ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS WEBER SIGN SERVICE, INC. th 730 EAST 8 STREET MICHIGAN CITY, INDIANA 46360

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1 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS WEBER SIGN SERVICE, INC. th 730 EAST 8 STREET MICHIGAN CITY, INDIANA Prepared for: THE MICHIGAN CITY REDEVELOPMENT COMMISSION 100 EAST MICHIGAN BOULEVARD MICHIGAN CITY, INDIANA 46360

2 th WEBER SIGN SERVICE, INC.-730 EAST 8 STREET ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS On behalf of the Michigan City Redevelopment Commission (MCRC), Environmental Incorporated conducted a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) at the Weber Sign Service facility (Weber), th located at 730 East 8 Street in Michigan City, Indiana (site) in March The Phase I ESA was conducted in general conformance with the scope and limitations of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E , Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process and using currently accepted professional practices, principles and procedures for environmental assessments. As a result of the abovementioned Phase I ESA activities, three Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs) with implications to potential environmental liabilities were observed at the site which are bulletized below.! Two fuel oil above ground storage tanks (AST) were identified on a historical fire insurance map and a property map. Concrete saddles to hold the former tanks were observed along the east side of the building. Per the property owner, two 8,000-gallon capacity fuel oil ASTs had been situated on these concrete saddles. The tanks were removed in March 1981.! Observations of heavily stained/oil saturated soils were noted in the vicinity of approximately gallon buckets of spent hydraulic oil.! An oil sheen was observed on the standing water located in the low lying wet area immediately north of the site (abandoned railroad property). Since this potentially impacted area located on the abandoned railroad property is situated at a lower elevation than the site, surface water run-off from the site may be discharging to this low-lying area. Because of the Phase I ESA findings, a Phase II ESA was initiated to collect samples of the site soils and groundwater to determine the presence of on-site contamination. Two soil samples and one groundwater screening sample were collected from soil borings conducted at the site. (Figure 1 presents the soil boring locations, and Figure 2 presents the locations of sample collection.) The results of the Phase II ESA have resulted in the following salient conclusions being generated.! Soils at the site consisted of an initial fill material, underlain by fine grained sand with trace amounts of fine grained gravel, silt and clay, brown in color, ranging in moisture from damp to wet (soil saturation ranging from 2-3 bgl).! Significant indications of soil contamination [based on visual and instrumental (PID) indications] were observed in the soils encountered within the borings advanced in the locations of the former ASTs and containers of hydraulic oil. Heavy black soil staining was observed (with a strong fuel oil odor) from grade to 4-5 feet bgl (termination of borings).! Groundwater flow in the vicinity of the site was interpreted to be to the north/northwest toward Trail Creek (refer to Figure 3).! Impacts to soils in the northeast corner of the site appear to be the result of surface spills from the former fuel oil ASTs and the containers of spent hydraulic oil. The impacts appear to be co-mingled. Specifically, the concentrations for several of the metal constituents (copper, lead and arsenic) detected in site soil samples were above the RISC Policy default closure concentrations for the commercial/industrial and the residential land use scenarios. (Table 1 presents the soil analytical

