Heating and Cooling of Industrial Buildings with Shallow Geothermal Energy

Transcription

1 Heating and Cooling of Industrial Buildings with Shallow Geothermal Energy

2 IGO International Geothermal Office Tasks and Objectives: Furtherance international activities for German geothermal-players Enhancement export opportunities for German companies Transfer of technology, know-how and information between universities, industry and the community Establishment and expansion of the scientific network with partner universities and research institutions Implementation and networking of applied research between universities and industry Increasing the level of awareness of geothermal energy knowledge transfer amongst the general public, politicians, public administrators and decision makers Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 2

3 BVG - Bundesverband Geothermie e.v. - German Geothermal Association The German Geothermal Association (BVG), established in 1991, currently has about 600 active companies and individual members. With members coming from a variety of different professions, the BVG advocates the use of all existing geothermal technologies ranging from shallow to deep, and the cooling, heating, and production of electricity. The following are the main functions of the BVG: Informing the public about the advantages and the possible uses of the technology Dialogue with politicians and political leaders Improvement of the frame conditions and the political situation on a national-, European- and international level The support of technological development and researches More information: Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 3

4 More Information International Geothermal Centre (GZB) German Geothermal Association (BGV) International Geothermal Association (IGA) IEA Geothermal German Heat pump Association (BWP) European Heat pump Association (EHPA) Think Geoenergy Staatliche Geologische Dienste Deutschlands Geothermal Information System for Germany Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy Federal Office for Econimic Affairs and Export Control Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 4

5 Geothermal Energy Source and Definition The Earth Temperatures in the Earth Mantle Outer Core Crust Temperatures 54 F 7,200 F Depht 1,250 mi 2,500 mi Inner Core 9,000 F 3,700 mi Geothermal Energy is the energy stored beneath the surface of the solid earth in form of heat (VDI 4640 regulation). Synonyms include Geothermal Heat. Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 5

6 Geothermal Energy - Source 99% of the Earth is hoter than 1,000 C 99 % ot the rest is hotter than 100 C Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 6

7 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies Geothermal systems can be classified under various aspects: shallow and deep geothermal energy, the depth of the heat exploitation type of use of geothermal energy. different energy extraction technologies different geoscientific parameters Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 7

8 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies In the case of shallow geothermal energy, the geothermal heat is extracted from shallow depths within the earth down to 150 m, e.g. by using: ground heat collectors, borehole heat exchangers (BHE), groundwater wells or energy piles. Heating and Cooling of Buildings This shallow geothermal energy can only be exploited by using heat pumps. Technical work is necessary to raise the heat from a lower to a higher temperature level. Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 8

9 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies Deep geothermal energy involves systems in which the geothermal energy is extracted by deep wells and the energy can be used directly. According to this definition, deep geothermal energy comprises depths of more than 400 m (in Germany!) and temperatures exceeding 20 C. Generally it is more common to restrict the term deep geothermal energy to depths of below 1,000 m and temperatures exceeding 60 C. Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 9

10 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies Deep geothermal energy includes the following systems which are defined by the enthalpy. The enthalpy categorizes the heat content and is a measure of the energy within a thermo-dynamic system. Hydrothermal systems with low enthalpy Hydrothermal systems with high enthalpy Petrothermal systems Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 10

11 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies Deep geothermal energy: hydrothermal systems with low enthalpy: Primarily thermal water located underground is directly (or if necessary via a heat exchanger) used to feed district heating systems, for agricultural, for industrial, or for balneological purposes. Aquifers with thermal (> 20 C), warm ( C) or hot (> 100 C) water Temperatures above approx. 100 C allow the generation of electricity. Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 11

12 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies Deep geothermal energy: Hydrothermal systems with high enthalpy Use of steam or two-phase systems for power generation. not existing in Germany! Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 12

