WESTCARB Regional Partnership

Transcription

1 WESTCARB Regional Partnership Providing Underpinnings for Sequestration Deployment in West Coast Region Larry Myer WESTCARB Technical Director California Energy Commission (916) ; Workshop on Gasification Technologies Denver, CO March 14, 2007

2 WESTCARB: West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Opportunities for terrestrial and geologic CO 2 storage are being evaluated California Energy Commission is prime contractor Big Sky West Coast Southwest Plains Illin Midwest ois Basi n Southeast 2

3 WESTCARB Features Strong and Diverse Set of Partners; Robust Cost Share More than 70 organizations comprising: Resource management and environmental protection agencies National laboratories and research institutions Conservation nonprofits Climate project standards organizations Energy and pipeline companies Colleges and universities Trade associations and policy coordinating bodies Consultants 3

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5 Sedimentary Basins Broadly Distributed Saline formations broadly available, oil, gas reservoirs, coal formations found locally in some basins Data reside at Utah AGRC, publicly accessible, part of NATCARB database Regional data being used as starting point for commercial project development 5

6 Major Geologic Storage Opportunities in California Gas reservoir capacity: 1.7Gt Oil reservoir capacity: 3.6Gt 6

7 Continued Refinement of CO 2 Capture and Transportation Costs MIT has improved algorithm for routing pipeline(s) and estimating costs as part of source-sink matching (jointly funded with SECARB) Marginal Cost Curve for California, Current Conditions EPRI updating costs for CO 2 capture process units and integration with power plants Source: H Herzog 7

8 Current Regulatory Framework in WESTCARB Region Was Reviewed Injection EOR Storage/Disposal EPA Class II 40CFR State shares primacy Salt Caverns None Coal Bed Methane None Reservoirs DOGGR Class II CCR Title 14 Div.2, Ch2 & 4 Public Resources Code Product and Waste EPA Class I 40CFR Injection EOR Storage/Disposal EPA Class II 40CFR Salt Caverns Non EOR related Coal Bed Methane Non EOR related Reservoirs AOGCC Class II 12AAC 7 ARS nd jurisdiction Solution Mining EPA Class I 40CFR EPA Class I 40CFR , CWA 40CFR 122 EPA Class I 40 CFR ADEQ AZNPDES ARS AAC Ch.9 ADEQ AZNPDES 18AAC 9 ARS ADEQ AZPDES 18AAC 9, Article 9 ARS

9 Tool Developed for Selecting Geologic Storage Sites Rio Vista Gas Field Spreadsheet model for ranking/screening of sites, focused on assuring containment Three main controlling characteristics: Primary containment potential Secondary containment potential Attenuation potential User can: Evaluate and score various attributes Specify the importance of various attributes through weighting factors Specify uncertainty inherent at sites Excellent Attribute Assessment Poor Uncertain Certainty Well know n Ventura Oil Field Excellent 2.00 Good Fair Poor Poor Uncertain Certainty Well know n Attribute Assessment 2.00 Good Fair Poor Prim. Cont. Sec. Cont. Atten. Pot. Average Poor Good Prim. Cont. Sec. Cont. Atten. Pot. Average Poor Good 9

10 Pilots Planned in Arizona, California, Oregon, and Washington Pilots are representative of best sequestration options, unique technologies and approaches, in region Pilots involve site-specific focus for Testing technologies Assessing capacity Defining costs Assessing leakage risks Gauging public acceptance Testing regulatory requirements Validating monitoring methods 10

11 Rosetta Resources CO 2 Storage Pilot Lead industrial partner: Rosetta Resources Validate sequestration potential of California Central Valley sediments Test CO 2 Storage Enhanced Gas Recovery Inject up to 2000 tons at about 3400ft depth Focus on monitoring 11

12 Thornton Gas Field Proposed Test (Source: R Trautz, LBNL) 12

13 Geologic Model Assembled Thornton Geologic Model (courtesy Jeff Wagoner and Julio Freidmann, LLNL) 13

14 Pilot Technical Objectives Assess seal integrity Caprock Faults Assess the spatial extent of injected CO 2 Determine the storage capacity of the reservoir Determine the injectivity of the reservoir Evaluate potential environmental impacts Abandoned wells Groundwater Above: schematic cross-section; right: computer simulation of CO 2 in gas reservoir (R Trautz, C Oldenburg, LBNL) 14

15 Assess Seal Integrity Geomechanical analysis Safe injection pressure Monitor pressure and water quality in a shallow formation above injection zone Obtain RST logs from injection and observation wells before and after CO 2 injection CO 2 CO 2 Well Casing Injection Tubing Sampling Tube Packer Pressure Sensor CO 2 CO 2 Pressure Monitoring (From S Benson, LBNL) RST Log 15

16 Assess the Spatial Extent of the Plume of Injected CO 2 Seismic imaging Vertical seismic profiling (VSP) Cross-well seismic Fluid sampling Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) Cross-Well Tomography (From S Benson, LBNL) 16

17 Assessment of Storage Capacity Separate phase CO 2 Fluid sampling Seismic imaging RST Log Dissolved CO 2 Depth (m) G.L. Depth (ft) Offset (m) 30 B Sand Top of C Sand Natural and introduced tracers 1550 Injection Well CO 2 Plume (From T Daley. LBNL) Monitoring Well 17

18 Evaluate Environmental Impacts of CO 2 Injection (Pre-, during and post-injection) Drill and sample shallow groundwater well Collect and analyze soil gas concentrations and fluxes in the vicinity of abandoned wells Flux accumulation chamber Gas flux sampling grid (Courtesy J Lewicki, LBNL) 10 m 18

19 Northern Arizona Saline Formation Pilot Lead industrial partner: Salt River Project, through EPRI Tailored Collaboration program Coal resources are 54% of annual generation Gas/oil resources are 26% SRP s generating assets (K Wanttaja, SRP) 19

20 Site Selection Builds on Regional Characterization Source: Errol L. Montgomery & Associates 20

21 Technical Overview Select site and obtain permits Drill and test exploration well Inject about 2000 tons of CO 2 (trucked in). Monitor using seismic methods, wireline and down-hole measurements 21

22 Summary Regional assessments have provided information for policy makers as well as data for participants interested in commercial development Field work expected to commence soon for first geologic pilot in Sacramento Valley in California Pilots provide essential regionally-focused experience in technology, regulation, and public outreach 22