Answers to multiple-choice questions

Transcription

1 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange nswers to multiple-choice questions The correct answer to each question is shown in bold font. Section 4: Patterns in resource consumption 1 The measure of humanity s demands on the natural environment devised in 1990 by Wackernagal and Rees is the: socio-economic footprint Human evelopment Index environment index ecological footprint 2 The capacity of an ecosystem to generate an ongoing supply of resources and to absorb its wastes is known as: biocapacity ecological capacity environmental capacity carbon capacity 3 One hectare of biologically productive space with world average productivity is: a world hectare a continental hectare a global hectare an imperial hectare 4 Which group of countries has the highest carbon footprint? least developed countries newly industrialised countries developed countries developing countries opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 1 of 8

2 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 5 What is said to occur when humanity s demand on nature exceeds the biosphere s regenerative capacity? excess demand overshoot over-supply environmental excess 6 The considerable increase in food production due to high-yielding variety seed programmes is known as the: Farming Revolution Technological Revolution Seed Revolution Green Revolution 7 The idea of optimum population has been mainly understood from the point of view of: economics politics sociology history 8 Resource pessimists are often referred to as: neo-fascists neo-liberals neo-conservatives neo-malthusians opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 2 of 8

3 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 9 The relative contribution of different energy sources to a country s energy consumption/production is known as its: energy compound energy package energy mix energy product 10 t one time all of ritain s trains were powered by: coal oil gas hydro-electricity 11 Which energy source contributes most to global energy consumption? coal oil gas hydro-electricity 12 The relative importance of hydro-electricity is greatest in: sia Europe North merica South and entral merica 13 The Middle East accounts for approximately what proportion of global proved oil reserves? 20% 40% 60% 80% opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 3 of 8

4 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 14 Energy consumption is rising at the fastest rate in: developed countries newly industrialised countries developing countries least developed countries 15 The organisation whose prime concern is predicting the peak of global oil production is: OPE NFT SPO WTO 16 Which is the world s second largest oil-producing country, after Saudi rabia? US Iran hina Russia 17 Gas flaring in which energy location is the world s single largest source of greenhouse gas emissions? Niger delta Gulf of Mexico Persian Gulf Venezuela 18 Which country leads the world in the use of nuclear electricity? Russia France US Germany opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 4 of 8

5 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 19 In 2007 the world leader in wind energy capacity was: US hina the UK Germany 20 The largest producers of ethanol in the world are: the US and razil ustralia and South frica Germany and France hina and India 21 The world leader in geothermal electricity is: New Zealand the US Iceland hile 22 pproximately how many people in developing countries rely on fuelwood, charcoal and animal dung for cooking? 1 billion 1.5 billion 2 billion 2.5 billion 23 Which country overtook Japan as the world s second largest user of oil in 2004? Russia hina India razil opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 5 of 8

6 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 24 oal mined in hina accounts for what percentage of the world total? 22.5% 32.5% 42.5% 52.5% 25 It has been estimated that hina will take over from the US as the world s largest consumer of oil in: The only utility-scale tidal power system in the world is in: France Spain anada the US 27 The Three Gorges am is located along which river? Pearl Yangtze Yellow Songhua 28 The total cost of the Three Gorges am has been estimated at: $10 billion $30 billion $50 billion $70 billion opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 6 of 8

7 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 29 Of the five traditional sources of energy, which contributes the least to hina s energy consumption? nuclear energy natural gas hydro-electricity oil 30 Which of the following countries is not a member of OPE? Saudi rabia Nigeria Venezuela Norway 31 Supply routes between energy producers and consumers are known as: energy routes energy pathways energy corridors lines of energy 32 anada s large deposits of oil sands are in: lberta ritish olumbia Ontario Quebec 33 The Falkland Islands are in the: Pacific Ocean South tlantic Ocean Indian Ocean North tlantic Ocean opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 7 of 8

8 ambridge Geography for the I iploma: Patterns and hange 34 The rate at which temperature rises as depth below the surface increases is the: temperature gradient sub-surface gradient geothermal gradient geological gradient 35 How many people will the Three Gorges am protect from flooding? 1 million 5 million 10 million 15 million opyright ambridge University Press ll rights reserved. Page 8 of 8