13 Different Types of Geothermal Energy Utilisation / Technologies Deep geothermal energy: Petrothermal systems Mainly involves utilisation of the energy stored in the rock. Hot-Dry-Rock-Systems (HDR) or Enhanced-Geothermal-Systems (EGS) These systems extract energy from the rock itself they are therefore largely independent of water-bearing structures. The hot rock (generally the crystalline basement) is used as a heat exchanger. HDR / EGS systems are primarily used for power generation. Source: BMWi (2014):Deep Geothermal Energy Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 13

14 Shallow Geothermal Energy ØT GL = 7 11 C (BRD) Geothermal Gradient Ø 3 K/100 m 20 m 10 C Neutral Zone 120 m 13 C Heat Flow out off the Earth ca. 0,03-0,2 W/m m 16 C Source: Erdwärmenutzung in Hessen Leitfaden für Erdwärmesondenanlagen zum Heizen und Kühlen Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 14

15 Ground Source Heat Pump Systems heat source heat pump heating circulation 3 kw geothermal power coefficient of performance (COP) = 4 kw (heating power) 1 kw (electric power) = 4 1 kw electric power Source: Baden-Württemberg - Leitfaden zur Nutzung von Erdwärme mit Erdwärmesonden 4 kw heating power Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 15

16 Ground Source Heat Pump Systems Heating and Cooling winter: heat from the ground in the house Source: Baden-Württemberg - Leitfaden zur Nutzung von Erdwärme mit Erdwärmesonden summer: heat from the house in the gound Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 16

17 Heat pump systems with borehole heat exchanger (BHE) Pros: high efficiency β > 3,5 generally accepted and approved technique and material easy to maintain low space requirements allowed to build over big loads are possible almost everywhere possible heating and cooling Cons: high initial cost water law procedure required Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Source: Bundesverband Wärmepumpe (BWP) e.v. Folie 17

18 Heat pump systems with groundwater wells Pros: high efficiency β > 5 low space requirements big loads are possible heating and cooling Cons: high investigation and planning effort (pumping test, modeling, water analysis, dissolved matter (Fe, Mn, O 2 ) water law procedure required specific hydrogeological conditions required high-maintenance Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 18

19 Project Procedure Design / Planning Consulting Pre-arrangement Construction Operation SGE = Shallow Geothermal Engineering HVAC = Heating, Ventilation Air Conditioning Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 19

20 Project Procedure Consulting Pre-arrangement Basic Evaluation Preliminary Design SGE Consulting of developer Pre-feasibility study (technical / permit procedure) Evaluation of location, first estimation of geothermal potential Comparison of layouts First estimated design of geothermal facility Geothermal survey (pilot well + EGRT) HVAC Consulting of developer First evaluation of demand for heating / cooling and load Economical check of geothermal solution Fundamental evaluation of object ability for geothermal energy Precise evaluation of heating / cooling demand Estimated design of building services Preferred alternative Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 20

21 Project Procedure Final Design Building Permission Application Execution Drawings Tendering Preperation Tendering Assistance SGE Planning of geothermal facility Preparation of permitting documents Detailed design of geothermal facility Preparation of tender documents Tendering assistance HVAC Planning of building services Application for building permission Detailed design of building services Preparation of tender documents Tendering assistance Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 21

22 Project Procedure Construction SGE Project assistance Monitoring Construction supervision HVAC Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 22

23 Project Procedure Operation Project Control and Documentation SGE Acceptance of contract works Compilation of documents and Handover to developer and local authorities Optimization of operation Adjustment to user HVAC Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 23

24 Relevant Laws for Geothermal Projects German Federal Mining Act German Mineral Deposit Act Water Acts of the federal states Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 24

25 Approval Procedure 16 Federal States in Germany Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 25

26 Hydrogeological Site Assessment Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 26

27 Hydrogeological Site Assessment Water Acts of the Federal States Multi-aquifer formation untight borehole Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 27

