Financing Implementation of the Water Related SDGs in Myanmar

Transcription

1 3 rd Asia-Pacific Water Summit Financing Implementation of the Water Related SDGs in Myanmar Dr. Wah Wah Maung Director General Central Statistical Organization Ministry of Planning and Finance Myanmar

2 Water Based Economy Water quantify the economic value of water resources return on investments in environmental restoration and water-related infrastructure, and the ecosystem benefits and services Based advancing the Blue Economy Economy ensuring that businesses, communities and agriculture are able to leverage the abundant water resources to support strong economies and a high quality of life for residents

3 Sustained Use of Water Population Growth Urbanization Process Industrial Growth Transport: Water Ways, Marine Agriculture Inefficient Use of Water Resources, Water Management System, Climate Change Pressure to Water Management System

4 Financing Resilient Water Infrastructure and Services Financing Water Financing of a sustainable water sector can focus SDGs 2030 Agenda Can achieve a number of targets Growth with equity Strategic Framework, Policies and Action Plan Sector Financing Sources: State Budget, Grant, Loans, International Assistance, PPP

5 Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension I Household water security covers both drinking water (SDG target 6.1) and sanitation (SDG target 6.2), both have clear targets (100% coverage by 2030)

6 Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension II Economic Water Security Asia and the Pacific faces a serious water threat Water demand in agriculture, industry, and the domestic sectors will increase by 30% 40% in 2050.

7 Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension Urban Water Security water systems in the city as source of supply (drinking water) and threat (flooding) toward a more comprehensive water-sensitive cities approach. High infrastructure requirements to improve the wastewater and flooding components of the urban water security dimension

8 Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension Environmental Water Security Index of environmental water security (KD4) quantifies the pressures on the health of flowing surface waters across the region (i) the river health index (RHI), the inverse of a metric of threat to water security, that incorporates the potential impacts of many variables that tend to have detrimental impacts on river health; (ii) flow alteration, which describes the extent to which rivers are changed due to dams, weirs, and direct extractions; (iii) environmental governance, which expresses the efforts of governments to protect the environment in their country.

9 Increasing Water Security: Key Dimension Resilience to Water-Related Disasters On average, 205 million people were affected by such disasters each year during that period. Weather-related disasters are becoming increasingly frequent, due to a sustained rise in the number of floods and storms. Flooding alone accounts for 47% of all weather-related disasters in , affecting 2.3 billion people, the majority (95%) in Asia. While

10 Water availability and use in Myanmar The prime source of water is the precipitation of rain. Three available water sources: (a) Surface Water (b) Ground Water or Underground Water (a) Rain or Snow

11 Common Water Usage Patterns Domestic use Bathing, Washing, Flushing, Cooking, Drinking Garden watering use Fire fighting Industrial use Commercial use Agricultural use Unaccountable or losses

12 Countries with the lowest level of wastewater treatment in the Asia-Pacific Region *Estimate. Note: The percentage of wastewater treated is very much dependant on the conditions in the countries largest/larger cities, where the percentage is generally higher, and rarely a reliable indicator of conditions in the smaller urban centres of towns and rural areas, for which data are often lacking. Source: Adapted from ADB (2013, Appendix 4, p.100).

13 Wastewater production and treatment Domestic wastewater into the municipal open drains and pipe system in municipality areas or/and common effluent treatment plant.

14 Which goals does the Government of Myanmar aim to achieve and how does the Government practice wastewater policies at a national level with the goals? National Policy Developmen t and Institutions in Myanmar Improving River System Managing waste water Awareness campaign for the effective and efficient use of water Improving infrastructure including rural infrastructure The Institutions: Environmental Conservation Department (ECD) of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MONREC), Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC), Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC) and Nay Pyi Taw City Development Committee (NCDC)

15 Myanmar s Household Water Security

16 Percentage Distribution Of Households With Good Sources Of Water Good Sources of Water (%) S.N. Description Piped Water, Artesian Well, Covered Well I. UNION II. REGION / STATE 1 Kachin State Kayah State Kayin State Chin State Sagaing Region Tanintharyi Region Bago Region (East) Bago Region (West) Magway Region Mandalay Region Mon State Rakhine State Yangon Region Shan State (South) Shan State (North) Shan State (East) Ayeyarwady Region Nay Pyi Taw 77.96

17 Myanmar Water Based Economy

18 Types of Water Resource by States and Regions (Acres) Canals,Reservoirs, River,Stream Fishery Pond Total States and Regions Tanks and Embankment and Under Water Union Naypyitaw Kachin State Kayah State Kayin State Chin State Sagaing Region Tanintharyi Region Bago Region Magway Region Mandalay Region Mon State Rakhine State Yangon Region Shan State Ayeyarwady Regio Source : Department of Agricultural Land Management and Statistics.