3 results.) The estimated area of soil impacts (contamination above the RISC commercial/industrial and residential default closure levels) at the site is depicted on Figure 4. The estimated minimum volume of impacted soils (contamination above the RISC commercial/industrial and residential default closure levels) is approximately 1,200 cubic yards.! Several VOCs, semi-vocs and metals were detected within the groundwater screening sample collected from the site (below the former location of the fuel oil ASTs) with detected concentrations exceeding the IDEM s RISC Policy s industrial and residential default closure levels. (Table 2 presents the groundwater screening sample analytical results.) Naphthalene was the only VOC constituent detected above the residential cleanup standard; however, the detected concentration did not exceed the industrial standard. The concentrations of several PAHs and metals exceeded the RISC Policy s industrial and residential default closure levels.! Several VOCs, semi-vocs and metals were detected within the groundwater sample collected from well MW-5, situated immediately downgradient of the on-site groundwater impacted area (refer to Table 3). Of these detected constituents, several chlorinated VOCs were detected above regulatory limits. The concentration of vinyl chloride exceeded the industrial and residential cleanup levels, while the concentrations of TCE and c-dce exceeded the IDEM s RISC Policy s residential default closure levels. Benzo(a)pyrene (above the residential closure goal) and lead (above the industrial and residential closure goals) were also detected in well MW-5. Several semi-vocs and metals were detected within the groundwater sample collected from near downgradient, off-site well MW-6 which exceeded the RISC Policy s industrial and residential default closure levels. The analytical results from the groundwater sample collected from the far downgradient, off-site monitoring well MW-2 indicated that two VOCs and several metal parameters were detected above the laboratory s reporting limits. However, the detected concentrations did not exceed the regulatory limits (except for lead).! The estimated extents of groundwater impacts (parameter concentrations above the RISC residential and non-residential default closure levels) at the site are depicted on Figure 5. The approximate extent of the groundwater plume was based on the analytical results from the on-site groundwater screening sample and the samples collected from off-site monitoring wells. Based on similar PAH constituents detected in the on-site groundwater screening sample and the off-site downgradient wells MW-5 and MW-6, situated immediately north of the northern property line, it can be assumed that on-site groundwater contaminants have impacted off-site groundwater. The metals and PAHs detected in site media (soil and groundwater) are typical constituents found in fuel oil/spent oil confirming that impacts to the site and nearby off-site are most likely associated with the former operations of the fuel oil ASTs and the containers of spent hydraulic oil. However, since there were no indications of chlorinated VOC usage identified during Phase I ESA activities conducted at the site and chlorinated VOCs were not detected in the on-site soil nor groundwater samples, the chlorinated VOCs detected in off-site groundwater may not be associated with the Weber site. In summary, impacts to soil and groundwater in the northeast corner of the site appear to be the result of surface spills from the operations of the former fuel oil ASTs and the containers of spent hydraulic oil. The estimated minimum volume of impacted soils (contamination above the RISC commercial/industrial and residential default closure levels) is approximately 1,200 cubic yards. Based on similar PAH constituents detected in the on-site groundwater screening sample and the off-site downgradient wells, situated immediately north of the northern property line, it can be assumed that on-site groundwater contaminants have impacted off-site groundwater with contaminants potentially extending off site to the north (impacting the railroad property and potentially the Michigan City Former Bensz Facility). The metals and PAHs detected in site media (soil and groundwater) are typical constituents found in fuel oil/spent oil confirming

4 that impacts to the site and nearby off-site are most likely associated with the former operations of the fuel oil ASTs and the containers of spent hydraulic oil. Consequently, remedial alternatives and cost options were evaluated to determine the most efficient and economical method of corrective action of impacted soil and groundwater present at the site. Based on the results of the preliminary feasibility study conducted to evaluate potential corrective action options, the gross estimated costs for the cleanup of impacted soils at the site is between $128,000-$335,000 and between $183,000-$407,000 for impacted groundwater (refer to Tables 4 and 5). Note: In December 2004, the MCRC submitted a Brownfields Cleanup Grant Proposal to the EPA for the Weber Site. However, the EPA determined that there was a "viable responsible party" for the contamination existing at the site and, therefore, the site is not considered a Brownfield (based on the 2004 Brownfield's Proposal Guidelines). Based on the EPA s interpretation of the site, Weber Sign is responsible for residual impacts to the site based on the leakage of containers of spent hydraulic oil that were identified on their property. (Attachment I presents the EPA correspondence.)