28 Geothermical Site Assessment Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 28

29 Geothermal Site Investigation Pilot Borehole Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 29

30 Geothermal Site Investigation Pilot Borehole Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 30

31 Geothermal Site Investigation Pilot Borehole EGRT Cable Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 31

32 Geothermal Site Investigation Pilot Borehole Grouting of the annular spacing geological profile BHE construction Grouting pump Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 32

33 Geothermal Site Investigation Pilot Borehole Sampling of grouting suspension Densimetry of the grouting suspension for quality check Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 33

34 Geothermal Site Investigation - EGRT Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 34

35 Geothermal Site Investigation - EGRT geological profile thermal conductivity of the underground undisturped temperature of the underground boreholeresistant Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 35

36 Geothermal Site Investigation - EGRT Ø l = 2,2 W/m/K l max = 2,8 W/m/K Ø T = 14,1 C T max = 16,4 C D T max = 4,6 K/100 m Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 36

37 Geothermal Site Investigation - EGRT Ø l = 2,1 W/m/K l max = 3,0 W/m/K Ø T = 9,5 C T max = 10,0 C D T = 0,0 K/100 m Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 37

38 Software for Geothermal Planning Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 38

39 Energy Requirement for Heating and Cooling Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 39

40 Energy Requirement for Heating and Cooling Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 40

41 Peakload Baseload bivalente Systems peakload conventional with oil or gas baseload % with heatpump Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 41

42 Peakload Baseload bivalente Systems Peak load Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 42

43 Peakload Baseload bivalente Systems Peak load cut Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 43

44 Peakload Baseload bivalente Systems Peak load cut Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 44

45 Peakload Baseload bivalente Systems Peak load cut Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 45

46 Peakload Baseload bivalente Systems Peak load cut Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 46

47 Modeling Temperature and Groundwater Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 47

48 Modeling Temperature and Groundwater Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 48

49 Fraport Terminal 3 Pilot Boreholes /EGRT EWS P1 EWS P2 EWS P3 Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 49

50 Fraport Terminal 3 Pilot Boreholes /EGRT Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 50

51 Fraport Terminal 3 Parking Garage Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 51

52 Fraport Terminal 3 Parking Garage (detail) Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 52

53 Distribution Champer Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 53

54 Distribution Champer Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 54

55 Distribution Champer TacoSetter- Bypass Oventrop circuit control valves TacoSetter- Inline Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 55

56 Modelling groundwater flow and spread of temperature Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 56

57 Modelling groundwater flow and spread of temperature Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 57

58 Shallow Geothermal Energy: Campus Bielefeld Fachhochschule ENUS FBIIS Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 58

59 Shallow Geothermal Energy: Campus Bielefeld FBIIS 24 BHE á 85 m Free heating = 28 kw Free cooling = 63 kw University 406 Energy Piles á 8 m Heat Pump = 260 kw Free cooling = 356 kw ENUS with cafeteria 81 BHE á 85 m Heat Pump = 390 kw Free cooling = 300 kw Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 59

60 GZB International Geothermal Centre, Bochum GeoStar at the GZB: Geothermal Heating (160 kw) 16 x 200 m BHE Heatpump direct Cooling (85 kw) Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 60

61 Thank you for your kind attention Dr. Claus Heske Director of the International Geothermal Office IGO Representative of the German Geothermal Association - BVG T: E: claus.heske@geothermie.de c/o GZB-International Geothermal Centre Hochschule Bochum Lennershofstraße 140 Germany Bochum Herzlichen Dank für die Förderung mit Mitteln des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen unter Einsatz von Mitteln aus dem Europäischen Fonds für Regionale Entwicklung (EFRE) OP EFRE NRW Investitionen in Wachstum und Beschäftigung Many thanks to the state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) for funding within the framework of the programme European Fund for Regional Development (EFRE) Dr. Claus Heske International Geothermal Office - IGO Lima Dezentrale Strom- und Wärmeversorgung mit Erneuerbaren Energien in Peru Folie 61

62 International Geothermal Office