19 Irrigable and Flood Protection Areas (Thousand Acres) Irrigable Area Flood Protection Period Weir Tank Total Embankments Drainage Work Total No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Source: Department of Irrigation and Management of Water Utilization. 19

20 Irrigable and Flood Protection Areas by States and Regions( ) (Acres) Irrigable Area Flood Protection States and Regions Weir Tank Total Embankments Drainage Work Total No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) Union Kachin State Kayah State Kayin State Chin State Sagaing Region Tanintharyi Region Bago Region Magway Region Mandalay Region Mon State Rakhing State Yangon Region Shan State Ayeyarwady Region Source: Department of Irrigation and Management of Water Utilization.

21 Area of Selected Crops Under Irrigation (Thousand Acres) Total Ground - Sesa- Pulses Sugar- Other Other Period Irrigated Paddy Wheat Maize nut mum cane Food Cotton Jute non-food Area Crops Crops (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) * * * * Note: * Less than 0.5 Source : Department of Agricultural Land Management and Statistics.

22 Area of Selected Crops under Weir (Thousand Acres) Period Total Paddy Wheat Maize Grou Sesa Pulses Sugar Other Cotton Jute Other -nut nd -um m -cane food nonfood Crops Crops (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) * * * * 54 Note: * Less than 0.6 Source : Department of Agricultural Land Management and Statistics. 22

23 INLAND AND OVERSEAS SHIPPING STATISTICS Particular INLAND WATERWAYS 1.Valid certified private water craft (Number) a.riverine b.coastal Inland Water Transport (Public) (Number) a.powered Craft b.dumb Craft SHIPPING 1.Overseas Shipping (000 ton) (Yangon) a.loaded b.unloaded Number of Vessels a.myanma Five Star Line b.chartered Coastal Shipping (000 ton) (Yangon) a.loaded b.unloaded Number of Lighthouses a.with Lighthouse keeper b.without Lighthouse keeper Sources: 1. Customs Department. 2. Department of Marine Administration. 3. Inland Water Transport. 4. Myanma Five Star Line. 5. Myanma Port Authority.

24 PRINCIPAL COMMODITIES TRANSPORTED BY INLAND WATERWAYS in thousand Particular Unit TOTAL Ton Ton-miles Rice Ton Ton-miles Cement Ton Ton-miles Petroleum Coke Ton Ton-miles Fertilizer Ton Ton-miles Miscellaneous Ton Ton-miles Timber Ton Ton-miles Source: Inland Water Transport.

25 SEABORNE SHIPPING TONNAGE OF CARGO HANDLED AT THE PORT OF YANGON in ton Particular INTERNATIONAL (a)loaded (b)unloaded COASTAL (a)loaded (b)unloaded Source: Customs Department.

26 MERCHANT SHIPPING : FOREIGN TRADE Total With Cargo In Ballast Year Number Tonnage Number Tonnage Number Tonnage of Registered of Registered of Registered Times (000) Times (000) Times (000) ENTRY CLEARANCE Source: Customs Department.

27 MERCHANT SHIPPING : COASTAL TRADE Total With Cargo In Ballast Year Number Tonnage Number Tonnage Number Tonnage of Registered of Registered of Registered Times (000) Times (000) Times (000) ENTRY CLEARANCE Source:Source: Customs Department.

28 NUMBER AND CAPACITY OF VESSELS ARRIVING AT AND DEPARTING FROM MYANMAR PORTS Number Gross Tonnage(000) Net Tonnage(000) Port Year Vessels Schooners Total Vessels Schooners Total Vessels Schooners Total ARRIVALS TOTAL DEPARTURE TOTAL Source: Myanma Port Authority.

29 VESSELS ARRIVING AT AND DEPARTING FROM THE PORT OF YANGON BY GROSS TONNAGE Vessels by Gross Tonnage Year Under Above Total ARRIVALS DEPARTURES Source: Myanma Port Authority.

