Newtown Creek Superfund Citizens Advisory Group Newtown Creek Combined Sewer Overflow Long Term Control Plan

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1 Newtown Creek Superfund Citizens Advisory Group Newtown Creek Combined Sewer Overflow Long Term Control Plan Location: McCarren Park Community Center Date: July 25, 2017

2 Agenda 1 Topic Welcome; Recap of Newtown Creek Programs and LTCP Process Speaker Mikelle Adgate 2 Water Quality and Baseline Conditions Keith Mahoney 3 Evaluation of Alternatives and LTCP Recommended Plan Keith Mahoney 4 Discussion and Q&A Session All 2

3 Welcome Recap of Newtown Creek Programs and LTCP Process Mikelle Adgate Director of Stormwater Management Outreach DEP BPA 3

NYCDEP Newtown Creek Programs Newtown Creek Nature Walk Phase 1 completed Phase 2 design complete Wetland Demonstration Project First phase installed in

reduced 2-10% during rain events MS4 Stormwater Management Program 2016 Progress Report is online Final Plan due August 2018 Illicit Discharge Detection

4 NYCDEP Newtown Creek Programs Newtown Creek Nature Walk Phase 1 completed Phase 2 design complete Wetland Demonstration Project First phase installed in 2015 Permit received for expansion in 2017/18 WAIT Pilot Program June 6 November 30, participants in Newtown Creek Sewershed Water consumption reduced 2-10% during rain events MS4 Stormwater Management Program 2016 Progress Report is online Final Plan due August 2018 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination Recently identified two illegal connections with 1,400 gallon/day discharge to Maspeth Creek Call 311 if you see a suspicious discharge 4

5 NYC Long Term Control Plans (LTCPs) What is an LTCP? The goal of each LTCP is to identify appropriate CSO controls necessary to achieve waterbody specific water quality standards, consistent with the Federal CSO Policy. The LTCP process: Builds off existing infrastructure investments (i.e. Waterbody/Watershed Plans) Assesses current waterbody and watershed characteristics Identifies and analyzes Grey Green* infrastructure balance for different watersheds and applicable NYS water quality standards under CWA The LTCP is subject to NYS DEC review and approval Includes a public engagement process *Definitions: Grey = traditional practices such as tanks, pipes, and sewers Green = sustainable pollution reducing practices that also provide other ecosystem benefits 5

6 LTCP Process and Public Involvement LTCP Submitted 6/30/17 Existing Information Review Data Collection & Analysis Modeling Alternatives Development & Evaluation LTCP DEC Review Kickoff Meeting 11/15/16 Data Sharing Meeting 2/21/17 Alternatives Review Meeting 4/26/17 CAG Meeting TODAY Final Plan Review Meeting TBD ONGOING PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDER INPUT 6

7 Water Quality and Baseline Conditions Keith Mahoney, P.E. Director of Water Quality Planning DEP BEDC 7

Water Quality Standards & LTCP Goals CLASS SD F i s h S u r v i v a l The best usage of Class SD water is fishing.

In addition, the water quality shall be suitable for primary and secondary contact recreation, although other factors may limit the use for these

Parameter Criteria NYS DEC Water Quality Parameter Reference Fecal Coliform Total Coliform Dissolved Oxygen Monthly Geometric Mean 200 col/100 ml

8 Water Quality Standards & LTCP Goals CLASS SD F i s h S u r v i v a l The best usage of Class SD water is fishing. These waters shall be suitable for fish, shellfish, and wildlife survival. In addition, the water quality shall be suitable for primary and secondary contact recreation, although other factors may limit the use for these purposes. Parameter Criteria NYS DEC Water Quality Parameter Reference Fecal Coliform Total Coliform Dissolved Oxygen Monthly Geometric Mean 200 col/100 ml Monthly Geometric Mean 2,400 col/100 ml 80% 5,000 col/100 ml 3.0 mg/l (acute, never less than) New York Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR Part 703.4) New York Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR Part 703.4) New York Codes, Rules and Regulations (NYCRR Part 703.3) CSO LTCP Goals and Targets: Seasonal Bacteria Compliance Annual Dissolved Oxygen Compliance Time to Recovery for Bacteria of < 24 hours Floatables Control 8

