Fred Civian MassDEP Stormwater Coordinator.

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1 Fred Civian MassDEP Stormwater Coordinator

2

3 Current Stormwater Regulations in Massachusetts Federal Regulations Construction General Permit Multi Sector General Permit Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System State Regulations Massachusetts Stormwater Standards Local Bylaws

4 Stormwater Expectations Why isn t stormwater control more of a real program? Why isn t there just one stormwater program with one set of rules?

5 Newtonian Stormwater Precipitation Management : Controlled from when it hits any terrestrially-related object to ultimate deposition Classic regulation - separate state, federal and local laws and active staffing at all levels Stems from our Point Source Model Small number of big pipes Each source regulated through a single permit Environmental staff works at the source State and Federal staffing level geared toward regulating 100s of sources

6 Chaos Theory of Stormwater Stormwater Programs appear to control intermittently and haphazardly Can t tell when programs apply and when they don t Example: the permit allows me 5 years until I have to do anything Product of Frustration Tens of thousands of sources

7 Einsteinian Stormwater Not that we re so smart it depends on what the activity is and where it occurs. It is what it is: different programs that need to be coordinated MS4s in thickly settled areas MSGPs specific industrial uses Inside wetlands jurisdictional areas Construction sites > 1 acre In Towns with Local bylaws

8 Current Stormwater Regulations in Massachusetts Federal Regulations Construction General Permit Multi Sector General Permit Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System State Regulations Massachusetts Stormwater Standards Local Bylaws

9 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System MS4 Trigger: EPA-listed urbanized area How to File with EPA: written NOI Regulatory Standard: discharges from Town/agency systems must meet federal and state clean water laws Effective Date: 2003 permit continued; 2014 is draft

10 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Draft 2014 MS4 Basic Requirements: Meet the 6 minimum control measures 2003 permit: general 2014 permit: specific 2014 Draft Issues:: Cost increases Moving away from a BMP-based program Many administrative and reporting requirements Instead of new criteria, use the MA SW Standards

11 Massachusetts Stormwater Standards Trigger: If state Wetlands Act applies OR adopted locally wetlands jurisdictional area How to File: written NOI with local Con Comm Regulatory Standard: meet the 10 Massachusetts Stormwater Standards per MA Stormwater Handbook Effective Date: January 2, 2008

12 MA Stormwater Standards 1. No new stormwater conveyances (e.g. outfalls) may discharge untreated stormwater directly to or cause erosion in wetlands or waters of the Commonwealth. 2. Manage peak discharges 3. Provide recharge 4. Reduce TSS 5. Prevent pollution from land uses with higher potential pollutant loads 6. Protect Critical Areas 7. Redevelopment: meet standards to maximum extent practicable AND improve existing conditions 8. Control construction-related impacts 9. Provide operation and maintenance 10. Remove illicit discharges

13 Where Is the Massachusetts Stormwater Handbook? Go to In Quick Links on the left, highlight Stormwater and click Go Click on Stormwater Permitting as it Pertains to the Wetlands Protection Act Click on Web Page of The Massachusetts Stormwater Handbook

14 MA Stormwater Handbook Volume 1, Chapter 1: The Stormwater Management Standards Volume 1, Chapter 2: Legal Framework for Stormwater Management Volume 2, Chapter 1: The Three Components of Stormwater Management Volume 2, Chapter 2: Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) Volume 2, Chapter 3: Checklist for Redevelopment Projects Volume 2, Chapter 4: Proprietary Stormwater BMPs Volume 2, Chapter 5: Miscellaneous Stormwater Topics Volume 2 Appendix: Operating and Source Control BMPs Volume 3, Chapter 1: Documenting Compliance Stormwater Report: Checklist TSS Removal Calculation Worksheet

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17 Massachusetts Sensitive Areas

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20 MassDEP Stormwater Info MassDEP web site with Stormwater Scroll down to MassDEP Quick Links Select Stormwater and hit Go Frederick.Civian@state.ma.us