30 SEABORNE CARGO BY PRINCIPAL COMMODITY Commodity in ton GRAND TOTAL OUTSHIPMENT Petrol Oil and Lubricants (r) Rice and Rice Products Minerals Timber General Cargo (r) TOTAL INSHIPMENT Petrol Oil and Lubricants General Cargo TOTAL Source: Myanma Port Authority.

31 PASSENGER STATISTICS OF THE PORT OF YANGON Particular SEA-GOING PASSENGER a.inward (r) 5964 b.outward (r) 6288 c.total (r) INLAND PASSENGER (000) a.inward b.outward c.total Source: Myanma Port Authority.

32 Myanmar Water Related Disaster

33 Myanmar Disaster Loss and Damage (2016) Death Sr. Region and State Population Male Female Total Animal 1 Kachin 1 2 Kayah Kayin 4 Chin 5 Sagaing Tanintharyi Bago 8 Magwe Mandalay Mon 2 11 Rakhine 12 Yangon Shan Ayeyarwaddy Nay Pyi Taw Council Total

34 House School Pagoda Monasteries clinic Office Building/ Others Box Culvert Bridge Road Myanmar Disaster Loss and Damage (2016) Damage and Loss Sr. Region and State 1 Kachin Kayah Kayin 4 Chin Sagaing Tanintharyi Bago 1 8 Magwe Mandalay Mon Rakhine 12 Yangon 13 Shan Ayeyarwaddy Nay Pyi Taw Council Total

35 Sr. Myanmar Disaster Loss and Damage (2016) Region and State Damage and Loss Fish Agricultural Ponds Land (Acre) (Acre) Prawn Ponds (Acre) Damage and Loss value (Kyat Million) 1 Kachin Kayah Kayin 4 Chin Sagaing Tanintharyi Bago 7 8 Magwe Mandalay Mon Rakhine 12 Yangon Shan Ayeyarwaddy Nay Pyi Taw Council Total

36 Myanmar s Water Related SDGs Indicators Indicator Year Value Source of Publication Percentage of population using improved drinking water sources* Percentage of population using improved drinking water sources* Percentage of population using improved drinking water sources* Proportion of population using improved sanitation facilities* Proportion of population using improved sanitation facilities* Proportion of population using improved sanitation facilities* % % % % % % WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) Demographic and Health Survey Myanmar 2014 Population and Housing Census WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) Demographic and Health Survey Myanmar 2014 Population and Housing Census

37 Myanmar s Water Related SDGs Indicators Indicator Year Value Source of Publication a.1 Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources Degree of IWRM Implementation (0-100) Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance that is part of a government-coordinated spending plan % million constant 2014 USD FAO - AQUASTAT quastat/main/index.stm UNEP - IWRM surveyhttp://iwrmdataportal.un epdhi.org/data.html?country= Myanmar OECD statistics CRS databasehttps://stats.oecd.org/i ndex.aspx?datasetcode=crs1

38 Water and Sanitation Related Assistances to Myanmar Source:

39 Water and Sanitation Related Assistances to Myanmar Source:

40 Water and Sanitation Related Assistances to Myanmar

41 Water and Sanitation Related Assistances to Myanmar

42 Water and Sanitation Related Assistances to Myanmar

43 Statistics is being collected on wastewater related SDGs in Myanmar, what are the bottlenecks and opportunities? Statistics being collected from the Institutions: Environmental Conservation Department (ECD) of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MONREC), Yangon City Development Committee (YCDC), Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC) and Nay Pyi Taw City Development Committee (NCDC) Bottlenecks: Resource Allocation, Budget Constraints, Low Technology of Recycling, Raising Awareness to be participated by all the stakeholders, Holistic national water resources policy doesn t exist Opportunities: SDGs, Policy Recommendations to the Higher Authority, International Development Assistance, Political Commitment and Policy Support, To incorporate with the National Plan Example: Myanmar Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) strategic study is part of the bilateral IWRM cooperation between Myanmar and the Netherlands.

44 Issues and Way Forwards Insufficient environmental related statistics (data generation) Lag behind in advanced measuring instrument and techniques( for quality control and environmental issues) Existing knowledge and expertise needs to be upgraded( authorities as well as public) Awareness on 4 Rs: Reduce, Recycle, Reuse, Refuse Skills, experience and training needs Little action on water quality monitoring Inadequate budget, staffs and purification techiques Integration of National Water Policy into IWRM Strategy Law enforcement to prevent environmental problem Implementation of IWRM on the ground Rural water strategy PPP: Local service providers

45 Thank you for your kind attention!