Nov 2016 LTCP: ~14 Dry and 77 Wet samples per location; Jul Nov 2016 HSM:

9 Fecal Geomeans & Dissolved Oxygen 5 th Percentile Values LTCP: ~77 Wet samples per location; Jul Nov 2016 HSM: ~34 Wet samples per location; Jan Nov 2016 LTCP: ~14 Dry and 77 Wet samples per location; Jul Nov 2016 HSM: ~18 Dry and 34 Wet samples per location; Jan Nov 2016 Fecal Wet Weather DO Wet Weather 9

Newtown Creek Baseline CSO Mitigation Projects 1 2 3 4 Recommended Project Brooklyn/Queens Pump

Completed $42 M In-Construction thru 2017 In-Stream Aeration Projects $30 M 1 In-Construction thru mid

Lower English Kills and East Branch Aeration 2) Cost to date, more GI projects may be pending.

facility, odor control 4 2 3 Legend Waterbodies Construction Completion: Dec.

NCB-083, BB-026 Contract Aeration Location Construction Completion Cost EK-11 Upper English Kills Dec.

2018 $18 M Note: Dutch Kills aeration is not included in the LTCP Baseline Conditions and is proposed

Construction Planned More than 1,300 GI assets within streets, parks, and schools 98% are ROW

10 Newtown Creek Baseline CSO Mitigation Projects Recommended Project Brooklyn/Queens Pump Station at Newtown Creek WWTP Bending Weirs and Underflow Baffles Construction Cost Status $300 M Completed $42 M In-Construction thru 2017 In-Stream Aeration Projects $30 M 1 In-Construction thru mid 2018 Built and Planned GI Projects $45 M 2 Ongoing Design and Construction Total 1) Includes Upper and Lower English Kills and East Branch Aeration 2) Cost to date, more GI projects may be pending. = $417 M 1 PS Wet Weather Capacity = 400 MGD includes 5 new MSPs, headworks upgrade, In-line storage facility, odor control Legend Waterbodies Construction Completion: Dec Volume Reduction: 62 MGY Provides Floatables Control Being installed at NCB-015, NCQ-077, NCB-083, BB-026 Contract Aeration Location Construction Completion Cost EK-11 Upper English Kills Dec $9 M CSO-NC-2 Lower English Kills Jan $2.2 M CSO-NC-3 East Branch Jun $18 M Note: Dutch Kills aeration is not included in the LTCP Baseline Conditions and is proposed to be eliminated as part of the Newtown Creek LTCP CSO Outfalls CSO Outfall Watersheds Constructed In Construction Planned More than 1,300 GI assets within streets, parks, and schools 98% are ROW Raingardens (aka bioswales) Design resources for public onsite only in NCB-015 & NCB-083 Other areas will be assessed in 2017 with design resources citywide available in

LTCP Baseline Conditions Total NYC Demand (MGD) Annual Rainfall (in) Baseline CSO Projects (Grey & Green) 2040 Projected Sanitary Flows that account for water conservation trends Satellite Flyover

11 LTCP Baseline Conditions Total NYC Demand (MGD) Annual Rainfall (in) Baseline CSO Projects (Grey & Green) 2040 Projected Sanitary Flows that account for water conservation trends Satellite Flyover Impervious Data in conjunction with an extensive peer reviewed flow monitoring program Selection of 2008 as Typical Rainfall Year based on extensive assessment of historical data: 42 years of rainfall data analyzed from 4 NOAA Gauges JFK 2008 best representation of annual rainfall volume including projected climate change Historical In-City MGD With Additional Efficiency Scenario 1 Without Additional Efficiency Scenario 5-Year Moving Average LTCP Typical Year Rainfall (JFK in) Standard for WWFP (JFK in) For recommended LTCP plan, 10 years of data used to further assess attainment ( ) 2008 Typical Rainfall Year used for all NYC LTCPs 11