21 Nobis Engineering, March STORMWATER BMPs: Selection and Applications Images: Grand Rapids Community Media Center

22 Basic BMP Functions Treatment Infiltration Detention Conveyance Images: H20 Resources

23 Conveyance & Detention Images: Wikipedia

24 Treatment & Infiltration Image: CT NEMO

25 Low-Impact Development Minimize impervious areas, maximize greenspace Multiple small BMPs, not massive structures Treat & infiltrate runoff at source Image: SVR Design

26 What BMP Should You Use? Stormwater requirements Impervious Surfaces Pollutant Loads Groundwater Recharge Image: kennethquillian.com

27 What BMP Should You Use? Site Limitations Small/Narrow areas Unsuitable soils/high groundwater Proximity to critical areas/tmdls Maintenance concerns $$$ BUDGET $$$

28 What BMP Should You Use? Retrofitting Images: City of Portland Oregon

29 Stormwater Handbook BMPs Available on MassDEP website (or you could just google it) Voume 2, Chapter 2: Specifications & Guidance for BMPs 10 Stormwater Standards BMPs help to meet Standards 1-7

30 Stormwater Handbook BMPs Pretreatment Treatment Conveyance Infiltration Other BMPs

31 Pretreatment BMPs Image: US Fish & Wildlife

32 Deep-Sump Catch Basins A normal catch basin - with sump to capture sediment Requires regular cleaning Images: SeaGrant, MBO Precast

33 Sediment Forebay Preliminary treatment Settling basin Stone or concrete Images: University of Idaho, Solitude Lake Management

34 Vegetated Filter Strip Parking Lots Roadways Images: Vermont DEC, Green Infrastructure Digest

35 Oil/Grit Separators Large multi-chamber vaults Compact drain manhole footprint Images: FHWA, Konkast

36 Catch Basin Inserts Use existing CB s Cleaning requirements Images: Stormwater Buffer Zone. Oldcastle FloGard

37 Treatment BMPs Images: Wikipedia

38 Bioretention Areas / Rain Gardens Combines soil, plant, and microbes to treat stormwater Very high (up to 90%) pollutant removal Special plant & soil requirements Images: Stormwater Center, Minnesota Water

39 Stormwater Wetlands Constructed wetlands Gravel Wetlands Wet detention basins Mosquito breeding concern Images: UNH, Watershed Texas, Greenville County South Carolina

40 Images: Terra Genius, CalTrans Extended Dry Detention Basins Modified version of traditional detention basin Extended duration allows particles to settle out Designed for larger drainage areas

41 Images: Contech, StormTrap, Filterra Filter Systems Sand filters Tree boxes Proprietary systems

42 Proprietary Separators Can also be used for pre-treatment Maintenance & Upkeep Specialized filter media, systems Images: StormCeptor, VorTechs, VortSentry, StormFilter

43 Images: Wikipedia, Fairfax County Virginia Conveyance BMPs

44 Images: CalTrans, Oregon DOT, UC Santa Barbara Drainage Channels & Water Quality Swales Drainage channels: conveyance only Water quality swales: some treatment Pollutant removal depends on: Flow rate and velocity through swale Hydraulic residence time

45 Infiltration BMPs Often combined with other BMPs Groundwater recharge, not storm peak reduction Not suitable for every site: What are site soils? Groundwater elevation?

46 Dry Wells & Underground Structures Dry wells Multiple manufacturers Images: StormChambers, Contech, NYC.gov, StormTrap

47 Infiltration Trenches Small footprint Good for perimeters Images: Low Impact Development Center, Susdrain

48 Infiltration Basins Stormwater detention, with infiltration added Can include treatment (bioretention) Images: Ventura Stormwater, City of Ames Iowa, City of Sandy Oregon

49 Other BMPs Pervious Pavement/Pavers Green Roofs/Rain Barrels Detention Basins

50 Permeable Paving Multiple Types: Pervious concrete Porous asphalt Pavers Considerations: Cost/Maintenance Infiltration BMP Images: Metropolitan Area Planning Council, WIkipedia

51 Stormwater BMP Applications Small drainage areas easiest to handle Multiple BMPs work best as a system More intensive treatment = More $$$ Retrofits for existing systems Alternatives Analysis find the optimal design

52 Questions? Stormwater BMPs: Selection and Application David Cloutier, PE, CPESC Nobis Engineering, Inc. (978) Images: Civil Engineering Photos

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