Transferable Indigenous Knowledge (TIK): Progress and Challenges

Transcription

1 Transferable Indigenous Knowledge (TIK): Progress and Challenges Rajib Shaw and Anshu Sharma Web:

2 TIK Evolution FY Development of the concept of TIK -Field Survey in Japan (January 2007) -Idea Workshop in Delhi (February 2007) FY Criteria development of TIK (July 2007) - Development of TIK database (March-December 07) -Action Workshop in Delhi (February 2008) FY Development of TIK databases (April to December 2008) -Good practice document (Oct 07 to July 08) -Policy Workshop in Kyoto (July 08) -Side event in KL (December 08) -Policy Document of IK and DRR (Feb 09)

3 Defining TIK Idea Workshop 2007 Indigenous knowledge is the knowledge that people in a given community have developed over time, and continue to develop. It is based on experience, often tested over centuries of use, adapted to local culture and environment, dynamic and changing. Source: IIRR, Philippines, 1996: Recording and using indigenous knowledge: A manual. Transferable indigenous knowledge is the traditional art of disaster reduction that is indigenous to specific region (s) but having potential to be applied to other regions and having time-tested reliability

4 Criteria for TIK Idea Workshop 2007

5 TIK Documentation Process Need to recognize the link of TIK with IOT and/or PT To make TIK real transferable, it is required to have PT Idea Workshop 2007 Identification of IK Documentation Research for Validation and Improvements TIK in DRH database Extension, Promotion

6 Action Workshop 2008 Implementation Issues of TIK How to transfer -Documentation -On-site visit -DRH database -Workshops -Internal, external facilitation -Link to modern technology What to transfer (Principles and Methodology) Transferability of TIK Who to transfer -Community leaders -External Facilitators Whom to transfer (Vulnerable Communities, Policy makers) For Hydro-meteorological disasters, focus on climate change adaptation

7 Algeria: TIK Contents Development Traditional earthquake resistant construction: Amina Aicha Abdessemed-Foufa Bangladesh: Indigenous Knowledge on flood risk management: Saidur Rahman China: Stilt housing for flood prevention: Weihua Fang Karez technology for drought management: Weihua Fang Dujiangyan Project: Weihua Fang India: Traditional water management system: Vinod Sharma Japan: Flood prevention, damage reduction and erosion control: Yukilko Takeuchi Earthquake resistant wooden construction: Yasuhiro Araki Saihiro Itabame Panel Dam: Goto Masahiro Sri Lanka: Traditional tank cascade system: Madhu Bandara 6 countries 10 TIK (5+5) 3 disasters Earthquake Flood Drought

8 TIK Classification Action Workshop 2008 Five thematic areas Mountain Ecosystem Coastal Zone Management Water Resource Management River Basin Management Housing and Shelter Two types of TIK Based on technology Based on belief systems Three phases of Disaster Cycle Pre-disaster During disaster Post-disaster Post-disaster During-disaster Pre-disaster

9 Action Workshop 2008 Bands in Stone Masonry Building Plain Area Coastal Area Mountain Area Mizuya (Flood House) 1.3m Photo by NIED-KU(2007) Mid Eastern Nepal Blue line is record of flood disaster in m International Federation copyright (c) 2007 EDM-NIED. All rights reserved of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies Local Coping Mechanism

10 Current Focus Mountain Coast River Water Housing Technology Flood (1+1+ 2) BD, CN, JP (2) Drought (1+1+1) CN, IN, SL Earthquake (1+1) : AL, JP Flood (1+1+1) BD, CN, JP Belief System More focus on practitioners, communities, rural/urban planners, teachers etc. Very few focus on policy makers

11 China Karez Technology India Earthquake Safe Traditional House India Shelter construction for Flood India Soil and Water Conservation Indonesia: Legend, Ritual and Architecture Japan Traditional Flood Disaster Reduction Measures Mongolia: Indigenous Knowledge for Disaster Risk Reduction Nepal Indigenous Knowledge Nepal/Pakistan: Flood and local knowledge Pakistan : Indigenous Coping Mechanisms for landslide Papua New Guinea: Living with Philippines: Flood in Dagupan Philippines: Mayon Volcano early warning Philippines: Typhoon building construction Solomon Islands: Indigenous Knowledge for Tsunami Sri Lanka: Village Tank Cascade Systems Thailand : Sea Gypsy Tsunami Vietnam: Weather Forecasting 18 examples from 13 countries for 6 disasters Download from: u.ac.jp/top_e.htm

12 TIK in Local/ National Decision Making Cross-discipline collaboration Action Workshop 2008 Civil society: Document and analyze Education and Research Community: Validation and analyze Policy maker: Policy decision Regional and International organization: Policy advocacy Steps (not necessarily in the order of appearance) Education: link to curriculum Policy: regional, national and local advocacy and decision Pilot: Implementation and validation

13 TIK in Education Policy Workshop 2008 Cross-discipline collaboration Civil society: Document and analyze Education and Research Community: Validation and analyze Policy maker: Policy decision Regional and International organization: Policy advocacy Steps (not necessarily in the order of appearance) Education: link to curriculum Policy: regional, national and local advocacy and decision Pilot: Implementation and validation

14 TIK and DRR Policy Issues (1) Critical Entry Points Priority Thematic areas Climate change and food security Rural development Urban Risk reduction Gender and inclusion Policy Workshop 2008

15 IK and DRR Policy Issues (2) Policy Tools Research, documentation Education Advocacy Institutional Framework Policy Workshop 2008 Action Agenda Establishment of a resource group Documentation and research Education Policy advocacy Enabling environment Change agents Special focus areas

16 DRH Promotion (1) For TIK Core group of practitioners and researchers Documentation link A new Book on Indigenous Knowledge from NOVA Publisher (Editors: Rajib Shaw, Anshu Sharma and Yukiko Takeuchi) 30 chapters, (20 case studies) (15 countries, 5 hazard types)

17 DRH Promotion (2) Dissemination link Education Path (Education Task Force in Global and Regional Levels) Disaster Reduction Path (Policy Document) Asian University Network for Environment and Disaster Management (AUEDM): 15 universities and institutions from 11 countries