Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings through Energy Services The example of Germany

Transcription

1 through Energy Services The example of Germany Michael Geissler CEO Berlin Energy Agency Odessa, 1 June 2016

2 Contents Berliner Energieagentur (BEA) Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings Energy Services Energy Supply Contracting Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Berlin Energy Saving Partnership EU-wide Experiences with EPC Conclusion

3 Berliner Energieagentur (BEA)

4 Berliner Energieagentur (BEA) Facts and Figures (I) Established in 1992 by the Berlin House of Representatives Shareholders Federal State of Berlin Vattenfall Europe GASAG KfW Banking Group Capital stock 2.5 million Annual total turnover 12.9 million Energy Services Contracting Consulting International Know-How Transfer Based in Französische Straße Berlin Phone: (030) Internet: Company earnings (EBIT) 913,000 Know-how 54 members of staff

5 Berliner Energieagentur (BEA) Facts and Figures (II) more than 20 years of experience in energy efficiency founded in 1992 by the State of Berlin specialist in energy efficiency in buildings provides consultancy on energy concepts, energy management and user behaviour in Berlin, Germany and beyond owns and operates more than 120 decentralized energy generation systems (CHP units and PV systems) internationally a leading advisor on energy service models and energy-efficient technologies 5

6 BEA International Market Development for Energy Services (selection) Romania Technical assistance for EPC pilot projects for public buildings and street lighting in municipalities ( ) Monaco Preparation and successful tender of an EPC pilot project for public buildings ( ) Indonesia Development of an ESCO business model for industrial areas (2012) Mongolia Project development for EPC in a public building (2012) Russia Support in developing guidelines on energy service models for multi-storey dwellings ( )

7 Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings

8 EU Policy Framework for Energy Efficiency EU Energy and Climate Package % reduction in GHG emissions (reference year: 1990) 27% share of renewables in final energy consumption 27% reduction in total primary energy supply (reference year: 2005) EU Energy Efficiency Directive Folie 8 obligation for public sector to procure energy-efficient products and services refurbishment of public building stock: each year, national governments have to refurbish 3% of their buildings public sector as a role model promotion of energy services, Juli 2011

9 Public Building Stock Germany 190,000 public buildings in total 4,200 buildings owned by the federal government 6,500 buildings owned by the Länder 176,000 buildings owned by municipalities cost for implementation of EU 3% refurbishment rate: 40 billion Berlin buildings of State and district administrations energy costs: 107 million per year energy demand of State buildings: 820 GWh/a (= energy demand of almost 400,000 households in Berlin per year)

10 Obstacles and Challenges in Public Buildings and Budgets Savings in the long run call for short-term investments High need for investment vs. constrained public households Field of activity for... public-private cooperation integration of private services Energy service provider brings in... Investment Know-how / experience Benefits for building owner: Reduction in operating costs Operational reliability positive effects on the environment

11 Energy-Saving Potential in Public Buildings Example of hospitals: On-site generation: use of condensing technology, CHP unit, absorption chiller, switch from steam to hot water (20-50%) VAC: needs-based operation of ventilation and air-conditioning system (time flow and volume flow) (20-50%) Lighting: T5-EVG, LED (20-50%) photo: isave photo: econlux

12 Energy Services

13 ESCO Market Germany Germany is Europe s largest and most mature ESCO market. Pioneer market in Energy Services with stable growth Estimation of German Energy Services Market (2013): total revenue: 3-4 bn total revenue until 2023: bn number of ESCOs: Source: Joint Research Centre (JRC), Energy Service Companies Market in Europe Status Report 2013

14 ESCO Models in Germany x% Market share 5% Energy Operation Contracting Energy efficient operation of existing equipment/appliances (no investment) Energy supply Invoicing of energy delivered 85% Energy Supply Contracting Planning, financing, implementation Operation (EE optimisation) Energy supply Invoicing of energy delivered 10% Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Planning, financing, implementation, (operation), maintenance System responsibility for equipment and users behaviour Energy management/ Controlling Invoicing of reduced energy consumption

15 Energy Services Stakeholders Energy supplier e.g. Energy utility Customer e.g. Public institution Company Facilitator e.g. Energy agency Consultant Financing institution e.g. Bank Public fund Private investor ESCO e.g. Energy utility Engineering company Energy agency Institutions setting legal framework e.g. Parliament Energy authority Subcontractors, suppliers etc. e.g. Builders Suppliers Insurances

16 Energy Services General Financing Options Financing through client Renumeration of services and investment Financing through ESCO (credit) Financing through ESCO (forfaiting) Sale of receivables Cash Advance Renumeration of ESCO investment

17 Energy Supply Contracting General Project Scheme local gas supplier Berlin Energy Agency (ESCO) energy services customer back-up supply re-feeding local electricity utility financing, planning, construction & operation of supply unit heating, cooling, electricity emergency power

18 Energy Supply Contracting Trigeneration Service complex Königstadt-Terrassen Service and commercial complex, 40,000 m² Natural gas boiler running at low temperature: 1,900 kw 2 natural gas operated CHP units: each 120 kwel, 214 kwth Absorption chiller unit: 350 kw Emergency current: 220 kva Amount of enery savings: 2,500 MWh p.a. CO 2 savings: 700 t p.a. Königstadt-Terrassen Schönhauser Allee, Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg Gas-absorption chiller (Carrier, LiBr, single-lift)

19 Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) General Project Scheme Public authority / Building owner remuneration saving guarantee ESCO remuneration Facilities/sites natural gas district heat electricity oil Utilities Gas, electricity and/or fuel supply companies Co-ordination Supply Technical issues