12 CSO Discharge Volume (MGY) CSO Reductions Under Baseline Conditions 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, BEFORE 1,2 (Total = 1,634 MGY) Pre-WWFP Implementation AFTER 1,2 (Total = 1,161 MGY) LTCP Baseline 1 Other NC CSOs* NCB-083 NCQ-077 NCB-015 BB-026 (With Grey and Green WWFP Infrastructure Implementation) MG (29%) CSO Volume Reduction 1) Other Newtown Creek CSOs include 17 other CSO outfalls in the NC and BB drainage areas that discharge into Newtown Creek 2) All CSO volumes were calculated using JFK 2008 rainfall in conjunctions with 2040 sanitary flows and satellite flyover impervious data 3) GI includes a 1.5% GI application rate on public properties and a 3% application rate on private property 12

13 Newtown Creek Baseline Wet Weather Loads Bowery Bay WWTP (LL Interceptor) Outfall Volume (MG) Freq. BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB BB Sub-Total DRAINAGE AREA LEGEND: CSO SW Direct Annual Volume (MGY) 1, CSO SW Direct Annual Fecal Load (x10 12 cfu/yr) 28,655 Newtown Creek WWTP Outfall Volume (MG) Freq. NCB NCB NCB NCB NCB NCQ NCQ NCB Sub-Total NCB NCB NCQ BB-026 = 91% of Total Annual Volume CSO SW Direct Annual Entero Load (x10 12 cfu/yr) 19,773 1, CSO SW Direct 13

14 Evaluation of Alternatives and LTCP Recommended Plan Keith Mahoney, P.E. Director of Water Quality Planning DEP BEDC 14

15 Newtown Creek Alternatives Toolbox INCREASING COMPLEXITY Source Control Existing GI Additional GI High Level Sewer Separation INCREASING COST System Optimization CSO Relocation Water Quality / Ecological Enhancement Treatment Satellite: Centralized: Fixed Weir Gravity Flow Tipping to Other Watersheds Floatables Control Outfall Disinfection Parallel Interceptor / Sewer Pumping Station Modification Environmental Restoration Bending Weirs Control Gates Pump Station Optimization Pump Station Expansion Flow Tipping with Conduit/Tunnel and Pumping Mechanical aeration Retention Treatment Basin (RTB) WWTP Expansion Flushing Tunnel High Rate Clarification (HRC) Storage In-System Shaft Tank Tunnel Completed or underway Alternatives further evaluated Retained Alternative 15

16 Summary of Retained Alternatives Storage Option %Control Add-Ons Remarks Net Present Worth ($Million) 1 25% PS* Diam. = 16 ft. Length = 7,570 to 9,980 ft. $527 M 2 50% PS* Diam. = 16 to 26 ft. Length = 7,570 to 18,800 ft. $647 M 3 Tunnel 62.5% PS* Diam. = 19 to 30 ft. Length = 7,570 to 18,800 ft. $730 M Tank 75% PS* + RTB 100% RTB 25% PS* 50% PS* Diam. = 23 to 26 ft. Length = 7,570 to 18,800 ft. RTB = 20 MGD Diam. = 16 ft. Length = 7,570 to 9,980 ft. RTB = 100 MGD NC-077 = 2.4 MG Tank NC-083 = 3.0 MG Tank NC-015 = 4.3 MG Tank NC-077 = 6.9 MG Tank NC-083 = 8.5 MG Tank NC-015 = 12.3 MG Tank $1,063 M $1,650 M $627 M $901 M *Note: Probable bid cost for 26MGD Borden Pump Station Expansion = $50M, All costs shown reflect the max. estimate of multiple sub-options. 16