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10 TABLE 1 DETECTED PARAMETERS IN SOIL SAMPLES -WEBER SIGN SERVICE INC. Parameter Sample No. IDEM RISC Soil Default Closure WS-S-2 WS-S-3 Levels- Industrial (1) Depth of Sample (feet bgl) IDEM RISC Soil Default Closure Levels- Residential (2) VOCs (4) (5) sec-butylbenzene ND (4) (5) n-propylbenzene ND Naphthalene ND Toluene (4) (5) 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (4) (5) 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene Xylenes (Total) ND SVOCs ND ND Metals Arsenic Barium ,900 1,600 Beryllium , Cadmium 26.2 ND Chromium Copper 1, , Lead Mercury Nickel , Zinc 2, ,000 10,000 Note: Results reported in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) or parts per million (ppm). (1) IDEM Risk Integrated System of Closure (RISC) default closure level for the commercial/industrial scenario (IDEM- RISC Technical Resource Guidance Document, February ). (2) IDEM RISC default closure level for the residential scenario (IDEM-RISC Technical Resource Guidance Document, February 15, 2001). ND - Not detected above the laboratory s reporting limit. (4) U.S. EPA Region 9 Preliminary Remedial Goals for Industrial Soils (U.S. EPA Region 9, October 1, 2002). (5) U.S. EPA Region 9 Preliminary Remedial Goals for Residential Soils (U.S. EPA Region 9, October 1, 2002). Bold - Detected above the IDEM RISC Soil Default Closure Level for the Residential Scenario. Detected above the IDEM RISC Soil Cleanup Goal for the Non-Residential Scenario.

11 TABLE 2 DETECTED PARAMETERS IN GROUNDWATER SAMPLE -WEBER SIGN SERVICE INC. Parameter Sample No. WS-GW-2 IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Levels- Industrial (1) IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Levels- Residential (2) Depth of Screen (feet bgl) 1-5 VOCs Benzene sec-butylbenzene n-butylbenzene Ethylbenzene Isopropylbenzene (4) (4) p-isopropyltoluene NCR NCR n-propylbenzene Naphthalene ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ,3,5-Trimethylbenzene Xylenes (Total) SVOCs Acenaphthene Anthracene Benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene (4) (4) Benzo(ghi)perylene NCR NCR Benzo(k)fluoranthene Chrysene Fluoranthene Fluorene Indeno(123)pyrene (4) (4) 2-Methylnaphthalene 0.63 NCR NCR Naphthalene (4) (4) Phenanthrene NCR NCR Pyrene

12 Parameter Sample No. WS-GW-2 IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Levels- Industrial (1) IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Levels- Residential (2) Metals Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Copper Lead Mercury Nickel Silver Thallium Zinc Note: Results reported in milligrams per liter (mg/l) or parts per million (ppm). (1) IDEM Risk Integrated System of Closure (RISC) default closure level for the commercial/industrial scenario (IDEM-RISC Technical Resource Guidance Document, February ). (2) IDEM RISC default closure level for the residential scenario (IDEM-RISC Technical Resource Guidance Document, February 15, 2001). U.S. EPA Region 9 Preliminary Remedial Goals for Tap Water (U.S. EPA Region 9, October 1, 2002). (4) NCR - No concentration reported. Bold - Detected above the IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Level for the Residential Scenario. Detected above the IDEM RISC Groundwater Cleanup Goal for the Non-Residential Scenario

13 TABLE 3 DETECTED PARAMETERS IN OFF-SITE GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL SAMPLES -WEBER SIGN SERVICE INC. Parameter Sample No. IDEM RISC Groundwater Default MW-2 MW-5 MW-6 MW-9 Closure Levels- Industrial (1) IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Levels- Residential (2) VOCs Carbon disulfide ND ND ,1-Dichloroethene ND ND ND cis-1,2-dichloroethene (DCE) ND ND Trichloroethene (TCE) ND ND ND Vinyl chloride ND ND ND Xylenes (Total) ND ND ND SVOCs Acenaphthene ND ND ND Anthracene ND ND ND Benzo(a)anthracene ND ND ND Benzo(a)pyrene ND ND Benzo(b)fluoranthene ND ND (4) (4) Benzo(ghi)perylene ND ND NCR NCR Benzo(k)fluoranthene ND ND ND Chrysene ND ND ND Fluoranthene ND ND Fluorene ND ND ND Indeno(123)pyrene ND ND ND

