Pressure Sodium) PSMH (Install new Pulse-Start Metal Halide) Controls # of Fixtures # of Lamps per Fixture Watts per Lamp Operational Hours per Day Operational Days per Year Ballast Watts Total Watts Energy Use kwh/year Fixture Savings (kwh) Controls Savings (kwh) Total Savings (kwh) Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 48/54

49 Appendix B: Third Party Energy Suppliers (ESCOs) Third Party Electric Suppliers for JCPL Service Territory Telephone & Web Site Hess Corporation (800) Hess Plaza Woodbridge, NJ BOC Energy Services, Inc. (800) Mountain Avenue Murray Hill, NJ Commerce Energy, Inc. (800) Route 9 South, Suite Freehold, NJ Constellation NewEnergy, Inc. (888) A Lake Street, Suite 2 Ramsey, NJ Direct Energy Services, LLC (866) Wood Avenue, Suite Iselin, NJ FirstEnergy Solutions (800) Madison Avenue Morristown, NJ Glacial Energy of New Jersey, Inc. (877) LaRoche Avenue Harrington Park, NJ Integrys Energy Services, Inc. (877) Wood Ave, South, Suite Iselin, NJ Liberty Power Delaware, LLC (866) Park 80 West Plaza II, Suite Saddle Brook, NJ Liberty Power Holdings, LLC (800) Park 80 West Plaza II, Suite Saddle Brook, NJ Pepco Energy Services, Inc. (800) Main St. Lebanon, NJ PPL EnergyPlus, LLC (800) Church Road Cherry Hill, NJ Sempra Energy Solutions (877) Main Street, 8th Floor Woodbridge, NJ South Jersey Energy Company (800) One South Jersey Plaza, Route 54 Folsom, NJ Suez Energy Resources NA, Inc. (888) Thornall Street, 6th Floor Edison, NJ UGI Energy Services, Inc. (856) East Main Street, Suite 1 Moorestown, NJ Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 49/54

50 Third Party Gas Suppliers for NJNG Service Territory Telephone & Web Site Cooperative Industries (800) Washington Avenue Belleville, NJ Direct Energy Services, LLC (866) Wood Avenue, Suite Iselin, NJ Gateway Energy Services Corp. (800) Whispering Pines Lane Lakewood, NJ UGI Energy Services, Inc. (856) East Main Street, Suite 1 Moorestown, NJ Hess Corporation (800) Hess Plaza Woodbridge, NJ Intelligent Energy (800) Center Avenue, Suite Fort Lee, NJ Metromedia Energy, Inc. (877) Industrial Way Eatontown, NJ MxEnergy, Inc. (800) Thornall Street, Suite Edison, NJ NATGASCO (Mitchell Supreme) (800) Freeman Street Orange, NJ NJ Gas & Electric (866) Bridge Plaza, Fl. 2 Fort Lee, NJ Pepco Energy Services, Inc. (800) Main Street Lebanon, NJ PPL EnergyPlus, LLC (800) Church Road Cherry Hill, NJ South Jersey Energy Company (800) One South Jersey Plaza, Route 54 Folsom, NJ Sprague Energy Corp. (800) Ridge Road Chatham Township, NJ Woodruff Energy (800) Water Street Bridgeton, NJ Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 50/54