17 Volumetric CSO Control (%) 100% Performance of Retained Alternatives Tunnel: 100% Control + PS Expansion + 100MGD RTB 5 75% 50% Tunnel: 75% Control + PS Expansion + 20MGD RTB Tunnel: 62.5% Control + PS Expansion Tunnel: 50% Control + PS Expansion Tank: 50% Control + PS Expansion Tunnel: 25% Control + PS Expansion 25% 1 6 Tank: 25% Control + PS Expansion 0% $- $250 $500 $750 $1,000 $1,250 $1,500 $1,750 Net Present Worth ($Million) Tunnel Options are based on Creek Alignment 17

Average Number of CSO Activations for NC-015, 083, 077 Performance of Retained Alternatives 30 25 20 Tunnel: 25% Control + PS Expansion 6 1 2 Tank: 25% Control + PS Expansion Tunnel: 50% Control + PS

18 Average Number of CSO Activations for NC-015, 083, 077 Performance of Retained Alternatives Tunnel: 25% Control + PS Expansion Tank: 25% Control + PS Expansion Tunnel: 50% Control + PS Expansion 15 Tunnel: 62.5% Control + PS Expansion 3 7 Tank: 50% Control + PS Expansion 4 Tunnel: 75% Control + PS Expansion + 20MGD RTB 10 5 Tunnel: 100% Control + PS Expansion MGD RTB 0 5 $- $250 $500 $750 $1,000 $1,250 $1,500 $1,750 Net Present Worth ($Million) 18

CSO Storage Tunnel allows for much shorter implementation schedule to attain targeted WQ improvements Significant hurdles for projects beyond recommended plan: Exponential increase in cost and size

19 Justification for Recommended Plan Plan is projected to fully attain the Clean Water Act WQ bacteria criteria for the rec. season Most cost-effective alternative based on analysis consistent with EPA s CSO Control Policy Recommended plan significantly reduces volume and frequency of CSO events Decoupling Dutch Kills from CSO Storage Tunnel allows for much shorter implementation schedule to attain targeted WQ improvements Significant hurdles for projects beyond recommended plan: Exponential increase in cost and size of projects to capture major events (i.e. Sandy, Irene) NC WWTP capacity limited to treat pump-back flow thus requiring new satellite facilities Marginal improvements in WQ from projects beyond recommended plan, 100% CSO control would not fully attain existing CWA WQ Criteria for bacteria on an annual basis Storage > 2X larger (~140MG) Flowrate > 4X larger (~1.9 BGD) 19

LTCP Recommended Plan 1 Expansion of Borden Avenue Pump Station from 3 MGD to 26 MGD and construction of wet weather force main to Kent Avenue BB-026 BB-026 Annual CSO Volume Seasonal Activations

20 LTCP Recommended Plan 1 Expansion of Borden Avenue Pump Station from 3 MGD to 26 MGD and construction of wet weather force main to Kent Avenue BB-026 BB-026 Annual CSO Volume Seasonal Activations Annual Activations Baseline Conditions Recommended Plan Elimination of Aeration System for Dutch Kills & Main Trunk 3 Construction of Deep Rock CSO Tunnel to capture 62.5% of CSO volume from CSO Outfalls NCQ-077, NCB-083, & NCB-015 NCQ-077 NCQ-077 Annual CSO Volume Seasonal Activations Annual Activations Baseline Conditions Recommended Plan NCB-015 Annual CSO Volume Seasonal Activations Annual Activations Baseline Conditions Recommended Plan NCB-015 NCB-083 NCB-083 Annual CSO Volume Rec. Season Activations Annual Activations Baseline Conditions Recommended Plan

1 Borden Avenue Pump Station Expansion Expansion of existing Borden Ave Pumping Station from 3 MGD to 26 MGD Most cost-effective alternative for reducing CSOs to Dutch Kills Station NC6 2008 Seasonal

21 1 Borden Avenue Pump Station Expansion Expansion of existing Borden Ave Pumping Station from 3 MGD to 26 MGD Most cost-effective alternative for reducing CSOs to Dutch Kills Station NC Seasonal Fecal % Attainment 2008 Seasonal Entero* % Attainment Baseline 83% 90% 75% Control 100% 99% Outfall BB-026 Annual CSO Volume (MGY) Annual Activation Frequency Seasonal Activation Frequency Baseline % Control * The LTCP analyzed compliance with potential future primary contact WQ criteria (Enterococcus). 21

