QUALICHeCK International Workshop on Summer Comfort Technologies in Buildings Athens, 9-10 March 2016

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1 Energy Performance Buildings Standards: status and flexibility of the CEN and ISO standards on EPBD CEN: European Standard Organisation; ISO: International Standard Organisation EPBD: Energy Performance Buildings Directive QUALICHeCK International Workshop on Summer Comfort Technologies in Buildings Athens, 9-10 March 2016 Jaap Hogeling Chair CEN TC 371 Program Committee on EPBD Chair of JWG of ISO TC 163&205 advisory group on coordination of ISO and CEN Work on EPB Fellow of ASHRAE and REHVA

2 Feed back revision CEN project on EPB standards Phase 1 ( ) development, current status Basic principles EPB standards (EN/TS 16628) Overarching standard EPB (EN ISO ) TR: Explanation and justification (EN-ISO/TR ) Detailed Technical Rules (EN/TS 16629) Phase 2 ( ) Whole set of EN (ISO) EPB standards

3 Modular structure of the set of standards on Energy Performance of Buildings (EPB) workshop Many of EPB standards are expected to be published as EN & EN-ISO standards Assessment boundaries Overall EP balance Ways to express EP Indoor Env. Quality.. various standards Building and building elements Operating conditions Climatic data Heating systems Ventilation systems Domestic Hot Water systems Consecutive ISO numbers reserved for EPB set Cooling systems Lighting and lighting systems Building automation & Control ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO Etc ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO 52149

4 HEAT GAS BUILDG PROPERTIES CLIMATIC CONDITIONS DOOR ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS EN (Internal gains) EN ISO (Solar gains) EN ISO 6946 EN ISO EN ISO EN ISO National standards EN (Indoor Environment) EN (Ventilation Systems) EN (Visual Comfort) Energy needs CALCULATION OF BUILDG ENERGY NEEDS FOR HEATG, COOLG AND (DE)HUMIDIFICATION EN CALCULATION OF BUILDG POWER DEMAND EN (HEATG) / EN (COOLG) EN EN EN BUILDG AUTOMA- TION SYSTEM & CONTROL General Emission COOLG EN EN VENTILATION EN EN HEATG EN EN DHW EN LIGHTG EN EN TR Distribution Storage Generation EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN (1 to 8) EN EN EN CONVERSION TO PRIMARY ENERGY EN ISO (EN 15603) ENERGY PERFORMANCE EN ISO 52003

5 Status/Planning EPB-project All 52 EPB standards are almost ready and will go out for the final Formal Vote by October The connected Technical Reports will be come available at the same time. Where relevant the connected Excel Files will be available to support the correct use and understanding of the calculation procedures included in the EPB standards After this Formal Voting we expect that by the end of 2016/ beginning of 2017 all EPB-standards will be published by the National Standard Bodies as EN or EN- ISO standards

6 Observation in Europe The modularly structured, transparent, unambiguous, but flexible* set of EN and ISO EPB standards the important instrument to support the proper implementation of the EPBD policy in the EU MS s *: for local climate, national legal framework, building tradition, building use, existing local energy-infrastructure, etc The basis for the EU voluntary certification scheme for non-residential buildings (VCS)

7 Why we need this flexibility and transparency Flexibility: to be suitable for: local climate, National/ regional legal framework, National/ regional building tradition and building use, existing local (national or regional) energy-infrastructure, Etc Transparency: to accommodate a levelled playing field when: Expressing the EP of buildings offering various energy (or CO 2 emission) saving solutions

8 Flexibility in use of EPB Standards the OAS: EN ISO as Backbone EN-ISO CALCULATION STRUCTURE EN ISO general parts CALCULATION MODULES FOR EACH STEP 1 XLS per module EACH CALCULATION MODULE REQUIRES TERCONNECTION VALUES (I/O TO THE STRUCTURE) PRODUCT DATA (LOCAL DATA) OTHER LOCAL DATA ABOUT SPECIFIC APPLICATION (LIKE LOCALISATION, DOOR/ OUTDOOR STALLATION FO) PRODUCT DATA OTHER LOCAL DATA PRODUCT DATA OTHER LOCAL DATA PRODUCT DATA OTHER LOCAL DATA LOCAL DATA EN ISO XXX EN- ISO XXX EN- ISO XXX MODULES OUT OUT OUT TER CONNECTION OUT OUT OUT 8

9 Replacing a module with a non- EN or EN-ISO-standard one Possible thanks to the modular structure but the I/O structure has to be respected Needed info can be found PRODUCT DATA OTHER LOCAL DATA PRODUCT DATA OTHER LOCAL DATA EN ISO XXX Non- EN Std ISO XXX EN ISO both in the accompanying XLS and in the specific I/O clauses in the EN or EN- ISO standard NATIONAL MODULE PRODUCT DATA OTHER LOCAL DATA OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT 9

10 Set of EPB standards: unambiguous but flexible (allowing national choices, boundary conditions and input data) Each EPB standard contains: Annex A (normative): template for choices and input data needed for using the standard Annex B (informative): informative default choices and input data In general: Each individual user of the EPB standard is free to create his/her own data sheet according to the template of Annex A (~ replace the default choices and values of Annex B)