51 Appendix C Glossary and Method of Calculations Glossary of ECM Terms. Net ECM Cost: The net ECM cost is the cost experienced by the customer, which is typically the total cost (materials + labor) of installing the measure minus any available incentives. Both the total cost and the incentive amounts are expressed in the summary for each ECM. Annual Energy Cost Savings (AECS): This value is determined by the audit firm based on the calculated energy savings (kwh or Therm) of each ECM and the calculated energy costs of the building. Lifetime Energy Cost Savings (LECS): This measure estimates the energy cost savings over the lifetime of the ECM. It can be a simple estimation based on fixed energy costs. If desired, this value can factor in an annual increase in energy costs as long as the source is provided. Simple Payback: This is a simple measure that displays how long the ECM will take to breakeven based on the annual energy and maintenance savings of the measure. ECM Lifetime: This is included with each ECM so that the owner can see how long the ECM will be in place and whether or not it will exceed the simple payback period. Additional guidance for calculating ECM lifetimes can be found below. This value can come from manufacturer s rated lifetime or warranty, the ASHRAE rated lifetime, or any other valid source. Operating Cost Savings (OCS): This calculation is an annual operating savings for the ECM. It is the difference in the operating, maintenance, and / or equipment replacement costs of the existing case versus the ECM. In the case where an ECM lifetime will be longer than the existing measure (such as LED lighting versus fluorescent) the operating savings will factor in the cost of replacing the units to match the lifetime of the ECM. In this case or in one where one-time repairs are made, the total replacement / repair sum is averaged over the lifetime of the ECM. Return on Investment (ROI): The ROI is expresses the percentage return of the investment based on the lifetime cost savings of the ECM. This value can be included as an annual or lifetime value, or both. Net Present Value (NPV): The NPV calculates the present value of an investment s future cash flows based on the time value of money, which is accounted for by a discount rate (assumes bond rate of 3.2%). Internal Rate of Return (IRR): The IRR expresses an annual rate that results in a break-even point for the investment. If the owner is currently experiencing a lower return on their capital than the IRR, the project is financially advantageous. This measure also allows the owner to compare ECMs against each other to determine the most appealing choices. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 51/54

52 ECM = Energy Conservation Measure AOCS = Annual Operating Cost Savings AECS = Annual Energy Cost Savings LOCS = Lifetime Operating Cost Savings LECS = Lifetime Energy Cost Savings LCS = Lifetime Cost Savings NPV = Net Present Value IRR = Internal Rate of Return DR = Discount Rate Net ECM Cost = Total ECM Cost Incentive LECS = AECS X ECM Lifetime AOCS = LOCS / ECM Lifetime LCS = LOCS+LECS Calculation References Note: The lifetime operating cost savings are all avoided operating, maintenance, and / or component replacement costs over the lifetime of the ECM. This can be the sum of any annual operating savings, recurring or bulk (i.e. one-time repairs) maintenance savings, or the savings that comes from avoiding equipment replacement needed for the existing measure to meet the lifetime of the ECM (e.g. lighting change outs). Simple Payback = Net ECM Cost / (AECS + AOCS) Lifetime ROI = (LECS + LOCS Net ECM Cost) / Net ECM Cost Annual ROI = (Lifetime ROI / Lifetime) = (AECS + OCS) / Net ECM Cost 1 / Lifetime It is easiest to calculate the NPV and IRR using a spreadsheet program like Excel. Excel NPV and IRR Calculation In Excel, function =IRR(values) and =NPV(rate, values) are used to quickly calculate the IRR and NPV of a series of annual cash flows. The investment cost will typically be a negative cash flow at year 0 (total cost - incentive) with years 1 through the lifetime receiving a positive cash flow from the annual energy cost savings and annual maintenance savings. The calculations in the example below are for an ECM that saves $850 annually in energy and maintenance costs (over a 10 year lifetime) and takes $5,000 to purchase and install after incentives: Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 52/54

53 ECM and Equipment Lifetimes Determining a lifetime for equipment and ECM s can sometimes be difficult. The following table contains a list of lifetimes that the NJCEP uses in its commercial and industrial programs. Other valid sources are also used to determine lifetimes, such as the DOE, ASHRAE, or the manufacturer s warranty. Lighting is typically the most difficult lifetime to calculate because the fixture, ballast, and bulb can all have different lifetimes. Essentially the ECM analysis will have different operating cost savings (avoided equipment replacement) depending on which lifetime is used. When the bulb lifetime is used (rated burn hours / annual burn hours), the operating cost savings is just reflecting the theoretical cost of replacing the existing case bulb and ballast over the life of the recommended bulb. Dividing by the bulb lifetime will give an annual operating cost savings. When a fixture lifetime is used (e.g. 15 years) the operating cost savings reflects the avoided bulb and ballast replacement cost of the existing case over 15 years minus the projected bulb and ballast replacement cost of the proposed case over 15 years. This will give the difference of the equipment replacement costs between the proposed and existing cases and when divided by 15 years will give the annual operating cost savings.. Point Pleasant Beach DPW building SWA, Inc. - Local Government Energy Audit Report Page 53/54