14 TABLE 3 DETECTED PARAMETERS IN OFF-SITE GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL SAMPLES -WEBER SIGN SERVICE INC. Parameter Sample No. IDEM RISC Groundwater Default MW-2 MW-5 MW-6 MW-9 Closure Levels- Industrial (1) IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Levels- Residential (2) SVOCs-Continued (4) (4) 2-Methylnaphthalene ND ND NCR NCR Naphthalene ND ND (4) (4) Phenanthrene ND ND NCR NCR Pyrene ND ND Metals Antimony ND ND ND Arsenic Barium Beryllium ND Cadmium ND Chromium ND Copper Lead Mercury ND Nickel Silver ND ND Zinc ND 31 11

15 TABLE 3 DETECTED PARAMETERS IN OFF-SITE GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELL SAMPLES -WEBER SIGN SERVICE INC. Note: Results reported in milligrams per liter (mg/l) or parts per million (ppm). (1) IDEM Risk Integrated System of Closure (RISC) default closure level for the commercial/industrial scenario (IDEM-RISC Technical Resource Guidance Document, February 15, 2001). (2) IDEM RISC default closure level for the residential scenario (IDEM-RISC Technical Resource Guidance Document, February 15, 2001). ND - Not detected above the laboratory s reporting limit. (4) NCR - No concentration reported. Bold - Detected above the IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Level for the Residential Scenario. Detected above the IDEM RISC Groundwater Default Closure Level for the Non-Residential Scenario.

16 TABLE 4 ESTIMATED COSTS FOR POTENTIAL SOIL REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES ESTIMATED COSTS DESCRIPTION Off-Site Landfilling On-Site Thermal Treatment Ex-Situ Stabilization In-Situ Stabilization Additional Delineation Activities $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 (1) Treatability Study $1,000 NA $3,000 $3,000 Preparation of Work Plans $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 Site Remedial Activities $70,000 $260,000 $120,000 $140,000 Confirmatory Sampling $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 Preparation of Corrective Action Completion Report $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 $8,000 Contingency (10%) $12,000 $30,000 $17,000 $19,000 Total Estimated Cost $128,000 $335,000 $185,000 $207,000 Notes: (1) Not applicable. Assumptions for these cost estimates are presented in the Phase I/II ESA Report.

17 TABLE 5 ESTIMATED COSTS FOR POTENTIAL GROUNDWATER AND SOIL/GROUNDWATER REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES ESTIMATED COSTS DESCRIPTION Accelerated Natural Attenuation Pump and Treat In-Situ Bioremediation/Stabilization In-Situ Containment Additional Delineation Activities $17,000 $17,000 $17,000 $17,000 (1) (1) Treatability Study $3,000 NA $3,000 NA (2) (2) Preparation of Work Plans Included Included $8,000 $8,000 Site Remedial Activities $110,000 $80, ,000 $290,000 $220,000 (4) (1) (1) System O&M $33,000 $58,000 NA NA Confirmatory Sampling $11,000 $11,000 $44,000 $11,000 Preparation of Corrective Action Completion Report (2) (2) Included Included $8,000 $8,000 Contingency (10%) $18,000 $17,000-34,000 $37,000 $26,000 Total Estimated Cost $192,000 $183, ,000 $407,000 $290,000 Notes: (1) Not applicable. (2) Cost included in soil remedial alternatives. If the M.C. Sanitary District can except the metals concentrations in the discharge water, then the remedial system will not need to treat metals and the lower cost will apply to the system. (4) Remedial system operations and maintenance. Assumptions for these cost estimates are presented in the Phase I/II ESA Report.

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