1. GANDOR Workshop. Essen, Volker Wittig GZB- International Geothermal Centre. Roman Ignacy GZB- International Geothermal Centre

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1 1. GANDOR Workshop Essen, Volker Wittig GZB- International Geothermal Centre Roman Ignacy GZB- International Geothermal Centre Dr. Eckehard Büscher International Geothermal Office

2 Content Energy dependencies Why Geothermal Developements in Germany Some Projects 2

3 The Import Dependancy of Germany concerning Energy is about 70% Import Dependancy of German Energy Supply 2013 [PJ] % % 13% 97% 100% Inlandsanteil Importanteil % 88% 87% 3% 0% Mineralöl Erdgas Steinkohle Erneuerbare Braunkohle Source: AG Energiebilanzen, März

4 Independence of Germany from Russian Gas how and how fast? mr-kartographie.de 4

5 Germany gets ~ 38% of ist Natural Gas from Russia German Sources of Natural Gas % 38% Anteil des Erdgasbezugs 30% 20% 10% 0% Source: Statista % 20% Russland Niederlande Norwegen Deutschland Dänemark, Großbritannien und Sonstige 10% Consumption 900 TWh/a Natural Gas 6% 5

6 Potentials of the Energy Saving Activities [TWh] 500 langfristig Gebäudesanierung Wärmepumpen Biomasse Power-to-heat Solarthermie Source SPIEGEL ONLINE 6

7 System Earth Structure of the earth 99% of the earth s temperature >1,000 C 99,9% > 100 C Dr. Eckehard Büscher IGO 7

8 Source: BMU 8

9 Design of geothermal heat pump systems basic principles Best possible insulation of building Optimized design of the hydraulic; supervising construction and adjustment of the hydraulic system High number of operation hours per year Underfloor heating Heat pump system Lowest possible flow temperature for heating circuit Heat pump power as low as possible = rather under dimensioned Horizontal ground heat collector Baskets Least possible number of boreholes = rather deeper boreholes instead of additional boreholes Energy piles Slit walls Groundwater well Heat exchanger as big as possible = rather over dimensioned Borehole heat exchangers 9

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13 Situation in Geothermal Germany 300,000 shallow projects 23 deep projects operational (5 with electricity) 15 deep projects under construction (11 with electricity) > 40 deep projects in planning phase + engineering experience with power plants + disadvantageous geological situation + experience with project management - lack of operational experience in GPP 13

14 >150 Concessions Baden Württemberg (Rhine Graben) > 20 concessions Bavaria (Molasse-Basin) > 100 concessions LGRB, 2006 BAOB, 2008

15 Location: Upper Rhine Rift Landau System: hydrothermal Primary operation: electricity Secondary operation: district heating Reservoir temperature: >160 C Borehole depth: 3000 m / 3340 m Discharge: 70 l/s Electric capacity: 3 Mw e Thermal capacity installed: 33 MW t Geothermal capacity installed: 6 MW t Source: GeotIS, LIAG 15

16 2005 first borehole (production well) with 3300 m depth 3000 m TVD / 3300 m MD Landau 2006 second borehole (injection well) with 3170 m depth 3000 m TVD / 3340 m MD 2007 operation of power plant 2010 operation of district heating Thermal capacity: 3 MW t households CO 2 - savings: 11,000 t/a Source: geox GmbH 16

17 Landau Production-/Injection well and feed pump Distance at surface 5 m Distance subsurface 1.5 km Feed pump 17 Source: geox GmbH

18 Landau Seperator Preheater and Evaporator Source: geox GmbH 18

19 Landau Generator Air-cooled condesors Source: geox GmbH 19

20 Landau seismic events in Aug. / Sept (max. Magnitude 2.7) Analysis of interrelation with operation of power plant Uprating of insurance coverage Installation of an seismic measuring network Conclusion: operation of power plant causes seismicity Reduction of flow rate and pressure lowers risk Measuring of micro seismic events could forecast earthquakes Hazard analysis in cooperation of economy and science 20

21 Geothermal Power Plant in Insheim/Germany Opening November 15,

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23 Marketshare of DH in Europe Nah/Fernwärmeanteil Quelle: Euroheat & Power 23

24 Source: EGEC

25 Geothermal District Heating in Europe 5,000 DH-network in Europe 216 Geothermal DH Networks (2011: 212), EU-27: 157 4,900 MW th (2011: 4,700 MW th ), EU-27: 1,622 MW th Until 2015 additional 2,000 MW th Range of capacity: mostly 0,5 50 MW th, Paris Basin: 230 MW th 900 MW th geothermal Power to heat sites Source: EGEC

26 Development Area First systems in regions with simple hydrothermal systems Since 30 years: Paris basin, Bavaria, Pannonian basin (Hungary, Serbia, Romania, Slowakia) and Thisted (Denmark) Most intensive extension: Paris, Munic, Hungary Always in all countries possible Germany France Turkey Hungary Denmark 2 15 Source: EGEC 12 27

27 Estimated Development for the Capacity of DH- Systems Bertani, et al., 2012, p

28 Geothermal Use in the Balkan Region Installed Capacity (MWt) in 2004 Installed Capacity (MWt) in

29 District Heating and Cooling in Germany There will be more in the afternoon session 31

30 Case study: Exzenterhaus Bochum Geothermal supply of the Eccentric house Office building with 5,000 m² total floor space 15 floors Total height 89 m Pre-stressed concrete slab Glass front 32

31 Bivalent heating and cooling system Heating system Base load by geothermal energy Concrete Core Activation Peak load by district heating Radiators and Ventilation system Cooling system Base load by geothermal energy Concrete Core Activation Peak load by chillers Ventilation system 33

32 Simulation of the heat exchanger field by FeFlow 34

33 Bridge Berkenthin 91meter, 130 kw Tempering of Bridges and Points with Geothermal Heat Dr 35

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36 Siemens office building 38

37 Mosque in Cologne 39

38 12 C 19 C 40

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40 Therme Erding Oil Drilling in 1983 encountered aquifer in 2350m depth Source: 62 C thermal water 1.5 million visitors per year Thermal water is also used for district heating Drilling: doublet Thermal water: 62 C depth: or 2.100m Installed geothermal output Terminal value heating plant I 30 MW direct heatexchange from thermal water 3.3 MW Absorption heat pump 7 MW Terminal value heating plant II 33 MW direct heat exchange from thermal water 1.6 MW Absorption heat pump 7 MW Commissioning Heating plant I: 1998 Heating plant II: 2009 Source: Photo: Buersachs 43

41 GZB International Geothermal Center 44

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43 Hybrid Solutions: Energy-producing Greenhouses bis zu maximal 70 C aus den SunRay-Modulen Niedertemperaturheizung C für das Gewächshaus Saisonale Wärmespeicherung ca. 40 C 46

44 Risk trend of a geothermal project high Risk Pre-Feasibility Study Exploration Borehole Exploration Never No Risk!! low Borehole 1 Borehole 2 Plant Construction Operating 47

45 Future Developments in Middle Europe 48

46 Cordial Invitation Geothermal Congress DGK 2014 Essen, Germany, Nov