11 National implementation of EPB standards EPB standards provide calculation/assessment procedures but do not include product or system requirements! It is expected, if the default values and choices in Annex B are not followed due to national regulations, policy or traditions, that: Either the NSB will consider the possibility to add or include a National Annex in agreement with the template of Annex A. Or the national or regional authorities will, in the building regulations, reference the standard and prepare data sheets containing the national or regional choices and values, in agreement with the template of Annex A. Further target groups are: users of the voluntary common European Union certification scheme for the energy performance of non-residential buildings other Pan EU or Global parties wanting to motivate their policy by classifying the building EP for a dedicated building stock. Global Innovators on the EP-market

12 Example of a default choice in Annex B of the EN ISO Table B.23 Basis for the energy performance of buildings Basis for the building energy performance Total energy performance (E P = E Ptot ) or non-renewable energy performance (E P = E Pnren ) Choice E P = E Pnren

13 Cool Roof applications: Annex A/B solution applicable? In draft ISO the external radiative surface heat transfer coefficient and the solar absorptance of external constructions are both input variables. However, typically these are default values under Annex A/B regime. For special cases, like a cool roof one should be able to replace these default values by declared values, including effect of ageing, dust, etc.

14 Cool Roof applications: Annex A/B solution applicable? However, as far as I know there is no international standard to determine such values?! In that case it is up to the (national) situation whether alternative values are accepted. E.g. in The Netherlands this would be typically a case for the principle of equivalence. See also ISO & ISO 6946

15 Choice of: Calculation interval The set of EPB standards allow both choices: Hourly or Monthly Monthly : Need to develop correction factors Hourly : Intrinsically taken into account, if hourly climatic data are available The standards allow for both options. If data are available, hourly will be simpler

16 Monthly method shall be equivalent to Summer (dis)comfort hourly method Hourly method: can be derived from calculated hourly indoor temperatures. But also in hourly method: summer comfort indication is only valid if thermal zones are appropriately selected to indicate comfort problems! Discomfort indicator in monthly method? E.g.: some countries use a fictitious cooling system in case no cooling system is available, but certain (comfort) temperature levels are expected according to the conditions of use (Level playing field) Same for heating! (rooms without heating equipment)

17 Most EPB standards include calculation procedures They will be accompanied by excel files including all calculation formulas Demonstrating how the rules are to be interpreted Offering easy access for software developers and avoiding misinterpretation by software builders

18 Excels to support the use of the EPBstandards by software developers internal for CEN: to support, to demonstrate and validate the consistency and unambiguity of equations in the set of EPB-standards and their interconnecting procedures: all in- and outputs of the EPB standards will clearly be defined

19 Excels available The excel files will be publicly available Some small differences may be possible between the final versions of the standards and the available files due to some editorial changes in these standards Public link to website velink/open/

20 /nen/livelink/open/

21 FprEN :2016 Indoor environmental input parameters for the design and assessment of energy performance of buildings his IEQ Standard : deals with the indoor environmental parameters for thermal environment, indoor air quality, lighting and acoustics. specifies how to establish indoor environmental input parameters for building system design and energy performance calculations. includes design criteria for the local thermal discomfort factors, like draught, radiant temperature asymmetry, vertical air temperature differences, floor surface temperature.

22 FprEN :2016 Indoor environmental input parameters for the design and assessment of energy performance of buildings This IEQ Standard : specifies occupancy schedules to be used in standard energy calculations Uses the Annex A/B approach Could be a basis for an IEQ declaration in combination with the EP certificate

23 Description of the categories used Category Explanation I High level of expectation II Normal level of expectation III IV Moderate level of expectation Low level of expectation.

24 Background of these Categories

25 Temperature ranges for hourly calculation of cooling and heating energy in four categories of indoor environment Type of building or space Category Temperature range for heating seasons Clothing ~ 1,0 clo Temperature range for cooling seasons Clothing ~ 0,5 clo o C o C Residential buildings, living spaces (bed room s, kitchens, living rooms etc.) Sedentary activity: ~1,2 met I 21,0-25,0 23,5-25,5 II 20,0-25,0 23,0-26,0 III 18,0-25,0 22,0-27,0 IV 17,0-25,0 21,0 28,0

26 Temperature ranges for hourly calculation of cooling and heating energy in four categories of indoor environment

27 ADAPTATION NATURAL VENTILATED BUILDGS Behavioural Clothing, activity, posture Psychological Expectations

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29 Example of design ventilation air flow rates for a single-person office of 10 m 2 in a low polluting building (un-adapted person) Category Lowpolluting building l/(s*m 2 ) Airflow per nonadapted person l/(s*person) Total design ventilation air flow rate for the room l/s l/(s*person) l/(s* m 2 ) I 1, II 0, ,4 III 0, ,8 IV 0,3 2,5 5,5 5,5 0,55

30 Collaboration with ISO 17 of the 52 EPB standards are EN-ISO standards This number will rise in future EN standards have the same status as EN-ISO standard in Europe For EN-ISO standards the same rules apply as for EN s: Conflicting national standards have to be withdrawn by the National Standard Body.

31 Summary The CEN EPB standards support the implementation of the EPBD in the EU MS s They include the EP assessment procedures for buildings and systems for existing towards low energy buildings to meet the nzeb and possible positive energy targets The developed standards offer the flexibility to apply them throughout Europe and Globally CEN and ISO cooperate to achieve a common set of EPB standards ( for ISO the numbers have been reserved)

32 The sole responsibility for the content of this presentation lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.