Impacts of Borden Ave Pump Station Expansion Will

30 MGY to NC WWTP During large infrequent storms

outfalls that have floatables control (NCB-014,

into East River will be evaluated under the

22 Impacts of Borden Ave Pump Station Expansion Will result in a 110 MGY reduction into Newtown Creek, 30 MGY to NC WWTP During large infrequent storms remaining 80 MGY may be discharged at East River outfalls that have floatables control (NCB-014, NCB-013 and NCB-006) Additional CSO reductions into East River will be evaluated under the Citywide/Open Waters LTCP due to NYS DEC in December

23 Borden Ave Pump Station Expansion Schedule P80 Probabilistic Schedule, factoring in likelihood and impact of schedule risks based on projected NYS DEC approval by 6/2018 Milestone Borden Ave Pump Station Extension: DEC Approval 6/2018 Initiate Planning 12/2019 Planning Completion Initiate Final Design 9/2021 Design Completion 02/2025 Construction NTP 11/2026 Construction Completion 11/2029 Probable Bid Costs (2017 dollars) = $50 M Escalated Design and Construction Costs = $85 M Potential Construction Risks: Unanticipated soil conditions (diversion structure, influent gravity sewer, force main) Utility crossings may be more difficult than expected (influent gravity sewer, force main) Unanticipated interferences with bulkhead restoration (influent gravity sewer, force main) Difficulties in constructing creek crossing (force main) 23

24 2 Newtown Creek Aeration Systems Originally Proposed Aeration Systems per Consent Order Aeration Systems per LTCP Recommended Plan NC6 Blower Building NC4 NC5 NC7 NC-4: Dutch Kills and Newtown Creek Aeration NC8 NC9 NC-2: Lower English Kills Aeration NC-3: East Branch Aeration NC-2: Lower English Kills Aeration NC-3: East Branch Aeration Blower Building Blower Building Blower Building Blower Building EK-11: Upper English Kills Aeration EK-11: Upper English Kills Aeration Note: Alignment of Proposed Aeration System is Approximate Note: Alignment of Proposed Aeration System is Approximate LTCP recommended plan is projected to attain DO standards >98% of the time and significantly reduce area of Newtown Creek that will have seasonal aeration. Seasonal aeration is still necessary in English Kills and East Branch 24

Alignment 1 Tunnel Alignment 2 Tunnel Alignment 1 Tunnel Alignment 2 Retrieval / Drop Shaft Micro-tunnel from NC-083 for Tunnel Alignment 2 Micro-tunnel from NC-077 (Tunnel Alignment 2) NCB-015

25 3 Tunnel Alignment Options 62.5% Control Deep Tunnel for Outfalls NC-015, NC-083 and NC-077 Short Tunnel to DEP Site Mining Shaft/Tunnel Dewatering PS Mining Shaft / Tunnel Dewatering PS Long Tunnel to Site near NC WWTP Tunnel Alignment 1 Tunnel Alignment 2 Tunnel Alignment 1 Tunnel Alignment 2 Retrieval / Drop Shaft Micro-tunnel from NC-083 for Tunnel Alignment 2 Micro-tunnel from NC-077 (Tunnel Alignment 2) NCB-015 Outfall NCQ-077 Outfall NCB-083 Outfall Retrieval / Drop Shaft Micro-tunnel from NC-083 (Tunnel Alignment 2) Short Tunnel to DEP Site Tunnel Length (ft) Selected Tunnel Diameter (ft) Storage Volume Provided (MG) PS Capacity (MGD) Alignment 1 (ROW) 9, Alignment 2 (In-Creek) 7, Long Tunnel to Site near NC WWTP Tunnel Length (ft) Selected Tunnel Diameter (ft) Storage Volume Provided (MG) PS Capacity (MGD) Alignment 1 (ROW) 18, Alignment 2 (In-Creek) 13,