20 Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Contract Content Key elements: Guaranteed services of the ESCO Energy saving guarantee and share of savings for the client Hardware investments (amount and structure) Energy controlling system, maintenance Compliance with required comfort levels User motivation concept (e.g. incentive schemes) Verification of energy savings and remuneration Liability / collaterals / crisis management

21 Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Risk Allocation Risk of use Energy price risk Technical risk Economic risk Ownership by building owner; change of use modification of guaranteed savings by building owner; rising prices protection of contractor decreasing prices benefit for building owner by ESCO; guarantee of performance, technical condition & availability by ESCO; for the total investment into EPC schemes Equipment transferred into the property of building owner at the moment of installation and/or hand-over

22 Berlin Energy Saving Partnership A Role Model for EPC Total number of pools: 27 more than 1,400 buildings Guaranteed savings in total: 12.5 million (25.5%) Annual plus to the public household: 2.8 million Total CO 2 reduction ( ): approx. 800,000 t Total net investment: 55 million

23 Berlin Energy Saving Partnership Main Clients Schools, Universities Cultural centres Trade and commerce, housing associations 5% Administrative buildings Hospitals 20% Public authorities 75% Sports facilities Prisons Hospitals

24 Best Practice District Steglitz-Zehlendorf Pool: Baseline: Guaranteed savings: Invest: CO 2 reduction: 69 buildings (schools, kindergarten, gyms) 1.84 m p.a. 29.4% = 541,679 p.a. about 2.8 m 3,973 t p.a. Duration of contract: 14 years (start in 2005) Measures: new boilers in 11 buildings, switch from coal/heat oil to gas, building automation, modernisation of lighting 100,000 for Renewable energy technologies, e.g. solar thermal systems

25 Best Practice Wenckebach Hospital Berlin Building: Baseline: Guaranteed savings: Invest: CO 2 reduction: public-owned hospital with 438 beds 808,359 p.a. 39.6% = 320,000 p.a million 1,789 t/a Duration of contract: 12 years (start in 2011) Measures: Special feature: modernisation of heat distribution, cooling and ventilation system, installation of CHP unit, web-based energy management system, user trainings insulation of top storey ceilings

26 Best Practice Berliner Immobilienmanagement GmbH Pool: 18 office buildings (about 300,000 sqm GFA) Costs [ / a] Energy Energy costs costs before before EPC EPC m Savings Reduced 1 st costs contract 1. EPC 25 % Share of customer Contracting rate Share of customer Contracting rate Savings Reduced 2 nd costs contract 2. EPC 21 % Reduced energy costs after EPC Start of contract Start of 1 st contract 2008 End of 1. contract End of 1 Sart of 2. st contract contract = Start of 2 nd contract 2018 End of 2 nd contract Time Time [yea [years] Renewal of heating pumps and heating circuit Use of electronic regulation and building automation systems for heating and ventilation Use of highly efficient heating pumps Hydraulic compensation of heating system Use of CHP

27 Best Practice EPC light Building Pool in Berlin district Pankow Buildings: 12 schools, 1 art centre, 1 youth facility, 1 office building Baseline 2009: 883,000 p.a. Guaranteed savings: 10.2% = 90,037 p.a. Share/payment to ESCO: 5.00% = 44,118 p.a. CO 2 reduction: 3,973 t p.a. Contract duration: 2 years Tesla secondary school Service of the ESCO: active optimization of heating and ventilation by building control systems; analysis of consumption, monitoring of meters; control of the invoices of supply companies; energy reporting every 6 months, weak-point analysis

28 Berlin Energy Saving Partnership Experiences and Results guaranteed energy savings achieved in most contracts, high savings up to 35% feasible 27 contracts operated by 15 different ESCOs, around 100 subcontractors (regional SMEs) involved in implementation and maintenance good quality of saving measures because of expertise of ESCOs, rising experience and improvement of cost-effectiveness additional improvement of maintenance situation by central coordination through ESCO no legal proceedings or need to use bank guarantees so far re-tendering after end of contract leads to new investments and additional savings

29 Berlin Energy Saving Partnership Facilitation by BEA Client (State, hospital, etc.) Assignment Consultancy Berlin Energy Agency (BEA) Facilitator Technical-economic requirements, Negotiations Energy Saving Guarantee Contract Energy Saving Partner ESCO

30 Berlin Energy Saving Partnership Proven Project Schedule Project preparation and development Competitive Tendering Project implementation Involvement of decision-makers: information and training workshops for public authorities concerned Research of building data (energy cost baseline, user requirements) and framework conditions (e.g. ESCO market) Pre-selection of buildings on-site visits and energy audits Adaptation of EPC model contract to national legislation (Pre-tender) ESCO workshop for potential bidders on project (tender documents, model contract, assessment criteria) Call for tender with pre-selected ESCOs Evaluation of offers (cost-benefit analysis and evaluation of technical concept), pre-selection of best offers 2 rounds of negotiations and determination of best offer Technical and procedural advice throughout the process

31 EU-wide Experiences with EPC

32 Best Practice EPC Principality of Monaco Building pool: 5 public buildings Guaranteed savings: 27% Invest: > 2 million CO 2 reduction: 35% Duration of contract: 12 years (start in 2012) Measures: use of high-efficiency heat pumps, installation of Building Management Systems (BMS), improvement of the building controls, lighting replacement, installation of smart meters, oil boilers replacement by gas boilers, energy conservation education to occupants

33 Conclusion

34 Lessons Learned Criteria and Conditions of Success Driving force: Political decision makers and public authorities who take on responsibility Reliable legal framework: Clear information that energy services are possible Favourable public procurement rules, tender procedure and accounting rules Standardized procedures and contracts (while adaptable): Time and cost-effectiveness for implementation reliability Competition and transparency Promotion and capacity building Information and assistance through independent market facilitators

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