Functional land management and carbon sequestration: balancing the competition for land

Transcription

1 Functional land management and carbon sequestration: balancing the competition for land Rogier P. O. Schulte 1,3, Lilian O Sullivan 2, Kristine Valujeva 3, Rachel E. Creamer 1 and Arwyn Jones 4 1. Wageningen University and Research 2. Teagasc, the Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority 3. Latvia Agricultural University 4. Joint Research Centre, European Commission

2 A NEW POLICY CLIMATE

3 A NEW POLICY CLIMATE

4 1. Where are the main carbon stores? 3. Can we plug carbon hotspots? 4. And prevent new ones? 2. Which areas are most suitable for afforestation? 5. Can we find unsaturated carbon sinks in grassland? THE SEARCH FOR NEW OPPORTUNITIES

5 Most suitable for afforestation Main carbon store Potential unsaturated long-term carbon sink? Plug carbon hotspots Optimise efficiency (Carbon Navigator) Emission sensitive soils: reward non-drainage A FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SMART LAND MANAGEMENT

6 COMPETING DEMANDS ON LAND?

7 LANDMARK

8 Functions in EU Thematic Strategy: - Primary productivity: food, fibre, fuel - Water regulation & purification - Carbon regulation & sequestration - Habitat for biodiversity - Nutrient Cycling All soils / land perform all functions but different parts of the land(scape) are better at delivering different functions SOIL FUNCTIONS: THE BIG FIVE

9 Well drained Moderately Arable Biomass Grass Forest Peat NATURA drained Poorly drained SOIL FUNCTIONS: THE BIG FIVE

10 TOWARDS FUNCTIONAL LAND MANAGEMENT

11 More trafficable days Loss of carbon Carbon price TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN SOIL FUNCTIONS

12 Primary production Carbon sequestration Water purification MULTI-FUNCTION SYNERGIES AND TRADE-OFFS

13 Primary production Water purification Carbon sequestration MULTI-FUNCTION SYNERGIES AND TRADE-OFFS

14 POLICY FRAMEWORK Scale Policy Objectives Pathway National Regional Local Food / Fuel Sovereignty Regional development Farm viability High Status Sites Surface water quality Drinking water quality GHG mitigation Soil Quality Protection of Rare species habitats Sewage Sludge Management Manure Management (intensive enterprises) Land Use Management (National / EU) Farm Management (local) landmark@teagasc.ie

15 POLICY FRAMEWORK Scale Policy Objectives Pathway National Regional Local Food / Fuel Sovereignty Regional development Farm viability High Status Sites Surface water quality Drinking water quality GHG mitigation Soil Quality Protection of Rare species habitats Sewage Sludge Management Manure Management (intensive enterprises) Land Use Management (National / EU) Farm Management (local) landmark@teagasc.ie

16 POLICY FRAMEWORK Pathway Existing Policy Instruments Market Mandatory Voluntary Land Use Management (National / EU) Farm Management (local) Value-chain Marketing Manure trading Quality assurance schemes Designation of NATURA 2000 & High Status Waterbodies River Basin District Management Plans Nitrates Environmental Impact Assessment GAEC Greening measures Single Farm Payment Afforestation Schemes Areas of Natural Constraint Agri-environment schemes landmark@teagasc.ie

17 GOVERNANCE INSTRUMENTS FOR LAND MANAGEMENT 1. No 1:1 alignment of objectives and instruments 2. Few regional / collaborative instruments Spatial scale Policy Objectives Existing Policy Instruments Market Mandatory Voluntary National Regional Local Food / Fuel Sovereignty Regional development Farm viability High Status Sites Surface water quality Drinking water quality GHG mitigation Soil Quality Protection of Rare species habitats Sewage Sludge Management Manure Management (intensive enterprises) 5. Room for more alignment? Value-chain Marketing Manure trading Quality assurance schemes Designation of NATURA 2000 & High Status Waterbodies River Basin District Management Plans Nitrates Environmental Impact Assessment GEAC Greening measures Single Farm Payment 4. Some alignment between instruments Afforestation Schemes Areas of Natural Constraint Agrienvironment schemes 3. Many (enough?) instruments at farm level landmark@teagasc.ie

18 NEXT STEP: SHARED LEARNING?

19 Pedomorpho Units/ Practices-land use Artificialization- Agriculture Nonartificialized Agriculture Artificialization- Pastures Nonartificialized Pastures Abandoned Pastures Secondary Forest Degraded forest Forest plantation Regeneration Plato argiloso (Clayed-plateau) Erosion incisions?????? Encharca (water logged) Sandy slope Blue: primary production; green: water purification; orange: habitat for biodiversity SHARED LEARNING: BRAZIL

20 SHARED LEARNING: BRAZIL Source: Krusche et al., 2015

21 ACTORS IN SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT

22 SIGNAL NETWORK ANALYSIS

23 PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: EU POLICY SCENARIOS Water Framework Directive

24 Public policy Net public financing (subsidies taxes) Economic Social Climate Biodiversity FUNCTIONAL LAND MANAGEMENT IN LATVIA

25 2 3 1 SUMMARY