26 62.5% CSO Control Tunnel Schedule P80 Probabilistic Schedule, factoring in likelihood and impact of schedule risks based on projected DEC approval by 6/2018 Milestone 62.5% Storage Tunnel DEC Approval Initiate Planning 6/ /2019 Planning Completion 8/2025 Initiate Final Design Design Completion 7/2028 Construction NTP 10/2030 Construction Completion Probable Bid Costs (2017 dollars) = $547 M Escalated Design and Construction Costs = $1,223 M Costs do not include land acquisition Extended Facility Planning required to complete environmental assessments, select alignment and secure properties 8/2042 Potential Construction Risks: Unfavorable geology at shafts or along tunnel alignment Tunnel alignment change required TBM main bearing failure Site acquisition costs and delays Existing outfalls need repair prior to connection to shafts 26

27 CSO Discharge Volume (MGY) 1,800 1,500 1, CSO Volume Reductions 1 BB-026 NCB-015 NCQ-077 NCB-083 Other NC CSOs* TOTAL 1,2 (1,634 MGY) Pre-WWFP Implementation TOTAL 1,2 (1,161 MGY) LTCP Baseline with GI (With Grey and Green WWFP Infrastructure Implementation) MG (29%) CSO Volume Reduction TOTAL 1,2 (454 MGY) LTCP Rec. Plan 707 MG (61%) CSO Volume Reduction (26 MGD BAPS Expansion and 62.5% Control Deep Tunnel for Outfall NC-015, NC-83 & NC-077) 3 1,180 MG (72%) CSO Volume Reduction 1) Other Newtown Creek CSOs include 17 other CSO outfalls in the NC and BB drainage areas that discharge into Newtown Creek 2) All CSO volumes were calculated using JFK 2008 rainfall in conjunctions with 2040 sanitary flows and satellite flyover impervious data 3) GI includes a 1.5% GI application rate on public properties and a 3% application rate on private property 27

28 Projected WQ Improvements from Baseline Station Baseline Conditions (1) Recommended Plan (2) Fecal Coliform % Attainment (Monthly GM <200 cfu/100ml) DO % Attainment ( 3.0 mg/l) Fecal Coliform % Attainment (Monthly GM <200 cfu/100ml) DO % Attainment ( 3.0 mg/l) Annual Recreational (2) Annual Annual (3) Recreational (1) Annual Main Channel NC NC Dutch Kills NC Main Channel NC NC NC Maspeth Creek NC English Kills NC East Branch NC English Kills NC NC Notes: (1) JFK 2008 Rainfall (2) The Recreational Season is from May 1st through October 31st. (3) December and February only months in non-attainment that occur during non-recreational season 28

29 Newtown Creek CSO Program Summary CSO Program Waterbody Watershed Facility Plan Projects (with GI) LTCP Recommended Plan (Escalated Costs) Total: Costs $417M ~1.3B ~1.7Billion CSO reduced by over 1B gallons from existing conditions (72% reduction) 100% attainment for fecal coliform criteria 10 months of the year % attainment for dissolved oxygen annually CSO activations reduced by half: Annually ~32 to ~15 Rec. Season ~20 to ~10 29

Escalated LTCP costs below = $3.9B; Recommended Newtown LTCP = $1.3B.

30 Summary of CSO LTCP Program Costs Citywide DEP has encumbered about $2.5B to date and has an additional $1.7B committed to complete baseline CSO projects = $4.2B. Escalated LTCP costs below = $3.9B; Recommended Newtown LTCP = $1.3B. Total CSO Program Cost to date is $4.2B + $3.9B = $8.1B Additional potential costs for 2 LTCPs pending DEC approval and 2 LTCPs to be submitted in NC LTCP $1.3B 30

31 Questions and Discussion 31

PHASE 1 OF THE CONSENT DECREE/ WET WEATHER IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS THROUGH 2017

PHASE 1 OF THE CONSENT DECREE/ WET WEATHER IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS THROUGH 2017 MSD is delivering Phase 1 is under the original cost estimate Improving Trends in Water Quality MSDGC has completed